scholarly journals Perception and Attitude of Maxillofacial Surgeons towards in-Clinic Counselling on Tobacco Cessation in Tertiary Hospitals in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 177-185
Author(s):  
Olasunkanmi Funmilola Kuye ◽  
Olufemi Olagundoye ◽  
Adeola Mofoluwake Ladeji
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Tobacco Cessation ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Perceptions And Attitudes ◽  
Tertiary Hospitals ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Study Participants

Cigarettes and other forms of tobacco are known to be highly addictive, the use and production of which are on the rise. Tobacco use is a risk factor in the development of diseases especially oral cancer, affects negatively wound healing in maxillofacial surgical procedure, and periodontal therapies. Therefore, the need for tobacco cessation programs on patients among Maxillofacial surgeons and the trainees is necessary. Objectives- This is to assess the perception, attitude, and the influence of age, gender, duration of practice, and environment/religion on the cessation counseling carried out by Oral & Maxillofacial surgeons Methods- A prospective questionnaire-based study. A survey was carried out by sending validated, structured self-administered pretested questionnaires to Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery trainees and specialists in tertiary hospitals in different parts (North, South, and West) of Nigeria. The questionnaire assessed perceptions and attitudes- of the respondent, as well as the influence of age, gender, duration of practice, and environment/religion on in-clinic tobacco cessation. Results- A total of 44 individuals participated in the study. More respondents from senior registrars 19(43%), and with the majority from the Teaching Hospital 33(75%) out of the three cadres of institutions where the survey was done. Male to female ratio of respondents was 1:2.1, with the mean age of the participants 36.7. All agreed to the need for tobacco cessation counseling among Oral & Maxillofacial surgeons, only 37(84.1%) believe that in-clinic counseling will significantly reduce the prevalence of oral cancer. Age groups, sex, religion, designation, and the years in practice have a significant relationship with the participant perception-related question p=0.001, as well the like use of religious and professional techniques in counseling smokers (p<0.05). The gender of study participants had a significant influence on their perception of the need for in-clinic tobacco cessation counseling. Conclusion- Tobacco cessation program within the health institutions is tested and an affirmed avenue to stop or reduce the associated risk factors with substance use. Therefore, need for policymakers in health sectors to organize training programs for Maxillofacial surgeons. Key words: Oral & Maxillofacial surgeons, Tobacco cessation, attitude, and perceptions, in-clinic counseling.

Clinico-epidemiologic review of 91 cases of non-odontogenic sarcomas of the orofacial region in a Nigerian population

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
ROWLAND AGBARA ◽  
BENJAMIN FOMETE ◽  
KELVIN OMEJE ◽  
POLYCARP ONYEBUCHI
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Osteogenic Sarcoma ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Oncological Treatment ◽  
Orofacial Region ◽  
Surgery Department

Introduction: Sarcomas are a rare group of malignant tumors. This study highlights important findings in 91 cases of non-odontogenic sarcomas of the orofacial region. Materials and Methods: Patients who presented with orofacial sarcoma at the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department of a regional University Teaching Hospital between January 1997 and June 2017 were retrospectively studied. Excluded were cases of Kaposi and odontogenic sarcomas. Data obtained were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Results from descriptive statistics were represented in the form of charts. Results: A total of 91 cases were reviewed and consisted of 51 (56.0%) males and 40 (44.0%) females, with a male to female ratio of 1.3:1. The mandible (n=47; 51.6%) and the maxilla (n=26; 28.6%) were the major sites involved. Osteogenic sarcoma (n=44; 48.4%) and rhabdomyosarcoma (n=16; 17.6%) occurred more frequently. A total of 41 (45.1%) patients had surgery and the common hard tissue procedures were mandibulectomy (n=26; 28.6%) and maxillectomy (n=10; 11.0%). Non-surgical oncological treatment was administered to 32 (35.2%) patients, and this was the only modality of treatment in 8 (8.8%) cases. The period of follow-up Arranged from 1-43 months and within this period; there were 7 (17.1%) recurrences with 1 case of pulmonary metastasis. Discussion: Most recurrences were noted less than one-year post-treatment. There is a tendency for patients to present late and compliance with follow up review is poor in this environment.

scholarly journals Maxillofacial tumors and tumor-like lesions : a retrospective analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Amirul Islam ◽  
M Ahmed Hossain ◽  
Sabrina Binte Rahman ◽  
Md Ali Kawser ◽  
Md Shamsur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Dentigerous Cyst ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Malignant Tumours ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Odontogenic Tumours ◽  
Benign Tumours ◽  
Tumor Like Lesions

