scholarly journals CHANGES IN PHOSPHORUS-CALCIUM METABOLISM IN EXPERIMENTAL HYPOTHYROIDISM

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (34) ◽  
pp. 303-310
Author(s):  
Timur Irekovich GANEEV ◽  
Milyausha Fauzievna KABIROVA ◽  
Renat Ramizovich YUNUSOV ◽  
Marina Vladimirovna GALIULLINA
Keyword(s):  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Calcium Metabolism ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Magnesium Content ◽  
Femoral Diaphysis ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Intragastric Administration ◽  
Tnf Α

The aim of this work was to study changes in the state of phosphorus-calcium metabolism, indicators of certain hormones, cytokine profile, and histological structure of bone tissue in experimental hypothyroidism in rats. Experimental hypothyroidism was caused by daily intragastric administration of Thiamazole in a dose of 2.5 mg / 100 g body weight for 21 days. The colorimetric method was used to determine blood serum calcium, phosphorus, and magnesium content. Bone metabolism markers, thyrotropin level, total T3 and T4, testosterone, follicle-stimulating (FSH) and luteinizing (LH) hormones, parathyroid hormone (PTH), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and -6 (IL-6), necrosis factor tumors-alpha (TNF-α) were studied using an enzyme immunoassay. To determine the histological structure of bone tissue, prepared sections of the femoral diaphysis were studied under a microscope of the MZ-300 series (Austria). It was found that hypothyroidism development is confirmed by decreased content of thyroxine and triiodothyronine on the background of the increased secretion of thyroidstimulating hormone. Experimental hypothyroidism is accompanied by a decrease in the concentration of bone alkaline phosphatase in the blood serum while maintaining the collagen C-terminal telopeptides type 1, reflecting impaired remodeling processes, there is also a decrease in testosterone secretion, an increase in gonadotropins, parathyroid hormone, pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α). Signs characteristic for the developing dysplastic osteoporosis are histologically revealed in the diaphysis of the tubular bones.

scholarly journals Beneficial Effect of Dimethyl Fumarate on Experimental Autoimmune Uveitis is Dependent of Pro-Inflammatory Markers Immunomodulation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chafia TOUIL-BOUKOFFA ◽  
Moussa Labsi ◽  
Imene Soufli ◽  
Houda Belguendouz ◽  
Sara Djebbara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Intragastric Administration ◽  
Autoimmune Uveitis ◽  
Experimental Autoimmune Uveoretinitis ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Experimental Autoimmune

Abstract Autoimmune uveitis is an inflammatory disease of the eye and is one of the major causes of blindness worldwide. Experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (EAU) constitutes an animal disease model of human endogenous uveitis. In our study, we investigated the immunomodulatory effect of Dimethylfumarate (DMF) using bovine retinal extract-induced uveitis in a Female Wistar rats. To evaluate the in vivo efficacy, Female Wistar rats were divided into 7 experimental groups: control group (n = 5), consisting of non-immunized animals; Uveoretinitis (n = 5), and DMF/Uveoretinitis groups (n = 15), which received a subcutaneous injection of bovine retinal extract emulsified in complete Freund’s adjuvant; MC group (n = 5), treated by daily intragastric administration of methylcellulose 0.08% in tap water; DMF group, consisting of control positive group, rats received daily oral gavage administration of 500 µL of Dimethylfumarate at 100mg/Kg dissolved in 0.08% methylcellulose in tap water (n = 5). On days 14 post immunization, the rats were then euthanized and associated indications were investigated to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy. Nitric oxide (NO) and TNF-α were assessed in plasma. Meanwhile, eyes were collected for histological and immunohistochemical studies. The retinal expression of iNOS, CD68, CD20, CD25, CD4, and CD8 was examined. Interestingly, DMF enhanced a significant reduction of NO and TNF-α production in the treated group. This effect was strongly related to the histological structure of eyes improvement. In the same context, a significant decrease of iNOS, CD68, and CD20 expression and CD25 increase expression were reported in retinal tissue of DMF/Uveoretinitis group in comparison to the immunized group. Collectively, our results indicate that DMF treatment has a beneficial effect in experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis and could constitute a good candidate for monitoring an ocular inflammatory diseases.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF CHRONIC NON-GASEOUS ACIDOSIS ON BONE TISSUE

2021 ◽  
pp. 58-63
Author(s):  
Yu. V. Perepelytsia ◽  
L. M. Zakhartseva ◽  
V. A. Mikhnev ◽  
Ia. A. Ushko
Keyword(s):  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Collagen Degradation ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histological Structure ◽  
Organic Basis ◽  
Intragastric Administration ◽  
Type I ◽  
Intercellular Matrix

