Life Skills among School Going Adolescents in Relation to Certain Personal Variables

2021 ◽  
pp. 218-230
Author(s):  
Mandeep Kaur
Keyword(s):  
Private Schools ◽  
Life Skills ◽  
Working Mothers ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Rural School ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Parental Occupation ◽  
Personal Variables ◽  
Fatehgarh Sahib

The present study aims to assess the life skills among school going adolescents in relation to gender, locale, parental education and parental occupation. The sample consisted of 200 school going adolescents studying in government and private schools of Patiala, Fatehgarh Sahib and Mansa districts of Punjab. Life skills scale (Sharma, 2003) and the background information sheets prepared by the investigator herself were used to collect the data. The findings revealed that female and rural school going adolescents possess more life skills than their counterparts. School going adolescents whose fathers and mothers are less educated possess significantly more life skills than their counterparts. School going adolescents who have business as parental occupation possess more life skills than their counterparts. Results of the study further revealed that school going adolescents whose mothers are non-working possess significantly more life skills than those with working mothers.

scholarly journals Prenatal origins of suicide mortality: A prospective cohort study in the United States

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Vidal-Ribas ◽  
Theemeshni Govender ◽  
Rajeshwari Sundaram ◽  
Roy H. Perlis ◽  
Stephen E. Gilman
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Complications ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Suicide Mortality ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Parental Occupation ◽  
Smoking During Pregnancy ◽  
Neonatal Complications

AbstractMost suicide research focuses on acute precipitants and is conducted in high-risk populations. Yet, vulnerability to suicide is likely established years prior to its occurrence. In this study, we aimed to investigate the risk of suicide mortality conferred by prenatal sociodemographic and pregnancy-related factors. Offspring of participants (N = 49,853) of the Collaborative Perinatal Project, a U.S. population-based cohort of pregnancies enrolled between 1959 and 1966, were linked to the U.S. National Death Index to determine their vital status by the end 2016. We examined associations between sociodemographic factors during pregnancy, pregnancy complications, labor and delivery complications, and neonatal complications with suicide death coded according to ICD-9/10 criteria. By the end of 2016, 3,555 participants had died. Of these, 288 (214 males, 74 females) died by suicide (incidence rate = 15.6 per 100,000 person-years, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] = 13.9–17.5). In adjusted models, male sex (Hazard Ratio [HR] = 2.98, CI: 2.26–3.93), White race (HR = 2.14, CI = 1.63–2.83), low parental education (HR = 2.23, CI = 1.38–3.62), manual parental occupation (HR = 1.38, CI = 1.05–1.82), being a younger sibling (HR = 1.52, CI = 1.10–2.11), higher rates of pregnancy complications (HR = 2.36, CI = 1.08–5.16), and smoking during pregnancy (HR = 1,28, CI = 0.99–1.66) were independently associated with suicide risk, whereas birth and neonatal complications were not. Consistent with the developmental origins of psychiatric disorders, vulnerability to suicide mortality is established early in development. Both sociodemographic and pregnancy factors play a role in this risk, which underscores the importance of considering life course approaches to suicide prevention, possibly including provision of high-quality prenatal care, and alleviating the socioeconomic burdens of mothers and families.

scholarly journals Social characteristics associated with outcome of paediatric human immunodeficiency virus admissions

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1620
Author(s):  
Olusola Adetunji Oyedeji ◽  
Olasunkanmi Oladapo Olubanjo ◽  
Gabriel Ademola Oyedeji
Keyword(s):  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
Background Information ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Mean

Background: Information on social characteristics in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected Nigerian children is scarce. The association between social characteristics such as single parenthood, low socio-economic status, polygamy and lack of parental education on the outcome of paediatric HIV admissions has been under studied.Methods: Information was obtained from the case notes of HIV infected children between the year 2006 and 2012 at a Nigerian tertiary hospital. Details of the information extracted include socio-demographics, diagnoses and outcome of management. Data was analysed with the SPSS 18 software.Results: Fifty (1.73%) of the total 2897 paediatric admissions were due to HIV disease. The mean age of the children studied was 3.7±2.9years and the 50 children were made up by 27 boys and 23 girls, giving a male to female ratio of 1:0.9. The mean age of the mothers and fathers were 28.7 and 36.7 years respectively. Pneumonia, septicaemia and tuberculosis accounted for more than 60% of admissions. Five (10.0%) children were from the upper, 12 (24.0%) from the middle and 33 (766.0%) from the lower socioeconomic classes. Twenty-four parents (couples) were both sero-positive for HIV and 7 discordant. Nineteen (38.0%) could not be classified because the status of the father was unknown. Of the 7 sero-discordant parents, 3 sero-negative fathers neglected their families. Thirty-nine children were from monogamous homes, nine from polygamous and two were raised by single parents. There were two discharges against medical advice and eleven deaths. The average number of siblings of the children studied was 2.57±2.1. Mortalities on admission were significantly associated with, parental financial constraints and the admitted HIV infected child having more than one sibling (p<0.05).Conclusions: It was concluded that appropriate interventions to manage these associations will most likely improve the outcome of admissions. Strategies of improving disclosure and prevention of negative outcome of disclosures, such as family neglect in sero-discordant couples also need to be identified. 

