scholarly journals An Analysis of the Factors Contributing to Elephant Population Fluctuations in SWRA using Ranger-based Knowledge and Perceptions

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 43-60
Author(s):  
Mahakata I. ◽  
Mapaure I.
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Aerial Survey ◽  
Population Fluctuations ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Trophy Hunting ◽  
Inadequate Knowledge ◽  
Elephant Population ◽  
The Impact

This study aimed at examining local ranger-based knowledge and perceptions on explaining contributing factors to variations on elephant fluctuations seasonally and over a long period in Sengwa Wildlife Research Area following a massive decline of elephants by nearly 76% after the 2014 National Aerial Survey done in Sebungwe Region, Zimbabwe. Data were collected between 1st and 20th August 2020 using a purposive sampling approach administered to questionnaire to resident SWRA rangers (n = 25). Our results show that rangers considered a combination of factors that may have affected elephant fluctuations in SWRA including poaching, migration, settlement and impact of climate change. However, our results suggest that rangers had inadequate knowledge about elephant migration destinations. Moreover, mixed perceptions about the impact of trophy hunting, poaching and climate change-induced factors were recorded from the participants. The results contribute to a growing understanding of poaching, climate change, trophy hunting and human settlement on elephant behaviour. The study recommends improvement in elephant monitoring through investments in elephant collars and radio tracking to better understand elephant daily and seasonal dispersal movements.

scholarly journals Climate Change and Nutrition Security in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 1853-1860
Author(s):  
MO Ifeanacho ◽  
HO Okudu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Atmospheric Temperature ◽  
Coastal Flooding ◽  
Nutrition Security ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Rural Livelihood ◽  
Food Shortages ◽  
Global Events ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Rising Sea Level

Climate change is a global reality and a major concern of many countries of the world. Its average impacts are the same globally but with some regional peculiarities. This paper reviewed the global events of climate change and its reality in Nigeria. It observed that the world’s climatic elements have been undergoing changing pattern for a long period. Its reality in Nigeria was seen in changing rain pattern, relative humidity, atmospheric temperature, rising sea level, coastal flooding, erosion, desertification and drought among other indicators of climate change. These events were viewed vis-à-vis their impacts on nutrition security. The paper related these events to such drivers of food insecurity as food shortages; increase in crop and animal diseases; shortage of portable water; poor sanitation; loss of rural livelihood and different forms of pollution-related diseases. Measures were suggested for integration into government programmes and policy that will help in mitigating and adapting to the impact of climate change on nutrition security Keywords: Climate change, nutrition security, mitigating, adapting, Nigeria

scholarly journals Attribution Analysis of Hydrological Drought Risk Under Climate Change and Human Activities: A Case Study on Kuye River Basin in China

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1958 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhang ◽  
Wang ◽  
Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Drought Severity ◽  
Drought Risk ◽  
Drought Duration ◽  
Recurrence Period ◽  
The Impact

This study conducted quantitative diagnosis on the impact of climate change and human activities on drought risk. Taking the Kuye river basin (KRB) in China as the research area, we used variation point diagnosis, simulation of precipitation and runoff, drought risk assessment, and attribution quantification. The results show that: (1) the annual runoff sequence of KRB changed significantly after 1979, which was consistent with the introduction of large-scale coal mining; (2) under the same drought recurrence period, the drought duration and severity in the human activity stage were significantly worse than in the natural and simulation stages, indicating that human activities changed the drought risk in this area; and (3) human activities had little impact on drought severity in the short duration and low recurrence period, but had a greater impact in the long duration and high recurrence period. These results provide scientific guidance for the management, prevention, and resistance of drought; and guarantee sustainable economic and social development in the KRB.

scholarly journals Impact of Water Resource Auditing - Intergrated Development Approch - to Mitigate Water Related Disasters in the Vavuniya Divisional Secretariat’s Division in Northern Sri Lanka