The urgency of the problem is due to the high prevalence among the population in all countries of the world and socio-economic losses associated with serious complications of osteoporosis. Chronic non-gaseous acidosis leads to disruption of many metabolic processes, which causes dysfunction of some organs, namely, can lead to decreased kidney function, exacerbate cardiovascular disease, the development of osteoporosis. Different types of non-gaseous acidosis are accompanied by changes in protein metabolism, which lead to the development of osteoporosis. Aim: to study the structural features of the bone tissue of the femur in chronic non-gaseous acidosis. Methods. The experiments were carried out on 60 intact white outbred male rats weighing 120-180 g, which were kept on a balanced diet of vivarium. Chronic non-gaseous acidosis was simulated by daily intragastric administration with a probe for 60 days 20 mmol/kg NH4CL. The control animals were injected with the same amount of tap water. Histological examination and osteometry were used to study the structure, length and thickness of the rat femur. Free, bound, and total oxyproline in rat urine was determined by biochemical method. Results. In chronic non-gaseous acidosis after 6 months there is a tendency to reduce the length and thickness of the femur, but does not differ significantly from the control group. In the urine of rats of the experimental group, the total oxyproline increases mainly due to an increase in free oxyproline, which indicates the predominance of collagen degradation over repair. The histological structure of the bone is disturbed due to the thinning of the bone beams, the intercellular matrix is disorganized, in some places there is its "defibering" with the formation of foci of destruction and cylindrical "lumens". There is a violation of the crystalline structure of bone tissue, its uneven calcification, the formation of cracks in the bone beams. Studied literature sources and our research indicate that chronic non-gaseous acidosis has a pathogenic effect on the histological structure of bone. Acidosis is a stress factor that increases the level of glucocorticoids. Glucocorticoids inhibit type I collagen synthesis and increase the expression of collagenase 3, which promotes collagen degradation. Collagen is a source of amino acids that are the substrate for renal ammoniogenesis. Renal ammoniogenesis is a compensatory mechanism in chronic non-gaseous acidosis, which required for restores the normal ratio between fixed cations and anions blood plasma. Thus, the violation of the organic basis of bones is the body's adaptation to chronic non-gaseous acidosis. Conclusions. Chronic non-gaseous acidosis simultaneously leads to thinning and disorganization of the intercellular matrix, disruption of the crystal structure of bone tissue, which indicates its important role in the development of osteoporosis. In chronic non-gaseous acidosis, the concentration of oxyproline in the urine increases, which is a marker of the destruction of collagen in the organic matrix of bone.

scholarly journals Макроелементний обмін у лошат за гіперкальцитонінемії

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (77) ◽  
pp. 80-85
Author(s):  
O. Bodiako ◽  
V. Golovakha ◽  
M. Tyshkivskyi ◽  
A. Shcherbatyi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Calcium Metabolism ◽  
Later Life ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ionized Calcium ◽  
Total Calcium ◽  
Physiological Range ◽  
Calcium Phosphorus ◽  
Almost All

The changes of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium foals for hypercalcitoninemia was studied. In the first months of life calcium metabolism were altered. During the first month of life the majority of foals (85.7 percent) is hypocalcemia. Obviously, it is physiological, because in this period of life calcitonin promotes in osteocytes inhibition of enzymes that break down bone tissue to ensure the consolidation of the skeleton. In later life foals for hypercalcitoninemia hypocalcemia was observed less in one - and two-month old she was found in 57.1% of the foals; in three - to five-month old – at 42.9%. In the six-month old foals, values of total calcium in blood serum were within the physiological range (2.15–of 2.63 mmol/l). Relatively ionized calcium, its content in foals for hypercalcitoninemia was practically the same during the whole period of studies (0.96 ± 0.019 mmol/l in first day of life – 1.0 ± 0.014 mmol/l at six months of age). The proportion of the ionized form of macroelements to total calcium was stable and ranged from 48.8 per cent after the birth to 47.0% in 5 months old. Only six-month foals she was the lowest and amounted to 43.0% of the content of total calcium in serum. The other macroelements – phosphorus and magnesium in foals with hypercalcitoninemia were not significantly different from animals with physiological quantities of the hormone. In particular, the content of phosphorus, regardless of age, almost all animals were within the range of 0.9 to 1.18 mmol/l (only in some animal figures were less – 0.81–0.76 mmol/l). The content of magnesium in the blood serum of foals with hypercalcitoninemia was in the range of 0.91 – of 1.16 mmol/l.