Parental Education, Children’s Nutritional Status and Non-verbal Intelligence in Rural School-children

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 205-208
Author(s):  
Rubina Mandlik ◽  
Veena Ekbote ◽  
Shashi Chiplonkar ◽  
Vaman Khadilkar ◽  
Anuradha Khadilkar
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
School Children ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Rural School ◽  
Verbal Intelligence

scholarly journals Illusory Gains from Chile's Targeted School Voucher Experiment

2019 ◽  
Vol 129 (623) ◽  
pp. 2805-2832
Author(s):  
Benjamin Feigenberg ◽  
Rui Yan ◽  
Steven Rivkin
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Achievement Gap ◽  
Private Schools ◽  
Test Score ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Fourth Grade ◽  
Disadvantaged Students ◽  
School Voucher ◽  
Standard Deviations

Abstract Chile implemented a targeted voucher programme in 2008 that increased funding for disadvantaged students at public and participating private schools by approximately 50%. This reform would be expected to raise average achievement in participating schools and to reduce the achievement gap related to socioeconomic status, and disadvantaged students did make fourth-grade test-score gains exceeding 0.2 standard deviations that other studies have attributed to the programme. However, we find only small increases in resources and school-switching and little evidence of competition-driven improvement, but a closing of the parental education and income gaps, raising doubts that the programme accounts for much of this convergence.

Effect of math-specific self-efficacy on math literacy: Evidence from a Greek survey

2017 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-36
Author(s):  
Jehanzeb R Cheema
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
School Level ◽  
School Type ◽  
School Students ◽  
Parental Occupation ◽  
Math Literacy

Prior research has suggested a strong link between student-level psychological constructs such as self-efficacy and achievement in academics. In this study, we looked at the relationship between math self-efficacy and mathematics literacy using a large-scale survey from Greece. Our analytical results show that there is a strong association between math self-efficacy and math literacy among Greek high school students, and that this association persists even after controlling for student-level differences such as age, grade, gender, parental education, parental occupation, family wealth, cultural possessions, and availability of educational resources at home, and school-level differences such as school type, school size, student–teacher ratio, and school-level socioeconomic status.

scholarly journals School Quality and Parental Schooling Decisions for Their Children: Public and Private Schools in Rural Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-202
Author(s):  
Muhammad Jehangir Khan
Keyword(s):  
Private Schools ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
School Quality ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
School Attendance ◽  
Household Survey ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Rural Pakistan

This study uses the Pakistan Rural Household Survey 2004-5 (PRHS), a rich set of households and school data, to examine parents’ schooling decision in rural Pakistan. Nested logit regressions are used to quantify the determinants of child school attendance. The analysis confirms that the greater the number of schools (public or private) in the local communities the higher is the attendance. Lower school attendance of boys seems to be the outcome of lower school quality more than it is for girls. A marginal increase in school quality correlates with increased school attendance in government schools more than in private schools. Nearly all school quality variables including control for number of schools in a community stand insignificant for girls. This shows that other factors might be of more importance than school quality of local schools for girl’s low attendance in rural Pakistan. Besides, parental education, especially mother’s education, and household income have strong positive impact on child school attendance. The greater the number of children in the household the lower is the child school attendance. Credit constraint seems not to be problematic as the estimated effect is statistically insignificant. The size of landholding seems to be important only in the case of girls schooling. JEL Classification: I21, I25, D13, C25 Keywords: Demand for Schooling, Public Education, Private Education, Pakistan

scholarly journals “The Dio Difference”: Social Class and Anglican Girls’ Secondary Schools in Aotearoa New Zealand, 1877-1975

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bethany Swanson
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Social Class ◽  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Religious Education ◽  
Private Schools ◽  
Symbolic Capital ◽  
Ruling Class ◽  
Parental Occupation ◽  
Civic Society ◽  
Aotearoa New Zealand

