scholarly journals Theoretical and conceptual approaches to the role of national and regional security on ensuring stability in Eastern Europe

2021 ◽  
pp. 117-124
Author(s):  
Carolina Budurina-Goreacii ◽  
◽  
Svetlana Cebotari ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Balance Of Power ◽  
Security System ◽  
Regional Security ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
European Security ◽  
Berlin Wall ◽  
Warsaw Pact ◽  
State Group

Events in Europe in the last decades of the twentieth century (the fall of the Berlin Wall, the unification of Germany, the abolition of the Warsaw Pact, the collapse of the communist bloc and the USSR) led to a reconsideration of Eastern European security. After the abolition of the Warsaw Pact, the ,,balance of power" strategy in achieving security no longer works and, as such, the Eastern European security system must be rebuilt in accordance with the new realities. The tendencies regarding the reorganization of the European security system are diverse and contradictory, each actor (state, group of states, organization) wanting to occupy a more advantageous place in order to be able to promote and, if necessary, to defend its own interests. This article aims to determine the main definitions and theories of national and regional security in the context of Eastern European stability. Also the authors are willing to identify some problems and trends in the region and to list the main actors who are responsible for dealing with challenging issues and how to avoid them.

Republic of Moldova in the Context of Regional Security Challenges in Eastern Europe

2018 ◽  
pp. 299-304
Author(s):  
Stefan Tibuleac
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Security Policy ◽  
Security System ◽  
Regional Security ◽  
Strategic Uncertainty ◽  
European Security ◽  
Republic Of Moldova ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

This article analyzes the most current security issues for the Republic of Moldova that are part of the regional security context of Eastern Europe –the region that can be considered the epicenter of international tensions through which the„geopolitical line of fracture”passes. The geographical position of the Republic of Moldova makes this state particularly sensitive to any negative trends in theregion. Growing of international tensions creates security threats and complicates economic development. From a historical point of view, Moldova has repeatedly fallen victim by the confrontation of the great powers. Therefore, the Republic of Moldova has a vital interest in preventing a new conflict in Eastern Europe. This article is based on a number of assumptions made by changes in the European security environment, such as the „shift of weight” to the East, strategic uncertainty, increasing the role of non-state actors, the situation in eastern Ukraine, etc. Based on these assumptions, this article makes an attempt to outline the potential role of the Republic of Moldova in the Eastern European security system, taking into account the desideratum for integration of the republic into the European Union. Other relevant factors will be taken into account for shaping the role of the Republic of Moldova in the European security system, namely: the security deficit; the impact of NATO and EU security policy; the rebirth of the project to create a regional defense alliance, etc. This article will largely take into account the military aspects of security. Keywords: Republic of Moldova, national security, Eastern Europe, NATO, Intermarium, defence, threats, risks, challenges

Holy land, holy language: A study of an Ultraorthodox Jewish ideology

1991 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lewis Glinert ◽  
Yosseph Shilhav
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Cultural Geography ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Holy Land ◽  
The Creation ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Sociology Of Language ◽  
Sacred Land ◽  
Land Of Israel

ABSTRACTThis study explores the correlation between notions of language and territory in the ideology of a present-day Ultraorthodox Jewish group, the Hasidim of Satmar, in the context of Jewish Ultraorthodoxy (Haredism) in general. This involves the present-day role of Yiddish vis-à-vis Hebrew, particularly in Israel. We first address the relative sanctity of a space that accommodates a closed Haredi lifestyle and of a language in which it is expressed, then contrast this with the absolute sanctity of the land of Israel and the language of Scripture both in their intensional (positive) and in their extensional (negative) dimensions, and finally examine the quasi-absolute sanctity with which the Yiddish language and Jewish habitat of Eastern Europe have been invested. Our conclusion is that three such cases of a parallel between linguistic and territorial ideology point to an intrinsic link. Indeed, the correlation of language and territory on the plane of quasi-absolute sanctity betokens an ongoing, active ideological tie, rather than a set of worn, petrified values evoking mere lip-service. These notions of quasi-sanctity find many echoes in reality: in the use of Yiddish and in the creation of a surrogate Eastern European lifestyle in the Haredi “ghettos.” (Cultural geography, sociolinguistics, Judaism, Hasidism, religion, Israel, sociology of language, Yiddish, sacred land, Hebrew, territory)

scholarly journals New Central and East-European Cinema

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Stojanova
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Berlin Wall ◽  
East European ◽  
European Cinema ◽  
Short Films ◽  
History Of

UNE NOUVELLE EUROPE: THE DOUBLE QUEST OF NEW CENTRAL AND EAST-EUROPEAN CINEMA The Berlin Wall collapsed some eight years ago, along with the repressive totalitarian Communist regimes it came to symbolise, thus neatly wrapping up half a century in the history of Eastern Europe. Little has reached our shores, however, about the effects on everyday life of this unprecedented change, brought about by mostly "velvet" revolutions across the region. In March of this year Cinémathèque Québécoise launched Une Nouvelle Europe: A Panorama of Central and Eastern European Cinema, featuring 28 feature and 5 short films from 8 countries.(1) The selection was also presented in Toronto (Cinematheque Ontario, April 4-May 1, 1997) and in Vancouver (Pacific Cinematheque, March 22-May 1), under the title A New Europe: Reeling After The Fall. The organisation of the event was an arduous and time consuming task. It took more than a year and a...