Background: This paper reviews the types, prevalence and demographic distribution of maxillofacial tumors, cysts and tumor-like lesions in a Bangladeshiteaching Hospital.An observational descriptive study (January’ 2014 to December’ 2016) was performed at Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery depart- ment, Dental Unit,TMSS Medical College and Hospital. This study presents 55 cases of maxillofacial tumour & tumour like lesions collected over 3 years at a tertiary oral care centre in Bogra, Bangla- desh.Objectives:To find out the distribution & pattern of maxillofacial tumours and to find out the age, sex, site, clinical presentation and thehistological types of these tumors Method: A cross sectional descriptive study where the Histopathological types of the maxillofacial tumours were analyzed to indicate the numbers that occurred and also the pattern of occurrence according to age, gender, site and clinical presentation.Result: There were 55 maxillofacial tumour & tumour like lesions of which 44 (80.01%) were Benign tumours & 11 (19.81%) were malignant tumours. Among Eighteen histo- pathologic types were found of which Squamous cell carcinoma (18.18%), Ameloblastoma (16.36%), Odontogenic keratocystic tumour (10.90%), Dentigerous cyst (7.27%)& Radicular cyst (7.27%) were predominant. The male to female ratio was 1.29:1. Patients were between 10 years and 72 years with most patients (27.27%) in 51 to 60 years of life. Case presented with symptoms such as swelling (41.96%), pain (28.82%) and loosetooth (17.12%).Conclusion: Both malignant and benign tumours are seen. In the present study, SCC and ameloblastoma were the commonest malignant and benign odontogenic tumours seen respectively; the two representing more than 34.54% of all tumors.Tumour & tumour like lesions of the oral & maxillofacial region with late presentation still remains the main challenging factor in the early detection & management. Surgery was the main modality used for treat- ment while some patients had no treatment due to self discharge and late presentation.Update Dent. Coll. j: 2018; 8 (1): 22-28

Association between clinical stage of oral cancer and expression of immunohistochemical markers

2017 ◽  
Vol 89 (6) ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
Wojciech Świątkowski ◽  
Mansur Rahnama ◽  
Tomasz Tomaszewski ◽  
Mariola Bigas ◽  
Agnieszka Świątkowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Tumor Staging ◽  
P53 Protein ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Protein Markers

Aim: The aim of this study is to demonstrate the possible correlation between the expression of examined protein markers - p53, EGFR, PCNA, p44/42 in the mass of the tumor and the clinical stage of disease. Material: 48 patients of the Department and Clinic of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Lublin diagnosed with oral cancer. The control group consisted of 10 patients diagnosed with leukoplakia lesions in the oral cavity. The methods: Immunohistochemical analysis using the detection system DAKO K5007 Cat - Dako REAL ™ Detection System, Peroxidase DAB +, Rabbit / Mouse. Results: Based upon the statistical results, significant correlation between p53 protein and tumor staging; however, a correlation between the level of expression of EGFR, p44/42, PCNA and staging was not likewise revealed. Conclusions: Looking for oral squamous cell carcinoma markers remains an actual issue. Identification of specific markers of oral cancer could be used in screening the population, determining prognosis and response to treatment.

scholarly journals Etiology, pattern and outcome of management of facial lacerations in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Karpal Singh Sohal ◽  
Jeremiah Robert Moshy
Keyword(s):  
Road Traffic ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Soft Tissue Injury ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
Road Traffic Crash ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Muhimbili National Hospital ◽  
National Hospital ◽  
Female Ratio

Background: Facial laceration is amongst the commonly encountered soft tissue injury in the care of the traumatized patients, and its optimal treatment is important for minimizing subsequent complications. This study aimed at determining the etiology, pattern, and outcome of management of facial lacerations among patients attended at Muhimbili National Hospital, Tanzania. Methods: This was a four months’ prospective study of all consecutive patients with facial lacerations who were attended in the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery of the Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH). The variables examined included socio-demographic characteristics, etiology of a facial laceration, prior management before referral to MNH, and the outcome of treatment. The data were analysed using IBM SPSS statistics for windows version 22 (Armonk, NY: IBM Corp) software. Results: Seventy-six patients with facial lacerations were included in the study. The male to female ratio was 8:1. The age of the patients ranged from 16 to 57 years, with a mean age of 31.63 ± 10.02 years. Motor traffic crashes (51, 67.1%), violence (18, 23.7%) and falls (7, 9.2%) were the etiological factors. The commonest affected facial esthetic zones were forehead (25, 32.9%), and the upper lip (24, 31.6%). The majority (60%) of wounds that were sutured/repaired in other health facilities prior to referral to MNH had a poor approximation of wound edges. Scarring was the commonest complication. Conclusion: Facial laceration affected males eight times more than females. Road traffic crash was the most common etiological factor. The forehead was the most frequently affected facial esthetic zone. The majority of patients treated in other health facilities prior to referral to a tertiary hospital had poorly approximated wound edges. Scarring was the most common complication of facial lacerations.