PARATHYROID HORMONE SECRETION IN DISORDERS OF CALCIUM METABOLISM STUDIED BY MEANS OF EDTA

1974 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 286-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Lockefeer ◽  
W. H. L. Hackeng ◽  
J. C. Birkenhäger
Keyword(s):  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Primary Hyperparathyroidism ◽  
Calcium Metabolism ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Parathyroid Tissue ◽  
Small Mass ◽  
Idiopathic Hypercalciuria ◽  
List Type ◽  
Immunoreactive Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Pth Level

ABSTRACT In 22 of 28 cases of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHP) the rise in the serum immunoreactive parathyroid hormone (IRPTH or PTH) level observed in response to lowering of the serum calcium by EDTA, exceeded that obtained in 8 control subjects. In 5 of these 22 patients who were studied again after parathyroidectomy the supranormal response was abolished. Fifteen of these 22 hyper-responsive PHP patients had basal IRPTH levels not exceeding the highest level in the controls and that of other groups of patients investigated (idiopathic hypercalciuria, non-parathyroid hypercalcaemia, operated PHP). Fourteen of the 22 hyper-reactive patients with PHP did not show hypocalcaemia during the infusion of EDTA. The extent of the release of PTH elicited by EDTA in cases of PHP does not as yet allow a prediction of the amount of pathological parathyroid tissue present, although all the PHP patients showing a normal release of PTH had a relatively small mass of parathyroid tissue (up to about 1 g) subsequently removed. In 9 cases of nephrolithiasis (8 of whom had idiopathic hypercalciuria) and in 7 cases of non-parathyroid hypercalcaemia, a normal PTH release was found.

Evaluation of intact serum parathyroid hormone (PTH 1-84) in the diagnosis of disorders of calcium metabolism

1988 ◽  
Vol 117 (4_Suppl) ◽  
pp. S64-S65
Author(s):  
K. KRUSE ◽  
U. KRACHT ◽  
K. WOHLFART ◽  
U. KRUSE
Keyword(s):  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Calcium Metabolism ◽  
Serum Parathyroid Hormone

Creatinuria and Dynamics of Calcium Metabolism in Children in the Phase of Exacerbation of Bronchial Asthma

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
Vitalii B. Kaliberdenko ◽  
Shanmugaraj Kulanthaivel ◽  
Michael V. Shterenshis ◽  
Olga Y. Poleshchuk ◽  
Kadri Mametov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Picric Acid ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Creatine Kinase Activity ◽  
Biological Medium ◽  
Creatinine Concentration ◽  
Test Kit

: Bronchial asthma is one of the most common and severe diseases among children. The phenomenon of creatinuria (CU) in patients with bronchial asthma (BA) has been acknowledged for a relatively long time. Aims: The Aim of the research is to study the level of creatinuria, creatinemia, creatine kinase activity, and the concentration of calcium in biological medium (blood, saliva, urine) in children suffering from an intermittent and persistent form of asthma during the period of exacerbation. Material and methods:: The research consists of 102 children with asthma who were treated in inpatient department in Simferopol Clinic. The intermittent course of asthma was recorded in 49 children and a persistent course of asthma was recorded in 53 children. The subject of study was blood serum and daily urine of observed patients. The level of calcium in the biological medium was studied using the "Filisit" test kit (Dnipro) and the activity of the creatine kinase by test set "Lahma". The levels of creatine and creatinine were determined using a colorimetric method based on a color reaction with picric acid. Results and conclusion: : The analysis testifies that creatinuria in children with persistent BA is caused by the disorder of the phosphorylation process rather than the disorder of creatinin rephosphorylation synthesis, that is testified by the normal creatinine level. In children with persistent BA, there is а decrease of creatinine concentration in the blood serum and urine during the exacerbation period and early post exacerbation period. The low activity of creatinine kinase at the background of creatinine elimination is typical for the children in the phase of exacerbation of persistent form of BA, though its level remains to be sufficient for the synthesis of the necessary amount of creatinine phosphate. Conclusion: The processes of creatinuria and calciuria in children suffering from a persistent form of BA are interdependent, that is testified by the data of correlative analysis. In connection with this, it is possible to consider the change of calcium homeostasis in the pathogenesis of the disease as one of the causes of distributing the creatinine metabolism on the cellular level.

THE PROBLEM OF OSTEOPOROSIS IN MENOPAUSAL WOMEN AND POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-17
Author(s):  
Maiorova M.O.
Keyword(s):  
Hormone Therapy ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Calcium Metabolism ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Menopausal Hormone Therapy ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Treatment Of Osteoporosis ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Prevention And Treatment

41 women with osteoporosis were examined. The age of the examined people ranged from 50 to 60 years. All the women were postmenopausal. As a result of the study, it was found that the most effective management strategy for such patients is a combination of menopausal hormone therapy and non-hormonal drugs that affect calcium metabolism in bone tissue, improve its metabolism and reduce resorption. If there are contraindications to MGT, prevention and treatment of osteoporosis should also be carried out using the appointment of non-hormonal drugs. In this case, the use of ipriflavone is effective.

scholarly journals Angelica Polysaccharide Attenuates LPS-Induced Inflammation Response of Primary Dairy Cow Claw Dermal Cells Via NF-κB and MAPK Signaling Pathways