2018 ◽  
Vol 09 (08) ◽  
pp. 43-49
Author(s):  
Thileepan, K. ◽  
Sivakumar, S.S.
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Water Resource ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Dry Zone ◽  
The Indian Ocean ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Sri Lanka is a tropical nation, is highly vulnerable to impacts of climate change. As a small in the Indian Ocean, the coastal region of the Sri Lanka is susceptible to change in sea level. The impact of climate change are widespread and they are likely to create negative socio economic outcomes on many sectors in Srilanka. Traditionally Srilanka has been generalized into three climate zones, namely wet zone, dry zone and intermediate zone. The research area Vavuniya is comes under the dry zone.The dry zone receives a mean annual rainfall of less than 1750 mm with a distinct dry season from may to september. Even though, the established patterns of rainfall have changed in the area. Almost the district is annually affected by the water related disasters. There were lot of polices and stratergic plans carried out by the government to reduce the water related disasters. The water related disasters in this area can be mitigate by proper water resource auditing and intergrated development approaches. This research aims finally to spell out to predict the real sitivuation of the area by collecting the data from the relavent departments and proposes the assessment to improve the current practices in this region

Relationship between Chinese WeiHai Urbanization and Climate Change

2013 ◽  
Vol 368-370 ◽  
pp. 386-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tian Hang Huang ◽  
An Rong Dang ◽  
Rui Lin Liu ◽  
Zhan Qiang Zhu ◽  
Dan Ming Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Metropolitan Area ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Meteorological Parameters ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Atmosphere Temperature ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Because of speediness urbanization, the numerous greenhouse gas is being let because of human activity. The impact of the associated factors on the metropolitan area is the hot research area. This paper focuses on the numerical simulation of weihais meteorological parameters, including atmosphere temperature and rainfall, trying to find establish a method to research the relationship between the urbanization and the climate change.

Impacts of Environmental and Biological Factors on Complex Technical Systems

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 21-30
Author(s):  
А. Лаптев ◽  
A. Laptev ◽  
Д. Бугай ◽  
D. Bugay ◽  
Анатолий Александров ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Complex Technical Systems ◽  
Technical Systems ◽  
The Impact

The analysis of climate change in the Russian Federation has been carried out. It has been shown that the major climate change is occurring in the Arctic zone — increased emissions of carbon dioxide and methane, deep permafrost thawing. Due to the change of climatic conditions, improvement of the ecological situation and wide use of biological cleaning systems for a treatment of industrial and household effluents a change of biological systems is taking place. Natural selection of microorganisms capable to use as a nutritious substratum such previously inert materials as polyethylene and polypropylene is intensified. The change of climatic conditions in which complex technical systems are operated, and the impact of biological and ecological factors on these systems dictate the need for revision of approaches to creation, design and operation of appropriate technical means. Actions for standardization of procedure for products climatic qualification taking into account the influence of newly forming climatic, ecological and biological conditions will allow considerably reduce economic losses from corrosion, aging and biodeterioration of complex technical systems. The work has been carried out in the frame of implementation of complex research area 18 “Climatic Tests for Safety Provision and Protection from Corrosion, Aging and Biodeterioration of Materials, Constructions and Complex Technical System in Natural Environments” (“Strategic Areas for Development of Materials and Their Treatment Technologies for the Period until 2030”).

Efficacy of Crisis Intervention

Crisis ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Reisch ◽  
Petra Schlatter ◽  
Wolfgang Tschacher
Keyword(s):  
Crisis Intervention ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Suicide Ideation ◽  
Indirect Evidence ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Term Therapy ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Step Therapy ◽  
Long Term Therapy ◽  
The Impact

This study assesses the efficacy of the treatment approach implemented in the Bern Crisis Intervention Program, where particular emphasis is placed on the remediation of suicide ideation and suicidal behavior, and depression, fear, and phobia are generally considered to be contributing factors. Four questionnaires addressing psychopathology, emotional well-being, social anxiety, and personality were administered prior to and after the treatment of 51 patients over a period of 2 to 3 weeks. The reduction of symptoms contributing to suicidal ideation and behavior was interpreted as indirect evidence of an antisuicidal effect of the program. Significant improvements were found in the psychopathology ratings, with depression and anxiety showing the largest reductions. The impact on personality and social phobia, however, was only moderate, and on average patients still exhibited symptoms after attending the program. This residual symptomatology points to the necessity of introducing a two-step therapy approach of intensive intervention targeted at the precipitating causes of the crisis, augmented by long-term therapy to treat underlying problems.