Intraoperative Use of Ultrasonography in the Reduction of Zygomatico-Maxillary Complex Fractures

2021 ◽  
pp. 194338752110291
Author(s):  
Jagdish Eswari ◽  
C. Ravindran ◽  
C. Deepak
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Complex Fractures ◽  
Maxilla And Mandible ◽  
And Control ◽  
Infraorbital Rim

Study Design: A single blind randomized controlled study. Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the use of ultrasonography intraoperatively to assess the reduction of unilateral zygomatic complex fractures with a control group using the conventional blind digit palpation. Methods: The study comprised of a sample size of 24 patients with 21 male and 3 female patients. Patients of all age groups diagnosed with unilateral displaced zygomatic complex fracture with or without mandible fracture were included in the study. The subjects were randomized into study and control groups based on a standard protocol with a total of 24 patients. Imaging was in the form of a preoperative and postoperative 3D computed tomography scan with reconstruction of the maxilla and mandible to interpret the diagnosis for all subjects. The inter-fracture distance of the fractured infraorbital rim were measured in 3 dimensions (antero-posterior, medio-lateral and supero-inferior) and compared pre and postoperatively. Preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative ultrasonographic examination was performed and recorded on all patients at the frontozygomatic region, infraorbital rim and zygomatic buttress to assess the proximity of the fractured margins pre reduction, post reduction and post fixation of the fracture segments. Result: Statistical analytic results were significant in all 3 dimensions when measured postoperatively using computed tomography. Conclusion: Ultrasonography is an effective screening and intraoperative tool in the armamentarium of oral and maxillofacial surgery to assess zygomatic complex fractures, avoiding incisions in aesthetic areas of the maxillofacial region.

scholarly journals Assessing the mastery of local anesthesia by students by evaluating the amount used for single tooth extraction

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL3) ◽  
pp. 760-764
Author(s):  
Balaji V ◽  
Mahathi ◽  
Sreedevi Dharman
Keyword(s):  
Local Anesthesia ◽  
Tooth Extraction ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Treatment Experience ◽  
Single Tooth ◽  
Chi Square Test

Local anesthesia is more commonly used in dentistry to facilitate a painless treatment experience for a patient during surgical procedures involving bone and soft tissue. Hence, to facilitate a painless treatment experience for a patient should know ideal requirements before administering a dose. This study aims to assess the mastery of local anesthesia by students by evaluating the amount used for single tooth extraction. In this retrospective study, data were obtained from hospital records. The study aimed to evaluate the mastery of local anesthesia by students by evaluating the amount used for single tooth extraction. The data was obtained from the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery from June 2019 - April 2020. A total of 2100 patient details were evaluated. The current study is done in a university setting. Ethical approval was obtained. The collected data were tabulated and statistically analysed using SPSS software (Version 21: IBM Corporation NY USA). Descriptive statistics (frequencies and percentages) were calculated to explore the general features of the data. Pearson chi square test was done to statistically analyze the data. Patients of all age groups were included in this study. Around 14.5% of the patients were below 30 years, 40.7% of the patients were between the age of 30-50 years, and 55.2% of the patients were above 50 years old. Around 95.9%, 3.1%, 0.9% and 0.1 % were administered with 2, 3, 4 and 5 ml respectively, of which 55% and 45% were male and female patients respectively. Within the limits of this study, 95.9% were administered with 2ml for extracting a single tooth. 95.9% use ideal recommended dose and concentration for performing a single tooth extraction.

scholarly journals Assessment of the degree of agreement between the judgment of tracheotomy score and the clinician: a retrospective analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsushi Abe ◽  
Kenichi Kurita ◽  
Yu Ito ◽  
Hiroki Hayashi ◽  
Eri Umemura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Airway Management ◽  
Clinical Judgment ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Scoring Systems ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Experienced Surgeon ◽  
Clinical Scoring ◽  
Oral Malignancy ◽  
Clinical Records