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengyue Tian ◽  
Ke Li ◽  
Ruonan Liu ◽  
Jinliang Du ◽  
Dongmin Zou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Dairy Cow ◽  
Colorimetric Method ◽  
Mapk Signaling ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Inflammatory Chemokines ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Dermal Cells ◽  
Mapk Signaling Pathways

Abstract Background: Laminitis, an inflammation of the claw laminae, is one of the major causes of bovine lameness, which can lead to enormous economic losses and animal welfare problems in dairy farms. Angelica polysaccharide (AP) is proved to possess anti-inflammatory properties. But the role of AP on inflammatory response of the claw dermal cells has not been reported. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of AP on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced primary claw dermal cells of dairy cow and clarify the potential mechanisms. In the current research, the primary claw dermal cells were exposed to gradient concentrations of AP (10, 50, 100 µg/mL) in the presence of 10 µg/mL LPS. The levels of cytokines and nitric oxide (NO) were detected with ELISA and Griess colorimetric method. The mRNA expressions of TLR4, MyD88 and chemokines were measured with qPCR. The activation of NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways was detected with western blotting.Results: The results indicated that AP reduced the production of inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and NO), downregulated the mRNA expression of TLR4, MyD88 and some pro-inflammatory chemokines (CCL2, CCL20, CXCL2, CXCL8, CXCL10), and suppressed the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways evidenced by inhibition of the phosphorylation of IκBα, p65 and ERK, JNK, p38.Conclusions: Our results demonstrated that AP may exert its anti-inflammatory effects on claw dermal cells of dairy cow by regulating the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways.

scholarly journals Comparative study on five kinds of cytokines in the tissues of Chinese giant salamander (Andrias davidianus) of different developmental stages

2021 ◽  
Vol 869 (1) ◽  
pp. 012067
Author(s):  
J Qian ◽  
X Y Zhai ◽  
L Guo ◽  
W G Chen ◽  
J J Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Blood Serum ◽  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Distribution Area ◽  
Andrias Davidianus ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Sandwich Method ◽  
Different Ages ◽  
Chinese Giant Salamander ◽  
Different Tissues

Abstract By using of the double antibody sandwich method of ELISA, the activities of five cytokines including IL-2, IL-4, IFN-α, IFN-β and TNF-α from the blood serum, liver, intestine and spleen at two developmental stages of Chinese giant salamander (Andrias davidianus) were determined to analyze the distribution of the cytokines. The result indicated that five cytokines were found in these four tissues, while their activities were different in different tissues and different ages. The highest activity of IL-2 and IL-4 was all present in blood serum of two different ages. The activity of IFN-α was the highest in blood serum of 1-year-old and in spleen of 2-year-old, respectively. The activity of IFN-β was also highest in blood serum of two different ages. The activity of TNF-α was highest in liver of two different ages. Thus, this study provides convincing reference for blood serum and liver as the most important distribution area of Chinese giant salamander.

scholarly journals Experimental Evaluation of the Impact of Gadolinium Orthovanadate GdVO4:Eu3+ Nanoparticles on the Carrageenan-Induced Intestinal Inflammation

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-24
Author(s):  
Anton S. Tkachenko ◽  
Galina I. Gubina-Vakulyck ◽  
Vladimir K. Klochkov ◽  
Nataliya S. Kavok ◽  
Anatolii I. Onishchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Intestinal Inflammation ◽  
Intestinal Morphology ◽  
Oral Exposure ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Small Intestinal ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Aim: To evaluate the effects of orally administered gadolinium orthovanadate GdVO4:Eu3+ nanoparticles (VNPs) on the course of chronic carrageenan-induced intestinal inflammation. Methods: Samples of small intestinal tissue were collected from four groups of rats (intact, after administration of VNPs, with carrageenaninduced intestinal inflammation, with carrageenan-induced intestinal inflammation orally exposed to VNPs) to assess the intestinal morphology and HSP90α expression. Levels of seromucoid, C-reactive protein, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-10 were determined in blood serum. Results: Oral exposure to VNPs was associated with neither elevation of inflammation markers in blood serum nor HSP90α overexpression in the small intestine, i.e. no toxic effects of VNPs were observed. Carrageenan-induced intestinal inflammation was accompanied by higher levels of TNF-α and IL-1β, as well as HSP90α upregulation in the intestinal mucosa, compared with controls. Administration of VNPs to rats with enteritis did not lead to statistically significant changes in concentrations of circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines with the trend towards their increase. Conclusion: No adverse effects were observed in rats orally exposed to VNPs at a dose of 20 μg/kg during two weeks. Using the experimental model of carrageenan-induced enteritis, it was demonstrated that VNPs at the dose used in our study did not affect the course of intestinal inflammation.

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