Dance and Eastern Europe

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bojana Kunst
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
The Self ◽  
Contemporary Dance ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Berlin Wall ◽  
The Difference

The chapter focuses on the relation between dance and politics in Eastern European contemporary dance, especially after 1990. Transition, which was the key political and economic term after the fall of the Berlin Wall, also deeply influences the (self-)understanding of Eastern European dance as a delayed practice. The chapter stresses that a decisive difference between these different geopolitical contexts is not an aesthetic one, but is the difference in the ways that performance works are contextualized, institutionalized, and professionalized. Several contemporary dance artists from Eastern Europe have politicized their practices through disclosing the complexity of the position of being in-between. In this sense they do not only critically address the hegemonic aspect of Western contemporary dance (as having a privilege of present), but also critically reaffirm their own history and practice.

The ‘Yidishe Paganini’: Sholem Aleichem's Stempenyu, the Music of Yiddish Theatre and the Character of the Shtetl Fiddler

2014 ◽  
Vol 139 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua S. Walden
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Small Town ◽  
Jewish Life ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Character Type ◽  
Early Twentieth Century ◽  
Jewish Immigrants

ABSTRACTThis article explores the music of Yiddish theatre in early twentieth-century New York by considering multiple adaptations of Russian Jewish author Sholem Aleichem's 1888 novel Stempenyu, about a klezmer violinist, which was transformed into two theatrical productions in 1907 and 1929, and finally inspired a three-movement recital work for accompanied violin by Joseph Achron. The multiple versions of Stempenyu present the eponymous musician as an allegory for the ambivalent role of the shtetl – the predominantly Jewish small town of Eastern Europe – in defining diasporic Jewish life in Europe and America, and as a medium for the sonic representation of shtetl culture as it was reformulated in the memories of the first generations of Jewish immigrants. The variations in the evocations of Eastern European klezmer in these renderings of Stempenyu indicate complex changes in the ways Jewish immigrants and their children conceived of their connection to Eastern Europe over four decades. The paper concludes by viewing changes in the symbolic character type of the shtetl fiddler in its most famous and recent manifestation, in the stage and screen musical Fiddler on the Roof.

Vaccination and the communist state: polio in Eastern Europe

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dora Vargha
Keyword(s):  
Cold War ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Vaccine Development ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Archival Research ◽  
The West ◽  
Communist State ◽  
East And West ◽  
The Cold War

Through the case of Czechoslovakia and Hungary, this chapter explores the role of Eastern European states in polio prevention and vaccine development in the Cold War. Based on published sources and archival research, the chapter demonstrates that polio facilitated cooperation between the antagonistic sides to prevent a disease that equally affected East and West. Moreover, it argues that Eastern Europe was seen – both by Eastern European states and the West - as different when it came to polio prevention, since the communist states were considered to be particularly well suited to test and successfully implement vaccines.

Recognizing Complexity in Eastern Europe : a Case for Differentiating Among Communist States

1984 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 191-208
Author(s):  
Daniel N. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Democratic Republic ◽  
The Political ◽  
Most Favored Nation ◽  
Warsaw Pact ◽  
1960S And 1970S ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Differential Relations

AbstractAlthough Moscow's security interests define the limits of foreign policy behavior and domestic liberalization in Eastern Europe. American relations with communist Europe in the 1960s and 1970s differentiated between and among member states of the Warsaw Pact. A policy of differential relations with communist Europe is a policy of sensitivity to complexity—to the differences between, for example, the role of Romania vis-à-vis the German Democratic Republic (GDR) in the Warsaw Pact. A finely tuned foreign policy requires such sensitivity to avoid broad and erroneous categorizations that portray American international views as irretrievably simple. Were we to distance ourselves as far from Bucharest as from Moscow, we would be ignoring the qualities that led to visits by Presidents Nixon and Ford to Bucharest and which encouraged Most Favored Nation (MFN) status for Romania. A policy which distinguishes among communist states and leaders contrasts with the simplistic view that Soviet manipulation is total, and rejects the dichotomy that East Europeans are either puppets or national patriots, with no choice between. The political worlds of leaders and citizens in these states are much more complex, and we require a policy premised on such complexity.

A Bag for All Systems: Historicizing Shopping Bags in Eastern European Consumer Culture, 1980–2000

2021 ◽  
pp. 002200942110578
Author(s):  
Leah Valtin-Erwin
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Media Culture ◽  
Material Objects ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
European Consumer ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Late Twentieth ◽  
Single Use ◽  
Late Twentieth Century

Amidst widespread shortages in the 1980s, consumers in late communist-era Eastern Europe strategically carried shopping bags with them everywhere in case an opportunity to pick up scarce goods arose. After 1989, the routine use of reusable string shopping bags declined in favor of single-use plastic bags provided in supermarkets. Over time, however, string bags were widely reconstituted as a popular nostalgic commodity. This paralleled, in reverse, the trajectory of plastic bags, especially those bearing Western branding, which had been desired but scarce commodities in the 1980s before postcommunist reforms rendered them ubiquitous. In this article, I argue that the shopping bag’s function as both an instrument of consumption and a potential commodity in and of itself helps us better historicize how late communist shortage, the rupture of 1989, and the ensuing period of change transformed the perception and memory of the role of material objects in late twentieth-century Eastern Europe. To ascertain how their embedded meaning and social function has been constantly repurposed, I analyze representations of shopping bags in print and media culture from the 1980s and 1990s as well as nostalgic sources created more recently, alongside anecdotes and recollections in academic and commercial texts.

The Changing Role of Marketing in the Eastern European Socialist Economies

1971 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 16-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Peter Lauter
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Planned Economy ◽  
Changing Role

The socialist nations of Eastern Europe are moving toward more market-oriented economies. Problems have arisen because of unfamiliarity with marketing concepts and the conflict of some concepts with established socialist ideology. This article examines problems of introducing marketing into a planned economy and concentrates on the experience of Hungary.

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