scholarly journals HUBUNGAN KADAR LEUKOSIT, MONOSIT, DAN PROKALSITONIN DENGAN KEJADIAN INFEKSI DAN LUARAN FUNGSIONAL PADA STROKE AKUT

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rivita Putri Nasari ◽  
Aldy Safruddin Rambe ◽  
Aida Fithrie
Keyword(s):  
Acute Stroke ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Functional Outcome ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Procalcitonin Level ◽  
Brain Ct Scan ◽  
High Level

ASSOCIATION OF LEUKOCYTE, MONOCYTE, AND PROCALCITONIN LEVEL WITH INFECTION AND FUNCTIONAL OUTCOME IN ACUTE STROKEABSTRACTIntroduction: Infection is a common complication in the acute of stroke. Stroke can lead to immediate stage of immunosuppression, increasing the risk of infection.Aims: To evaluate the relationship levels of leukocyte, monocyte, and procalcitonin with infection and functional outcome in acute stroke.Methods: A cross-sectional study of acute stroke patients in RSUP Dr. Adam Malik neurology ward, Medan, from June to October 2015. Diagnosis was made by clinical findings and brain CT scan. Patients with previous stroke, treated as having infection or already treated by antibiotics before admission were excluded from this study. All subjects examined for the levels of leukocytes, monocytes, and procalcitonin and observed the infection and assessed functional outcome (mRS) on day 14 of onset.Results: There were 50 subjects with age mean 57.2 (40-73) years old, mostly male (54%) and had ischemic stroke (82%). Leukocytes and procalcitonin level has positive association with infection in acute stroke significantly. Subjects whom had normal leucocyte at baseline tend not to developed infection 3.69 times compared to whom had high leucocyte at baseline. Similar with PCT, subjects with normal level of PCT at base tend not to developed infection 16.9 times compared to subject with high level of PCT at baseline. High level of leucocyte also related with low functional outcome, significantly.Discussions: There were positive associated between leukocytes and procalcitonin levels with risk of infection, and negative associated between leukocytes levels with functional outcome in acute stroke.Keywords: Infection, leukocytes, monocytes, outcome, procalcitoninABSTRAKPendahuluan: Infeksi merupakan komplikasi yang umum pada stroke akut. Stroke dapat menyebabkan immunosupresi dalam tahap awal, sehingga dapat meningkatkan risiko infeksi.Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui hubungan kadar leukosit, monosit, dan prokalsitonin (PCT) dengan kejadian infeksi dan luaran fungsional pada stroke akut.Metode: Penelitian potong lintang terhadap pasien stroke akut yang dirawat di Ruang Rawat Inap Terpadu Departemen Neurologi RSUP Haji Adam Malik, Medan, pada bulan Juni 2015 hingga Oktober 2016. Diagnosis ditegakkan berdasarkan gejala klinis dan pemeriksaan  CT scan kepala. Kriteria eksklusi adalah mengalami infeksi atau sudah menggunakan antibiotik pada saat masuk rumah sakit (RS) serta mengalami stroke berulang. Subjek dilakukan pemeriksaan kadar leukosit, monosit, dan prokalsitonin, lalu diamati ada tidaknya kejadian infeksi selama perawatan dan penilaian mRS pada hari ke-empat belas awitan.Hasil: Didapatkan 50 subjek dengan rerata usia 57,2 (40-73) tahun, mayoritas laki-laki (54%) dan mengalami stroke iskemik (82%). Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kadar leukosit dan prokalsitonin dengan kejadian infeksi pada stroke akut. Subjek dengan kadar leukosit awal yang normal lebih cenderung untuk tidak mengalami kejadian infeksi sebesar 3,69 kali dibandingkan yang leukositnya tinggi. Demikian pula kadar PCT yang normal di awal cenderung untuk tidak mengalami kejadian infeksi sebesar 16,9 kali dibandingkan subjek dengan PCT tinggi. Kadar leukosit yang tinggi juga berhubungan dengan luaran fungsional yang buruk secara bermakna.Diskusi: Terdapat hubungan positif yang signifikan kadar leukosit dan prokalsitonin dengan kejadian infeksi serta hubungan negatif yang signifikan kadar leukosit dengan luaran fungsional  pada stroke akut.Kata kunci: Infeksi, leukosit, luaran, monosit, prokalsitonin

scholarly journals Liver Function, Leucocyte, and Blood Pressure Levels with Acute Stroke Functional Outcomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 417-427
Author(s):  
Destika Fahrina ◽  
Mahmuddin Mahmuddin ◽  
Irina Kemala Nasution ◽  
Yuneldi Anwar
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Acute Stroke ◽  
Functional Outcome ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Indirect Bilirubin ◽  
The Relationship

