An Exploration of the Pulmonary Fitness of Construction Workers in Delhi NCR in the light of the BOCWA Act

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 392-399
Author(s):  
Krishnakumar S ◽  
Shailaja S Thakur ◽  
Jesim Pais
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Construction Workers ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Construction Sector ◽  
National Capital Region ◽  
Key Words Ards ◽  
High Concentrations

The construction sector is one of the most important sources of employment for labour in India. The workers in the construction sector are exposed to high concentrations of particulate matter at their place of work. This increases their susceptibility to various respiratory diseases, particularly Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Distress (COPD) and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). This study is based on a sample of 30 migrant construction workers who have been in the construction labour force in the Delhi- National Capital Region for a minimum of three years. The study reports comparative pulmonary fitness and haematological parameters of the workers in the construction sector versus other sectors. The pulmonary function test parameters like FVC (forced vital capacity), FEV1 (forced expiratory volume in one sec), FEV1/FVC, and PEF (Peak Expiratory Flow) were performed in both test and control groups using a spirometer. Our results show that the pulmonary fitness indicators like FVC, FEV1and PEF are significantly impaired in construction workers as compared to those of the control group. Based on Independent t-test using SPSS Statistics, we observed significant differences (p< 0.05) in FEV1 and FVC between both groups. The study thus confirms that labourers exposed to poor air quality at the construction site are susceptible to respiratory diseases, particularly ARDS. All of this reflects the poor enforcement of the adequate safety measures well enlisted in social legislations like the BOCWA (Building and Other Construction Workers Act). Key words: ARDS, BOCWA, FEV1/FVC, migrant construction labour.

Hazards for Construction Workers

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gavin H. West ◽  
Laura S. Welch
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Engineered Nanomaterials ◽  
Construction Workers ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact

This chapter describes the hazards for construction workers, with a particular focus on injuries as well as exposures to hazardous chemicals and dusts. A section describes hazardous exposures to lead and other heavy metals. Another section describes noise exposure. The impact of musculoskeletal disorders among construction workers is then discussed. A section on respiratory diseases focuses on asbestosis, silicosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and asthma. Exposures known to cause dermatitis and cancer are reviewed. There is a discussion of engineered nanomaterials as a potential emerging hazard. Various approaches to prevention and control, including regulations and health services, are described.

scholarly journals Using Mobiles to Monitor Respiratory Diseases

Informatics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Fatma Zubaydi ◽  
Assim Sagahyroon ◽  
Fadi Aloul ◽  
Hasan Mir ◽  
Bassam Mahboub
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Application ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Air Flow Rate ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Effective Manner ◽  
Using Data

In this work, a mobile application is developed to assist patients suffering from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or Asthma that will reduce the dependency on hospital and clinic based tests and enable users to better manage their disease through increased self-involvement. Due to the pervasiveness of smartphones, it is proposed to make use of their built-in sensors and ever increasing computational capabilities to provide patients with a mobile-based spirometer capable of diagnosing COPD or asthma in a reliable and cost effective manner. Data collected using an experimental setup consisting of an airflow source, an anemometer, and a smartphone is used to develop a mathematical model that relates exhalation frequency to air flow rate. This model allows for the computation of two key parameters known as forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) that are used in the diagnosis of respiratory diseases. The developed platform has been validated using data collected from 25 subjects with various conditions. Results show that an excellent match is achieved between the FVC and FEV1 values computed using a clinical spirometer and those returned by the model embedded in the mobile application.

scholarly journals Ground-based walking training improves quality of life and exercise capacity in COPD

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 885-894 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sally L. Wootton ◽  
L.W. Cindy Ng ◽  
Zoe J. McKeough ◽  
Sue Jenkins ◽  
Kylie Hill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Exercise Capacity ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Disease ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Test Time ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Walking Group

