scholarly journals Rural Level Impact of China Free-aid Water Project in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Rosemary I. Eneji ◽  
Xiaoyun Li
Keyword(s):  
Potable Water ◽  
Water Projects ◽  
Water Project ◽  
Rural Village ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Borehole Water ◽  
Domestic Use ◽  
Socio Economic Impact ◽  
Better Than

The objective of this study was to determine the socio-economic impact of Chinese involvement in the provision of potable water at the community level in Nigeria. We specifically determined how the water projects have contributed to health, education and personal income. The study was carried out in Toge/Gasa rural village located at the outskirts of Nigeria’s federal capital territory (FCT), Abuja. A combination of informal interviews as well as structured and semi-structured questionnaires was used. Before the water project, 70% of the beneficiaries relied on personal wells, 10% on rivers/stream and 20% on commercial boreholes. Only 12% of respondents agreed that the volume of water for domestic use before the borehole project was sufficient but 68% of people had sufficient water after the borehole project. Further, 78% of respondents considered the quality of water from project boreholes to be much better than what they had before. In contrast, some 75% of non-beneficiaries of the borehole water project still lacked enough water for daily use.

scholarly journals Assessment of Borehole Water Quality for Domestic Use in Three Selected Wards in Wudil Local Government Area, Kano State

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
B. U. Getso ◽  
A. Mustapha ◽  
M. M. Abubakar ◽  
A. Tijjani
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Borehole Water ◽  
Domestic Use ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Source Of Pollution

The quality of water used for domestic purposes from three boreholes in Wudil Local Government (KUST Wudil, Unguwar Danya and Unguwar Fulani) was analyzed and assessed for a period of five weeks using standard methods of sampling and laboratory analysis. Parameters tested include pH dissolved oxygen (DO), five-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), nitrate ion (NO3), conductivity, hardness, temperature total dissolved solids (TDS) and turbidity. Results showed that there are significant differences between the different wards. However, a one way ANOVA conducted reveals significant difference (p < 0.05) between the different sites and physicochemical parameters. It is therefore recommended that government should be more effective in controlling the point source of pollution in the area.

scholarly journals Impact of Land-Use/Land-Cover Change on Drinking Water Ecosystem Services in Wami River Basin, Tanzania

Resources ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sekela Twisa ◽  
Mohamed Mwabumba ◽  
Mathew Kurian ◽  
Manfred F. Buchroithner
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Land Cover Change ◽  
Land Use Land Cover ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Water Point ◽  
Water Ecosystem ◽  
Domestic Use

Land-use/land-cover changes are considered the dominant form of anthropogenic pressure on the environment, causing changes in ecosystem service patterns and affecting water supply services. Using the spatial econometric technique, we analysed the impact of land-use/land-cover change on water ecosystem services for domestic use upstream and downstream of the Wami River Basin. The results in terms of land-use/land-cover classes during the study period (2011–2016) indicate that cultivated land showed maximum positive changes in both sub-catchments, while bushland and woodland showed maximum negative changes upstream and downstream. The results showed that bushland, woodland, cultivated land, and grassland were significantly correlated with water point characteristics in both sub-catchments. For functionality characteristics, a significant effect was observed in bushland and grassland upstream and downstream, respectively, while sufficient water was found in woodland upstream and grassland downstream. Moreover, bushland was observed to have a significant number of water points with poor quality of water upstream, and a substantial number of water points with good quality of water were found in grassland downstream. We found that all measured land-use/land-cover changes and water point characteristic correlations were statistically significant; therefore, we concluded that land-use/land-cover change affects the water ecosystem in the basin. These results could facilitate decision-making and development of related policies and might support finding sustainable strategies for water ecosystem services for domestic use.

scholarly journals An Analysis of Total Phosphorus Dispersion in Lake Used As a Municipal Water Supply

2015 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 1505-1518 ◽  
Author(s):  
RÔMULO C. LIMA ◽  
ANDRÉ L.A. MESQUITA ◽  
CLAUDIO J.C. BLANCO ◽  
MARIA DE LOURDES S. SANTOS ◽  
YVES SECRETAN
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Diffusion Reaction ◽  
Municipal Water Supply ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Lake Bottom ◽  
Potable Water Supply ◽  
Dimensional Equation

ABSTRACTIn Belém city is located the potable water supply system of its metropolitan area, which includes, in addition to this city, four more municipalities. In this water supply complex is the Água Preta lake, which serves as a reservoir for the water pumped from the Guamá river. Due to the great importance of this lake for this system, several works have been devoted to its study, from the monitoring of the quality of its waters to its hydrodynamic modeling. This paper presents the results obtained by computer simulation of the phosphorus dispersion within this reservoir by the numerical solution of two-dimensional equation of advection-diffusion-reaction by the method θ/SUPG. Comparing these results with data concentration of total phosphorus collected from November 2008 to October 2009 and from satellite photos show that the biggest polluters of the water of this lake are the domestic sewage dumps from the population living in its vicinity. The results obtained indicate the need for more information for more precise quantitative analysis. However, they show that the phosphorus brought by the Guamá river water is consumed in an area adjacent to the canal that carries this water into the lake. Phosphorus deposits in the lake bottom should be monitored to verify their behavior, thus preventing the quality of water maintained therein.