Several studies have shown that there is an increase in bilirubin levels, leukocytes, and blood pressure in acute phase strokes. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between liver function levels, leucocytes, and blood pressure with the functional outcome of acute stroke. The method was a cross-sectional study with a sample size of 30 people who were selected by consecutive non-random sampling method, clinically proven acute stroke patients, and computed tomography (CT) scan. They were studied at the General Hospital of the Adam Malik Center. Demographic data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The results showed that all subjects did not differ in terms of demographic characteristics. This study concluds that there is no relation between liver function (total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, indirect bilirubin, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase [AST], serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase [SGPT], alkaline phosphatase [ALP]), leukocytes, and blood pressure with acute stroke functional outcome. The functional outcome in acute hemorrhagic stroke is worse than acute ischemic stroke. Higher levels of liver function, leucocytes, and blood pressure were found in patients with the worse functional outcome though not significantly associated.

scholarly journals Associations between handgrip strength and hypertension in relation to circulating CD34-positive cell levels among Japanese older men: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuji Shimizu ◽  
Shin-Ya Kawashiri ◽  
Kenichi Nobusue ◽  
Hirotomo Yamanashi ◽  
Yasuhiro Nagata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Japanese Men ◽  
Vascular Homeostasis ◽  
Endothelial Repair ◽  
High Level

Abstract Background A positive association between handgrip strength and blood pressure has been reported. Since these factors are linked to the condition of the endothelium, the activity of endothelial repair might influence the association between handgrip strength and hypertension. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted with 257 Japanese men aged 60–69 years who underwent an annual health checkup. As individuals with high level of circulating CD34-positive cells might show active endothelial repair, which plays an important role in vascular homeostasis, participants were stratified by circulating CD34-positive cell levels, using the median value of this population (0.96 cells/μL) as the cutoff. Results Independent of known cardiovascular risk factors, for participants with a high CD34-positive cell, handgrip strength is significantly positively associated with hypertension (odds ratio and 95% confidence interval of hypertension for 1 standard deviation increment of handgrip strength were 1.85 (1.19, 2.88) but not for participants with a low CD34-positive cell (0.91 (0.61, 1.37)). Conclusion The positive association between handgrip strength and hypertension is limited to high CD34-positive cells. This result may help clarify the role of vascular homeostasis in maintaining muscle strength.

scholarly journals Computed Tomography-based determinants for predicting death and ICU requirement in patients suffering COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marzie Dehgan ◽  
Nasrin Khalesi ◽  
Masumeh Akbari ◽  
Rogheyeh Fallah ◽  
Neda Hosseininezhad
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Scoring Systems ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Main Determinants ◽  
Diffuse Distribution

Abstract Background: What has received special attention in recent months is the use of a combination of clinical findings, laboratory markers, and, in addition, the findings of lung Computed Tomography (CT) scan in the design and delivery of risk scoring systems for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID -19) patients. The present study aimed to determine main lung CT-related correlates of disease severity (Intensive Care Units (ICU) requiring) as well as death in COVID -19 patients.Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed on 515 consecutive patients with definitive diagnosis of COVID-19 admitted to one of the COVID -19 referral hospitals in Tehran. All patients' information was collected through a review of their archives. All patients were evaluated by CT scan of the lungs.Results: The mean follow-up of patients from the time of admission was 10.85±6.11 days between 1 and 30 days. During this period, a total of 29.1% were admitted to the ICU. Also, the mortality rate of patients was equal to 28.2%. According to multivariable logistic regression model with the presence of death-related correlates, crazy paving pattern, diffuse distribution of lesions, CT Severity Score (CTSS) score >12, the presence of plural effusion or emphysema were the main determinants of COVID -19 related death and should be considered for presenting new scoring system for predicting death following COVID -19 disease. In similar model, CTSS score >12 along with the presence of plural effusion, emphysema, or pulmonary hypertension were the main determinants of requiring ICU admission. Conclusion: The CT score higher than 12 along with observing the pattern of diffuse distribution of lesions especially accompanied with emphysema, pleural effusion or pulmonary hypertension can predict patient mortality or will determine the need for hospitalization in the ICU.

scholarly journals Initial brain CT scan and shunting outcomes in children with hydrocephalus