This study was designed to determine the effect of ground-based walking training on health-related quality of life and exercise capacity in people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).People with COPD were randomised to either a walking group that received supervised, ground-based walking training two to three times a week for 8–10 weeks, or a control group that received usual medical care and did not participate in exercise training.130 out of 143 participants (mean±sd age 69±8 years, forced expiratory volume in 1 s 43±15% predicted) completed the study. Compared to the control group, the walking group demonstrated greater improvements in the St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire total score (mean difference -6 points (95% CI -10– -2), p<0.003), Chronic Respiratory Disease Questionnaire total score (mean difference 7 points (95% CI 2–11), p<0.01) and endurance shuttle walk test time (mean difference 208 s (95% CI 104–313), p<0.001).This study shows that ground-based walking training is an effective training modality that improves quality of life and endurance exercise capacity in people with COPD.

scholarly journals Pedometers to enhance physical activity in COPD: a randomised controlled trial

2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 347-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Mendoza ◽  
Paula Horta ◽  
José Espinoza ◽  
Miguel Aguilera ◽  
Nicolás Balmaceda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Copd Patients ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Physical inactivity is a cardinal feature of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Pedometers, which have been used in healthy populations, might also increase physical activity in patients with COPD.COPD patients taking part in a 3-month individualised programme to promote an increase in their daily physical activity were randomised to either a standard programme of physical activity encouragement alone, or a pedometer-based programme. Assessments were performed by investigators blinded to treatment allocation. Change in average 1-week daily step count, 6-min walking distance (6MWD), modified Medical Research Council scale, St George’s respiratory questionnaire (SGRQ) and COPD assessment test (CAT) were compared between groups.102 patients were recruited, of whom 97 completed the programme (pedometer group: n=50; control group: n=47); 60.8% were male with a mean±sd age of 68.7±8.5 years, and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) 66.1±19.4% and FEV1/forced vital capacity 55.2±9.5%. Both groups had comparable characteristics at baseline. The pedometer group had significantly greater improvements in: physical activity 3080±3254 steps·day−1versus 138.3±1950 steps·day−1 (p<0.001); SGRQ −8.8±12.2 versus −3.8±10.9 (p=0.01); CAT score −3.5±5.5 versus −0.6±6.6 (p=0.001); and 6MWD 12.4±34.6 versus −0.7±24.4 m (p=0.02) than patients receiving activity encouragement only.A simple physical activity enhancement programme using pedometers can effectively improve physical activity level and quality of life in COPD patients.

Chronisch-obstruktive Lungenerkrankung: Sicherheit und Effektivität der endoskopischen Lungenvolumenreduktion durch Einlage von Ventilen

2019 ◽  
pp. IV-V
Author(s):  
Axel Tobias Kempa
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Medical Management ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Airflow Obstruction ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Severe Emphysema ◽  
Novel Approach

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has become a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in China, with tobacco smoke, air pollution, and occupational biohazards being the major risk factors. Objectives: The REACH trial is a multicenter, prospective, randomized controlled trial undertaken in China to assess the safety and effectiveness of the Spiration® Valve System (SVS) compared to standard medical care in COPD patients with severe emphysema. Methods: Patients with severe airflow obstruction, hyperinflation, and severe dyspnea with interlobar fissure integrity were evaluated for enrollment. A total of 107 subjects were randomized in a 2: 1 allocation ratio to either the treatment group (SVS valves and medical management) or the control group (medical management alone). Results: The 3-month primary endpoint showed statistically significant improvement in forced expiratory volume in 1 s in the treatment group compared to the control group (0.104 ± 0.18 vs. 0.003 ± 0.15 L, p = 0.001), with the difference being durable through 6 months. Statistically significant target lobe volume reduction was achieved at 3 months (mean change 684.4 ± 686.7 mL) and through 6 months (757.0 ± 665.3 mL). Exercise function and quality of life measures improved in the treatment group, but showed a deterioration in the control group. The serious adverse event (SAE) rate was 33% in the treatment group and 24.2% in the control group. The predominance of SAEs were acute exacerbations of COPD in both groups. There was 1 death in the control group and no deaths in the treatment group. Conclusion: The SVS represents a novel approach for the treatment of severe emphysema with a clinically acceptable risk-benefit profile.