Evaluation of the microbial quality of water supplies to municipal, mining and squatter communities in the Bindura urban area of Zimbabwe

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Nyati
Keyword(s):  
Urban Area ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Chemical Quality ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Water Supplies ◽  
Provincial Hospital ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Borehole Water

A survey of the microbiological and chemical quality of water supplies in the Bindura urban and peri-urban area was carried out over a three-year period from January 2000 to July 2003. Bindura is the provincial city of Mashonaland Central, situated 88 km from the national capital, Harare. Large-scale farming and mining activities in the area predispose water bodies to eutrophication and chemical pollutants, raising concerns about the safety of local water supplies. In this study, thermotolerant (faecal) coliform levels, total aerobic bacterial counts and physicochemical profiles were determined for municipal and borehole water as well as water supplies to mining and squatter communities. Although municipal and mining compound water supplies were of satisfactory microbial and chemical quality, borehole water supplies showed a seasonal fluctuation, with higher coliform counts in the wet season from November to March. Stream water supplies to a squatter camp in the peri-urban area consistently recorded coliform levels &gt;1,800/100 mL and total aerobic plate counts of &lt;2.8 × 106 CFU/mL. All cholera incidents recorded in 1999 and 2000 at the Provincial hospital were from peri-urban settlements and surrounding commercial farms while 1,045 to 2,632 cases of dysentery were also reported each year at the provincial hospital during the period 1997-2002.

The economic value of basin protection to improve the quality and reliability of potable water supply: the case of Loja, Ecuador

Water Policy ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel D. Zapata ◽  
Holger M. Benavides ◽  
Carlos E. Carpio ◽  
David B. Willis
Keyword(s):  
Water Supply ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Water Users ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Potable Water Supply ◽  
Quality And Reliability ◽  
The Individual

The objective of this study was to estimate the economic value that people living in Loja, Ecuador, place on the protection of two basins when the protection is designed to improve both the quality and reliability of the water supply for human consumption by urban residents. Empirical results indicate that households have an average willingness to pay (WTP) of $5.80 per month to preserve the basins. The main variables affecting WTP are current monthly water cost, perception about the fairness of the existing water price, the number of hours that service is available, and the gender of the individual interviewed. The results of this study, and the later implementation by the Loja City Municipality of a basin protection project funded through a fee on water users, provide evidence that households at all income levels strongly support and are willing to pay for a project that has the potential to improve the quality of water services and protect the environment.

Build up a database to determine the management of drinking water in the Province of Cartago, Costa Rica

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 584-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia M. Soto Córdoba ◽  
Macario Pino Gómez ◽  
Lilliana Gaviria Montoya
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Public Institutions ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Water Exploitation

In Costa Rica, the majority of people have drinking water in their homes, but because of climate change along with the increase of population and non-existent planning programs, the distribution of this resource could be affected. To ensure sustainability of drinking water, information on demand and supply is required. Unfortunately, the information is outdated and there is no single unified database to which all management related institutions have access. Costa Rica has many public institutions that perform quality control, monitor and provide licenses for water exploitation. Each institution organizes its information according to their own criteria, therefore, making it impossible to compare the data, and difficult to identify the main problems. The authors verified and compared every database available, aiming to consolidate one database to determinate management of water distribution in Cartago. The main results of this research identified distribution of water suppliers throughout the province, the results were: Aqueduct Administration Associations (27.1%), Municipal Aqueducts (60.2%) and National Costa Rica Aqueducts and Sewerage Institute (AyA) Aqueducts (14.1%). One hundred per cent of Municipal and AyA Aqueducts disinfect and provide potable water, but 25% of Aqueduct Administration Rural Associations do not disinfect the water and there is not enough information about the quality of water that they offer.

scholarly journals Calidad del agua destinada al consumo humano en un cantón de Ecuador / Quality of water intended for human consumption in a canton of Ecuador

Ciencia Unemi ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (20) ◽  
pp. 109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato Baque Mite ◽  
Luis Simba Ochoa ◽  
Betty Gonzalez Osorio ◽  
Pedro Suatunce ◽  
Eduardo Diaz Ocampo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Quality Criterion ◽  
Statistical Correlation ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Pumping Stations ◽  
Microbiological Parameters ◽  
Domestic Use