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 200
Author(s):  
Andi Anita Utami ◽  
Alifiani Hikmah Putranti ◽  
Yetty Movieta Nency ◽  
Eddy Sudijanto
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Fourth Ventricle ◽  
Third Ventricle ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Shunt Surgery ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Brain Ct ◽  
Brain Ct Scan ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Background Hydrocephalus is one of the most common clinicalconditions affecting the central nervous system, with a congenitalhydrocephalus incidence of 3-4 per 1000 births. Incidence ofacquired types of hydrocephalus is unknown. Brain computerisedtomography (CT) scan can be used to assess the size of ventriclesand other structures. Shunting has long been performed toalleviate hydrocephalus. Shunting has dramatically changed theoutlook of children with hydrocephalus, with many of them havingnormal life expectancies and attaining normal intelligence.Objective To determine the outcomes of shunting in childrenwith hydrocephalus based on initial brain CT scan.Methods We performed a cross-sectional study in Dr. KariadiHospital. Initial brain CT scan data were collected from themedical records of children admitted to the Neurosurgery Wardfor ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt surgery from January 2009to December 2010. We studied the brain CT scan findings beforeVP shunt surgery and the outcomes of the children after VP shuntsurgery. Radiological findings were determined by a radiologistresponsible at that time.Results This study consisted of 30 subjects, 19 boys and 11girls. Initial brain CT scans to assess disease severity revealed thefo llowing conditions: lateral ventricle dilatation in 7 subjects,lateral and third ventricle dilatation in 16 subjects, and lateral,third and fourth ventricle dilatation in 7 subjects. After VPshunt surgery, 3 subjects in the lateral, third and fourth ventricledilatation category died. They were grouped according to theircondition. Group 1 consisted of subjects with only lateral ventricledilatation and subjects with lateral and third ventricle dilatation(23 subjects), while group 2 consisted of subjects with lateral,third and fourth ventricle dilatation (7 subjects). More survivorswere found in group 1 than those in group 2.Conclusion Less severe initial brain CT scan findings areassociated with better shunting outcomes children withhydrocephalus.

Method of virtual reality for early comprehensive rehabilitation of patients with acute stroke

2020 ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
N. Nozdryukhina ◽  
E. Kabayeva ◽  
E. Kirilyuk ◽  
K. Tushova ◽  
A. Karimov
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Acute Stroke ◽  
Functional Outcome ◽  
Recovery Process ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Stroke Disability ◽  
Comprehensive Rehabilitation ◽  
High Level

Despite significant advances in the treatment and rehabilitation of stroke, level of post-stroke disability remains at a fairly high level. Recent innovative developments in the rehabilitation of these patients provide good results in terms of functional outcome. One of such developments is method of virtual reality (VR), which affects not only the speed and volume of regaining movement, as well as coordination, but also normalizes the psycho-emotional background, increasing the motivation of patients to improve the recovery process. This article provides a literature review of the use of the VR method in the rehabilitation of post-stroke patients, neurophysiological aspects of recovery of lost functions using this method are considered.

Comparison of Non-radiographic Axial Spondyloarthritis and Ankylosing Spondyltis from a Single Rheumatology Hospital in Morocco

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 240-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nessrine Akasbi ◽  
Siar Nihad ◽  
Zoukal Sofia ◽  
El Kohen Khadija ◽  
Harzy Taoufik
Keyword(s):  
Disease Burden ◽  
Axial Spondyloarthritis ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Low Back ◽  
New Classification ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Asas Criteria ◽  
History Of ◽  
High Level

Background: According to the new classification criteria developed by The Assessment of SpondyloArthritis International Society, patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) can be classified in 2 subgroups: Patients with radiographic axial spondyloarthritis: ankylosing spondylitis patients (AS) and those with non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (nr-axSpA). Objective: The aim of the present study is to describe and discuss the differences and similarities between the two subgroups. Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a single rheumatology hospital in Morocco. These included patients diagnosed as having axial spondyloarthritis according to ASAS criteria 2010, during a period of 6 years. The AS and the nr-axSpA subgroups were compared for the various axSpA-related variables. Results: Of the 277 patients with a diagnosis of axial SpA who were included in this study, 160 had AS and 117 had nr-axSpA. AS and nr-ax-SpA shared a similar age at diagnosis, similar prevalence of low back pain, lumbar stiffness, extra-articular manifestations, BASDAI and BASFI. In the multivariate analysis, AS patients were mainly male with cervical stiffness, enthesitis, coxitis and high level of ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate). The females generally had a family history of SpA and arthritis and were associated to the nr-axSpA form in the univariate analysis. Conclusion: This was the first study to characterise patients with AS and nr-axSpA in Morocco. Consistent with other studies published, this study showed that patients with nr-axSpA and patients with AS shared a comparable degree of disease burden.