Abstract Background: In oral cancer surgery, the decision to tracheotomize is often determined based on the experience of the surgeon. Sometimes, tracheotomy may be performed for cases that may not necessarily require tracheotomy. For such cases, safety is achieved by airway management, but the patients are exposed to tracheotomy-related complications. Several evaluation methods have been reported to predict the need for selective tracheotomy in patients with oral cancer. In this study, we investigated the competency of clinical scoring systems in identifying patients who require tracheotomy among the oral malignancy cases treated with surgery in our department, and examined the degree of agreement between the surgeon’s decision and the scores of various scoring systems. Methods: This study was conducted on 110 patients with oral cancer who were treated with surgery under general anesthesia in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nagoya Ekisaikai Hospital, between January 2007 and April 2018. Among them, 67 patients (44 male and 23 female), who were managed by resection and reconstruction, were retrospectively analyzed. To derive the score, we evaluated the endpoint of these indices from clinical records and images. We divided the patients, based on the Cameron and Gupta scores, into two groups: tracheotomy and no tracheotomy groups, and evaluated the degree of agreement by calculating the κ coefficient. Results: After the assessment, the κ coefficients of the Gupta and Cameron scores were 0.61 (95% CI, 0.4-0.82) and 0.6 (95% CI, 0.38-0.82), respectively. The clinical evaluation of the κ coefficient indicated that the Gupta and Cameron scores agreed substantially. Discussion: These score matched the decision of the surgeon and confirmed that it was able to be applied to the decision of the airway management. However, these values are affected by prevalence. When unilateral total neck dissection and resection of the primary lesion were performed, though it was high-risk, the score was low, and an evaluation contradicted it. Conclusions: In this study, the Cameron and Gupta scores agreed with the decision of the experienced surgeon to some extent, and were confirmed to adapt to the clinical judgment.

Mouth Cancer: the Maxillofacial Surgeon's perspective

Dental Update ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (10) ◽  
pp. 831-838
Author(s):  
Alexander MC Goodson ◽  
Satyesh Parmar ◽  
Prav Praveen ◽  
Matthew Idle ◽  
Timothy Martin
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Treatment Phase ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Early Management ◽  
Dental Practitioner ◽  
General Dental Practitioner ◽  
Dental Practitioners ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgeon ◽  
Surgical Treatments

This article summarizes current practice according to UK guidelines for the management of oral cancer from the perspective of the oral and maxillofacial surgeon. The article discusses the patient pathway, starting with recognition of sinister features by the general dental practitioner in primary care and referral to specialist oral and maxillofacial surgery services, followed by the multidisciplinary approach to tumour staging, cancer treatment planning and delivery, and finally key issues in the ‘post-treatment’ phase of cancer care. Additional focus is provided for some of the surgical treatments and anatomical and physiological changes, of which the general dental practitioner should have some understanding. CPD/Clinical Relevance: General dental practitioners play a key role in the detection and early management of oral cancer, referring approximately 40% of all cases to secondary care. It is therefore important to understand key milestones and technical elements of the patient's journey.

scholarly journals Comparison of Insertion of the Modified i-gel Airway for Oral Surgery With the LMA Flexible: A Manikin Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 61 (4) ◽  
pp. 145-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuro Sanuki ◽  
Shingo Sugioka ◽  
Nobuyasu Komasawa ◽  
Ryusuke Ueki ◽  
Yoshiroh Kaminoh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
Oral Surgery ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Insertion Time ◽  
High Success Rate ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Manikin Study ◽  
Study Participants

Abstract We previously modified the i-gel airway to enable its use in the field of oral and maxillofacial surgery and reported its fabrication methods. In general, the standard i-gel airway is quick to insert and has a high success rate, but the modified i-gel airway has yet to be assessed for these attributes. We, therefore, set out to compare the ease of insertion of the modified i-gel airway with the LMA Flexible to investigate the usefulness of the modified i-gel airway. The study participants, who included 20 new interns with no experience using either the LMA Flexible or the modified i-gel airway, inserted each device 3 times into an intubation practice manikin. The variables measured in this study were insertion time and rate of successful insertions. Mean insertion time over 3 attempts was significantly shorter for the modified i-gel™ airway (18.9 ± 4.7 seconds) than the LMA Flexible (24.9 ± 5.1 seconds, P &lt; .001). The rate of successful insertions as a total of all 3 attempts was significantly higher for the modified i-gel airway (56/60 times, 93.3%) than the LMA Flexible (45/60 times, 75%; P = .012). When used by an inexperienced operator, the modified i-gel™ airway is faster and has a higher success rate than the LMA Flexible, suggesting that it can be easily manipulated during insertion.

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