<p><b>This study examines the histories of Anglican girls’ secondary schools from 1877-1975, placing them within a social class setting. This thesis argues that these schools, despite the diversity of their location and the dates of their founding, existed largely to educate the daughters of Aotearoa New Zealand’s ruling class. The ruling class can be defined as an active class made up of social elites, who were influential in society and possessed economic, social and cultural capital. This capital appears in the form of the ability to set an agenda in civic society, as membership in networks, and as the possession of a formal education. The Anglican girls’ private schools were a means through which this class replicated itself. The Anglican church possessed many such influential members of society and was driven, on a diocesan level, to establish private schools for girls in defence of a curriculum which included religious education.</b></p> <p>The schools in this study were all founded between 1878 and 1918 and remain in existence today. Over their lifetimes they have remained exclusively girls’ schools, with a mix of day-students and boarders. The thesis uses data collected from school archives, libraries, and school histories as well as a wider literature on education and class theory in order to situate the schools firmly within a class analysis. The thesis makes particular use of admissions registers to analyse the demographic of students attending the schools, situating students within their geographical catchments. Further, admissions registers have been used to determine the social status of parental occupation of students and their relative social class position. Each of the schools engaged in discourses surrounding the purpose of an education for girls. Schools strived to offer students both an academic and a social education. These two goals often existed in tension. The schools grappled with the aim of educating their students to be young Anglican women of good character who were able to fulfil their roles as future wives and mothers in affluent households, whilst also offering an academic curriculum which promised rigour for those most able. As the role of women in the workplace and wider society evolved, so too did the pedagogy of the schools both in terms of curriculum and in the conveyance of symbolic capital through membership in elite ruling class networks. Throughout the time period under examination, 1877-1975, the schools consistently offered an alternative to state schools, an alternative that described the ‘difference’ that private schooling could offer. That ‘difference’, this thesis suggests, was one that signified superiority, locating the schools within the upper ranks of social class hierarchy in Aotearoa New Zealand.</p>

Socio-demographic correlates of school refusal among primary school students in Ranchi City

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Mayank Srivastava ◽  
Dipanjan Bhattacharjee ◽  
Vinod Kumar Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Private Schools ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
School Refusal ◽  
Family Type ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors

Introduction: School refusal has some distinctive features and it can affect the academic achievement of the students very negatively. Several socio-demographic factors are responsible for school refusal. This study intends to see the role of some socio-demographic factors in school refusal among primary grade students of five private schools of the city of Ranchi. Methodology: It was a Cross-sectional school-based study on five private schools of Ranchi city. Total students approached were 1640, out of which 52 students were selected purposively as per the study criteria. Socio-demographic Data Sheet and School Refusal Assessment Scale-Revised (SRAS-R) were used and descriptive statistics, independent samples t-test, one way ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc test were used. Results: Factors like the gender of the students, parental education, monthly family income and family type have a significant impact on school refusal behaviour of selected students.  Conclusion: School refusal is a complicated problem and it has been influenced by various factors.  Keywords: School refusal, demographic variables, parents, family, absenteeism

scholarly journals Food and drink intake during television viewing in adolescents: the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence (HELENA) study

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 1563-1569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Pablo Rey-López ◽  
German Vicente-Rodríguez ◽  
Judith Répásy ◽  
Maria Isabel Mesana ◽  
Jonatan R Ruiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parental Education ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Tv Viewing ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Parental Occupation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sociodemographic Variables ◽  
Watching Tv

AbstractObjectiveTo compare food consumption during television (TV) viewing among adolescents who watched >2 h/d v. ≤2 h/d; and to examine the association between sociodemographic variables (age, gender and socio-economic status (SES)) and the consumption of energy-dense foods and drinks during TV viewing.DesignThe data are part of the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence (HELENA) cross-sectional survey. Data on time watching TV, types of foods and drinks consuming during TV viewing and parental SES (parental education, parental occupation and family affluence) were measured by questionnaires completed by adolescents. Binary logistic regression tested the association between energy-dense foods and drinks and (i) sociodemographic variables and (ii) TV time.SettingGhent (Belgium), Heraklion (Greece), Pecs (Hungary) and Zaragoza (Spain).SubjectsGirls (n 699) and boys (n 637) aged 12·5–17·5 years.ResultsBoys reported more frequent consumption of beer and soft drinks whereas girls selected more fruit juice, water, herbal infusions and sweets (all P ≤ 0·05). Watching TV for >2 h/d was associated with the consumption of energy-dense foods and drinks. Girls whose mothers achieved the lowest education level had an adjusted OR of 3·22 (95 % CI 1·81, 5·72) for the consumption of energy-dense drinks during TV viewing v. those whose mothers had the highest educational level.ConclusionsExcessive TV watching may favour concurrent consumption of energy-dense snacks and beverages. Adolescents from low-SES families are more likely to consume unhealthy drinks while watching TV.

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