scholarly journals Burnout and Its Relationship with Demographic and Job-Related Variables among Dentists in Lithuania: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 3968
Author(s):  
Eglė Slabšinskienė ◽  
Andrej Gorelik ◽  
Aistė Kavaliauskienė ◽  
Apolinaras Zaborskis
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Emotional Exhaustion ◽  
Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Personal Accomplishment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Satisfaction Index ◽  
Sum Score ◽  
Sum Scores ◽  
High Level

Although burnout has been described as a serious hazard for personal and professional lives and has been surveyed among dentists in many countries, no study has been published regarding burnout among dentists in Lithuania. This study aimed to evaluate the burnout level among Lithuanian dentists and its association with demographic variables, job satisfaction, and other job-related variables. The data were collected among dentists online or during professional conferences while using an anonymous questionnaire (n = 380). The Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) was used to evaluate the burnout level. A Poisson regression was applied for the analysis of relationships between variables. We observed that 42.3% of the respondents had a high emotional exhaustion (EE) (95% confidence interval (CI): 37.4–42.3%), while 18.7% (95% CI: 15.0–22.9%) and 28,2% (95% CI: 23.4–32.6%) had high depersonalization (DP) and low personal accomplishment (PA), respectively. Nonetheless, 15.3% (95% CI: 11.8–18.9%) of the study population experienced a high level of overall burnout. An original job satisfaction index was elaborated. It was significantly associated with sum scores of all burnout dimensions: with the EE sum score (Ratio of Sum Score Means (RSSM) 1.54; 95% CI: 1.46–1.62), DP sum score (RSSM 1.59; 95% CI: 1.45–1.74), and PA sum score (RSSM 0.88; 95% CI: 0.84–0.92). It was concluded that Lithuanian dentists can be characterised by high burnout intensity and high prevalence of burnout, being especially evident in emotional exhaustion. The dentist with low job satisfaction appeared to be the most vulnerable to all burnout dimensions.

scholarly journals The Relationships Between Serum DHEA-S and AMH Levels in Infertile Women: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1211
Author(s):  
Li-Te Lin ◽  
Kuan-Hao Tsui
Keyword(s):  
Generalized Linear Models ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulphate ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Infertile Women ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship between serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEA-S) and anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) levels has not been fully established. Therefore, we performed a large-scale cross-sectional study to investigate the association between serum DHEA-S and AMH levels. The study included a total of 2155 infertile women aged 20 to 46 years who were divided into four quartile groups (Q1 to Q4) based on serum DHEA-S levels. We found that there was a weak positive association between serum DHEA-S and AMH levels in infertile women (r = 0.190, p < 0.001). After adjusting for potential confounders, serum DHEA-S levels positively correlated with serum AMH levels in infertile women (β = 0.103, p < 0.001). Infertile women in the highest DHEA-S quartile category (Q4) showed significantly higher serum AMH levels (p < 0.001) compared with women in the lowest DHEA-S quartile category (Q1). The serum AMH levels significantly increased across increasing DHEA-S quartile categories in infertile women (p = 0.014) using generalized linear models after adjustment for potential confounders. Our data show that serum DHEA-S levels are positively associated with serum AMH levels.

scholarly journals HANDLING DISTRUST ON RISK COMMUNICATION IN NIGERIA: A STRATEGY TO STRENGTHENING THE COVID-19 OUTBREAK RESPONSE

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Olayinka Stephen Ilesanmi ◽  
Priscilla Onaopemipo Akosile ◽  
Aanuoluwapo Adeyimika Afolabi ◽  
Victor Okoliko Ukwenya
Keyword(s):  
Risk Communication ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Outbreak Response ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
High Level

Abstract Background This study aimed to assess the level of trust in the COVID-19 risk communication efforts in Nigeria. Methods We conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study among community members aged 15 years and above in Ondo state in October, 2020. Data were collected using an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 22. Descriptive statistics were summarized using frequencies. Trust was ranked from “1” implying “Low level of trust” to “7” denoting “High level of trust”. We conducted bivariate Chi-square test on respondents’ level of trust in the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) and socio-demographic characteristics. The level of significance was set at p<0.05. Results Among the 691 respondents, 244 (35.3%) were aged 21 to 29 years, and 304 (51.4%) used the NCDC to obtain COVID-19 knowledge. Overall, 205 (41.8%) had high level of trust in the NCDC. Furthermore, 51 (51.5%) individuals aged 30-39 years had high level of trust in the NCDC (ᵡ2=17.455, p= 0.001). Also, 114 (48.5%) persons who lived with children below 18 years had high level of trust in the NCDC (ᵡ2= 8.266, p= 0.004). Conclusion Policy makers should prioritize the involvement of young and educated persons in COVID-19 risk communication strategies.

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