El estudio evaluó la calidad del agua destinada al consumo humano en el cantón Quevedo, provincia de Los Ríos, Ecuador. Se evaluaron parámetros físicos, químicos y microbiológicos del agua en nueve estaciones de bombeo del EPMAPAQ, en épocas lluviosa y seca. Se compararon los resultados obtenidos con los valores de referencia establecidos en las normativas (Acuerdo ministerial Nº 097 Norma INEN 1108, TULSMA, EPA y OMS), bajo el criterio de calidad para aguas destinadas al consumo humano y uso doméstico. Se determinó el Índice de Calidad de Agua (ICA) y la correlación estadística entre los parámetros, usando la prueba de “t” de Student, con una significancia estadística de p = 0,05 entre las dos épocas. Los parámetros: nitritos, nitratos, turbidez, sólidos disueltos totales, pH, dureza total, color y hierro, se encuentran en el rango de aceptabilidad de calidad ambiental. Los valores, manganeso y oxígeno disuelto sobrepasan los límites máximos permisibles por el TULSMA, al igual que los coliformes fecales, en época lluviosa. La mayoría de los parámetros presentaron diferencias significativas (“t” al 5%) entre las dos épocas. El agua del cantón Quevedo está levemente contaminada y requiere tratamiento de potabilización previo a su consumo. ABSTRACTThe study evaluated the quality of water intended for human consumption in the canton Quevedo, province of Los Rios, Ecuador. Physical, chemical and microbiological parameters of water in nine EPMAPAQ pumping stations were evaluated, in rainy and dry seasons. The results obtained with the reference values set out in the regulations (Ministerial Agreement No. 097 Standard INEN 1108, TULSMA, EPA and WHO) under the quality criterion for water intended for human consumption and domestic use was compared. The Water Quality Index (ICA) and the statistical correlation between parameters were determined using the test "t" of Student, with a statistical significance of p = 0.05 between the two periods. Parameters: nitrites, nitrates, turbidity, total dissolved solids, pH, total hardness, color and iron are in the range of acceptability environmental quality. Values, manganese, dissolved oxygen exceed the maximum permissible limits for the TULSMA, like fecal coliform in the rainy season. Most parameters showed significant differences ("t" 5%) between the two periods. Quevedo Canton water is slightly contaminated and requires purification treatment before consumption.

scholarly journals Assessment of microbial quality of water in popular restaurants in Sylhet city of Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayesha Sarker ◽  
Sharmista Dash ◽  
Md Mozammel Hoque ◽  
Sultan Ahmed ◽  
Md Rayhan Shaheb
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Microbial Quality ◽  
Great Chance ◽  
Quality Of Water

Microbial contaminations of drinking water constitute a major burden on human health. Interventions to improve the quality of drinking-water provide significant benefits to health. An assessment of microbial quality of water in the samples obtained from different popular restaurants of Sylhet City Corporation, Bangladesh were analyzed in the laboratory. Our aims were to find out the microbial properties of water, to analyze the potable water qualities of the restaurants and also to compare it with different standards to assess the health risk of people. The microbial tests viz. MPN, TVC and total coliform test were studied. Results revealed that all the water samples were fecal contaminated and had a great chance of contamination by other pathogenic bacteria. Results indicated that most of the samples were significantly positive to MPN test and TVC bacteria were highly significant. The risk score for coliform bacteria also remarked high risk for human health according to WHO standards and were not suitable as potable water. Our recommendations are therefore, water supply authority including restaurant owners should take necessary steps for the maintenance of microbial quality of water and microbial assessments should be done very often to leading a hygienic water distribution environment of the city.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 41(1): 115-125, March 2016

scholarly journals Physicochemical Quality of Water and Influence on the Dynamics of Bacteria Circulating in Water Points for Domestic Use in Yaoundé (Cameroon)

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 112
Author(s):  
Ngong Ankiambom Innocent ◽  
Ajeagah Gideon Aghaindum ◽  
Kapso Tchouankep Mireille ◽  
Nguepidjio Gilbert ◽  
Sotchang Mbounga Ines Olivia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Quality ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Domestic Use

Physicochemical Parameters and Suitability for Irrigation of Groundwater Resources from Biskra Area (Southeastern Algeria)

2022 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 127-137
Author(s):  
Fattoum Bouchemal ◽  
Samia Achour
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
Total Hardness ◽  
Lower Eocene ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Poor Water Quality ◽  
Better Than

This study is part of the more general framework for diagnosis of the quality of water resources in the Biskra area and its suitability for irrigation. This work reports the results of an analysis of physicochemical groundwater quality. Groundwater samples were collected from 12 boreholes in different aquifers exploited in the area, and used for drinking and domestic purposes. The results showed that the water of the limestone aquifer (Maastrichtian) is better than other aquifers (phreatic, Miopliocene, Lower Eocene). This affects more particularly the pH, conductivity (mineralization), total hardness, and concentration of the major elements. As far as the same aquifers (phreatic, Miopliocene, Lower Eocene), present water which classified mediocre highly mineralized for irrigation because EC > 2250 μS/cm (class 4). The Maastrichtian aquifer presents a poor water quality (class 3), according to the Riverside classification.

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