scholarly journals Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients and steroids: benefit or harm

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 2247
Author(s):  
Abdul Hamid Khan ◽  
Mehwish Majeed
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Function Tests

Background: Corticosteroids are being widely used in conditions related to allergy and inflammation. There are great species differences in the responses to glucocorticoids that mean a “steroid resistant” species. Steroids have profound effect on inflammatory response by way of vasoconstriction, decreased chemotaxis and interference with macrophages. There still are enormous gaps in our knowledge of the action of glucocorticosteroids in patients of chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD).Methods: This study was done in the department of general medicine at SKIMS, Srinagar from December 2017 to December 2018 on patients of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. A total number of 100 patients were enrolled for the study but 20 patients, 10 from each group lost their follow up. To see the effect of steroids on pulmonary function tests, patients were divided into case and control group. Patients in case group were given prednisolone 30 mg orally for two week (tapering dose). Patients in control group were given placebo for the same duration of two weeks. Steroid response was defined as 15% improvement in baseline forced expiratory volume (FEV).Results: Steroid response was defined as 15% increase in forced expiratory volume in one second/forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) after receiving tapering dose of prednisone 30 mg for 2 weeks, no patients in case group showed increase in FEV1/FVC of 15%. The change in pulmonary function tests was comparable in each group (p>0.5).Conclusions: The change in pulmonary function tests were comparable in each group (p>0.5). So, steroids in stable patients of COPD are best to be avoided.

scholarly journals Peculiarities of inflammatory process and markers of inflammation in patients with bronchial asthma and COPD

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 44-58
Author(s):  
G B Fedoseev ◽  
V I Trofimov ◽  
V G Timchik ◽  
K V Negrutsa ◽  
E V Gorovneva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Bronchitis ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation ◽  
Predicted Values

The investigation concerned the diagnostic value of following inflammation markers in patients with mild or moderate bronchial asthma (BA), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), chronic bronchitis and pneumonia: expired air nitric oxide (Feno) and serum levels of α 1-antitripsin and neutrophilic elastase. 93 patients were included: 6 with mild BA, 11 - with moderate BA, 17 - with mild BA and chronic bronchitis, 25 - with moderate BA and COPD, 25 - with COPD, 9 - with pneumonia. The control group consisted of 21 healthy donors. We revealed that Feno, α 1-antitripsin and neutrophilic elasthase indicate the presence of the inflammation: Feno elevation mostly related to allelrgic one, α 1-antitripsin and neutrophilic elasthase - to infection-dependent inflammation. Treatmentinduced remission of the disease leads to the decrease of α 1-antitripsin and neutrophilic elasthase, but levels are not reaching the normal values. This confirms the presence of airways inflammation during clinical remission of the disease. Elevated levels of α 1-antitripsin and neutrophilic elasthase are associated with the decreased forced expiratory volume during the first second (FEV 1 - % to the predicted values).

scholarly journals Diagnostic Value of the Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) and Platelet-to-Lymphocyte Ratio (PLR) in Various Respiratory Diseases: A Retrospective Analysis

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Milena-Adina Man ◽  
Lavinia Davidescu ◽  
Nicoleta-Stefania Motoc ◽  
Ruxandra-Mioara Rajnoveanu ◽  
Cosmina-Ioana Bondor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interstitial Lung Disease ◽  
Lung Disease ◽  
Diagnostic Test ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Neutrophil To Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Lymphocyte Ratio ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte (PLR) ratio are two extensively used inflammatory markers that have been proved very useful in evaluating inflammation in several diseases. The present article aimed to investigate if they have any value in distinguishing among various respiratory disorders. One hundred and forty-five patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), 219 patients with different chronic respiratory diseases (interstitial lung disease, obstructive sleep apnea(OSA)-chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) overlap syndrome, bronchiectasis) and 161 healthy individuals as a control group were included in the study. While neither NLR nor PLR had any power in differentiating between various diseases, PLR was found to be significant but poor as a diagnostic test when the control group was compared with the OSA-COPD group. NLR was found to be significant but poor as a diagnostic test when we compared the control group with all three groups (separately): the OSA-COPD group; interstitial lung disease group, and bronchiectasis group. NLR and PLR had poor power to discriminate between various respiratory diseases and cannot be used in making the differential diagnosis.