Piezoelectric β-polymorph formation of new textiles by surface modification with coating process based on interfacial interaction on the conformational variation of poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) chains

2020 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 31301
Author(s):  
Nabil Chakhchaoui ◽  
Rida Farhan ◽  
Meriem Boutaldat ◽  
Marwane Rouway ◽  
Adil Eddiai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Vinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Interfacial Interaction ◽  
Tetraethyl Orthosilicate ◽  
Poly Vinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Carbon Nanofillers ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Advanced Applications

Novel textiles have received a lot of attention from researchers in the last decade due to some of their unique features. The introduction of intelligent materials into textile structures offers an opportunity to develop multifunctional textiles, such as sensing, reacting, conducting electricity and performing energy conversion operations. In this research work nanocomposite-based highly piezoelectric and electroactive β-phase new textile has been developed using the pad-dry-cure method. The deposition of poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) − carbon nanofillers (CNF) − tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), Si(OCH2CH3)4 was acquired on a treated textile substrate using coating technique followed by evaporation to transform the passive (non-functional) textile into a dynamic textile with an enhanced piezoelectric β-phase. The aim of the study is the investigation of the impact the coating of textile via piezoelectric nanocomposites based PVDF-CNF (by optimizing piezoelectric crystalline phase). The chemical composition of CT/PVDF-CNC-TEOS textile was detected by qualitative elemental analysis (SEM/EDX). The added of 0.5% of CNF during the process provides material textiles with a piezoelectric β-phase of up to 50% has been measured by FTIR experiments. These results indicated that CNF has high efficiency in transforming the phase α introduced in the unloaded PVDF, to the β-phase in the case of nanocomposites. Consequently, this fabricated new textile exhibits glorious piezoelectric β-phase even with relatively low coating content of PVDF-CNF-TEOS. The study demonstrates that the pad-dry-cure method can potentially be used for the development of piezoelectric nanocomposite-coated wearable new textiles for sensors and energy harvesting applications. We believe that our study may inspire the research area for future advanced applications.

The yield of perennial grass stands on drained organic soils of Steppe

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (90) ◽  
pp. 92-97
Author(s):  
I.T. Slusar ◽  
V.A. Serbenyuk ◽  
A.N. Gera ◽  
A.P. Solyanik ◽  
A.A. Tarasenko
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Sulphate ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Perennial Grass ◽  
Mineral Fertilizer ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Organic Soils ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Cobalt Sulfate ◽  
The Impact

Research on the impact of the introduction of micro fertilizers and growth promoters on a background of mineral fertilizer and without N90R45К120 spent on old peat in shallow carbonate floodplain r.Supiy, Yahotyn Kyiv region. Power peat horizon about 60-70 cm, 7,4-7,6 pH of the aqueous extract, stupas schedule 56-60%, density 0,49-0,52 assembly soil, total nitrogen content (%) - 1.9; gross forms of phosphorus - 0,4, potassium 0.2, 20% lime. In experiments studying biological rehoplant, radustym, Biolan, emistim, Jets, humisol, plantafol, radyfarm and micronutrients: copper, boric acid, manganese sulphate, zinc sulphate, potassium humates. Treatment drugs conducted in the spring by spraying mixtures. Space research area of 60 m2, three-time repetition. It is established that the use of growth stimulants and micronutrients in the background N90R45К120 provided the highest yield mixtures of years, against making BIOLan - 9.9 t / ha Radyfarmu - 9.6 t / ha Radostymu 9.3 t / ha dry weight. In areas for making other preparations were intermediate yield growth rates - 0.5 - 2.0 t / ha dry weight. Also good gains herbage yields obtained by making all kinds of micronutrients and growth stimulants in the background without making makrodobryv which was within 5.3 - 6.9 t / ha to control without fertilization - 4.5 t / ha dry weight. In deep peat copper fertilizer (25 kg / ha of copper sulphate or 5 kg / ha pirytnoho cinders) in all zones should be making every 3-4 years, and zinc, cobalt and molybdenum advisable to make time for the growing season, spring, by foliar application in such numbers: ammonium molibdenovokyslyy - 0.3 kg / ha; cobalt sulfate - 3 kg / ha zinc sulphate 0.5 kg / ha or placers these salts should be mixed with major fertilizer.

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