Pulmonary function severity in relation to interleukin-23 levels in patients with psoriasis vulgaris

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasann Saranya ◽  
Saranya Kuppusamy ◽  
Pravati Pal ◽  
Munisamy Malathi ◽  
Medha Rajappa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Expiratory Flow ◽  
Interleukin 23

AbstractBackgroundInterleukin-23 (IL-23), a key inflammatory regulator in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, is suspected to play a role in the onset of pulmonary dysfunction (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) in psoriasis. Despite that, pulmonary function tests are rarely studied in these subjects. This study aims to seek a possible relation between pulmonary function in psoriasis patients serum IL-23.MethodsFor this analytical cross-sectional study, male psoriasis patients in the age group of 25–45 years were recruited from dermatology out patient department (n = 40). Age and BMI matched apparently healthy individuals were recruited as control group (n = 40). After obtaining demographic and personal details, anthropometric parameters and blood pressure were recorded. The severity of psoriasis was assessed using Psoriasis Area and Severity Index score. Pulmonary function was assessed using computerized spirometry, and serum IL-23 was measured using ELISA.ResultsForced vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 1 s, peak expiratory flow rate, and forced expiratory flow at 25%–75% of the pulmonary volume (FEF25%–75%) were significantly reduced in psoriasis. Based on the percentage of predicted values FEF25%–75% was significantly reduced in psoriasis. Serum IL-23 (pg/mL) was significantly higher in psoriasis. The increase in IL-23 in psoriasis subjects does not correlate with their pulmonary function.ConclusionsPsoriasis may be associated with a reduced lung function even when the disease is in the mild stage. Increased IL-23 found in these subjects is suggestive of systemic inflammation, which indirectly lowers lung function.

scholarly journals Effect of Liuzijue Exercise Combined with Elastic Band Resistance Exercise on Patients with COPD: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weibing Wu ◽  
Xiaodan Liu ◽  
Peijun Li ◽  
Ning Li ◽  
Zhenwei Wang
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Exercise Group ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Elastic Band

Objectives. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Liuzijue exercise combined with elastic band resistance exercise on patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) to provide a convenient, safe, and cost-effective exercise. Methods. Subjects were randomly divided into the control group (CG), the Liuzijue exercise group (LG), and the Liuzijue exercise combined with elastic band resistance exercise group (LEG), with 20 patients in each group. The LG performed Liuzijue exercise six times a week (two exercise sessions in the hospital and four exercise sessions at home). The LEG includes Liuzijue exercise similar to the LG and elastic band resistance exercise three times a week, with elastic band exercise implemented after Liuzijue exercise. Spirometry, 6-minute walking test (6MWT), 30-second sit-to-stand test (30 s SST), handgrip strength test, and St. George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) were performed at baseline and at the end of intervention. Results. After six-month intervention, the forced expiratory volume in 1 second (% predicted), 6-minute walking distance (6MWD), 6MWD%pred, 30 s SST, and SGRQ were significantly improved in the intervention groups (p < 0.01) and handgrip strength was increased significantly in the LG and LEG (p = 0.03 and p = 0.001, respectively). Furthermore, improvements in 6MWD and SGRQ were distinguished in the intervention groups compared with the CG (p < 0.01). No difference was significant in all of the outcomes between the LG and the LEG. Conclusions. The intervention program of Liuzijue exercise combined with elastic band resistance exercise and Liuzijue exercise only has beneficial effects on COPD patients especially in the aspect of exercise capacity and quality of life.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document