scholarly journals RESULTS OF EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES OF THE USE OF A BRUSHLESS ELECTRIC MOTORIN SEEDING DEVICES OF ROW-CROP SEEDERS OF THE MS TYPE

2021 ◽  
pp. 100-107
Author(s):  
A.A. Zavrazhnov ◽  
◽  
B.S. Mishin ◽  
V.Yu. Lantsev ◽  
A.V. Yakushev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Drive ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Control Unit ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Brushless Dc ◽  
Speed Sensor ◽  
A Value ◽  
Row Crop ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Disc Drive

This paper presents the data of comparative studies of the characteristics of the Mxus XF15R brushless elec-tric motor (rotation speed; consumed current, power and efficiency) depending on the maximum torque. The de-sign of the stand for studying the characteristics of the seeding process when using an electric drive of the seed-ing disc is presented; the key elements of the stand are: the seeding section, seeding disc, electric motor connect-ed to the seeding disc, the control unit, the source of rare-fied pressure, the seeding disc speed sensor and the seeding sensor. The technique of working with the stand and the procedure for setting it up are described. During the operation, the following indicators are taken into ac-count: control signal of the seeding disc drive; seeding disc and rotor revolutions, rpm; the number of the seed in the total volume from the moment of measurement; time between seeds falling, ms; vacuum, kPa; hole diameter, mm; reference time between the fall of adjacent seeds at a given rotational speed of the seeding disc, ms. During the experiment, it was found that with a value in the seed-ing chamber of 5 kPa, in the frequency range of the seed-ing disc from 17-100 rpm, the actual seeding rate was 3.28 pcs m, the number of twins in the seeding process was 8.17%, the number of gaps in the sowing process was 5.46%, and the deviation from the set rate was 5.2%. Thus, the electric drive of the seeding disc based on the brushless DC motor XF15R Mxus has shown its efficiency and may be used in the existing configuration of the MC type sowing device.

Computational and experimental studies of the strength of full-scale samples of pipes with defects "metal loss" and "dent with groove"

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 226-233
Author(s):  
Dmitry A. Neganov ◽  
◽  
Victor M. Varshitsky ◽  
Andrey A. Belkin ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Pressure ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
The Other ◽  
Metal Loss ◽  
Calculation Methods ◽  
Reliable Operation ◽  
Sufficient Stability ◽  
Comparative Results ◽  
The Moment

The article contains the comparative results of the experimental and calculated research of the strength of a pipeline with such defects as “metal loss” and “dent with groove”. Two coils with diameter of 820 mm and the thickness of 9 mm of 19G steel were used for full-scale pipe sample production. One of the coils was intentionally damaged by machining, which resulted in “metal loss” defect, the other one was dented (by press machine) and got groove mark (by chisel). The testing of pipe samples was performed by applying static internal pressure to the moment of collapse. The calculation of deterioration pressure was carried out with the use of national and foreign methodical approaches. The calculated values of collapsing pressure for the pipe with loss of metal mainly coincided with the calculation experiment results based on Russian method and ASME B31G. In case of pipe with dent and groove the calculated value of collapsing pressure demonstrated greater coincidence with Russian method and to a lesser extent with API 579/ASME FFS-1. In whole, all calculation methods demonstrate sufficient stability of results, which provides reliable operation of pipelines with defects.

Analysis of Vibroreological Indicators in the Formation of the Moment of Control of the Electric Drive in Special Modes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oksana Khrebtova ◽  
Iurii Zachepa ◽  
Igor Rodkin ◽  
Nataliia Zachepa ◽  
Alesya Khrebtova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Drive ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Special Modes

CONTROL SYSTEM FOR NEEDLE INSERTION INTO THE PERIPHERAL VENOUS VESSEL

2021 ◽  
pp. 122-125
Author(s):  
Екатерина Александровна Витоженц ◽  
Александр Викторович Кобелев
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Needle Insertion ◽  
Tissue Type ◽  
Mixed System ◽  
Injection Needle ◽  
Recorded Signal ◽  
Venous Puncture ◽  
Complex Design ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Venous Vessel

Предложен новый способ контроля введения инъекционной иглы в просвет вены на основе измерений электрического импеданса с помощью смешанной системы электродов, состоящей из биполярного и тетраполярного звеньев. Исследованы альтернативные схемы расположения электродов при проведении контроля венозной пункции биоимпедансным методом - они имеют более сложную конструкцию, используют дорогостоящие специализированные коаксиальные иглы, не позволяют однозначно определить факт прокола стенки венозного сосуда, нуждаются в дополнительной фильтрации регистрируемого сигнала с целью корректной интерпретации результата. Эффективность предложенной методики проверялась в ходе экспериментальных исследований на 5 добровольцах. Результаты экспериментов позволили идентифицировать 4 стадии нахождения инъекционной иглы относительно верхней конечности: нет касания, касание кожного покрова, нахождение под кожей коже, попадание в просвет вены. Идентификация положений инъекционной иглы происходит в реальном времени без дополнительной фильтрации регистрируемого сигнала. Метод позволяет обнаружить момент прокола стенки венозного сосуда стандартной инъекционной иглой, что в дальнейшем позволит сэкономить на изготовлении специализированных многослойных игольчатых электродов и внедрить данный способ контроля за проведением венепункции в медицинскую практику. Дальнейшее развитие предложенного подхода предполагает идентификацию двойного прокола вены, дифференцирование типа ткани в процессе введения иглы и исследование возможности определения типа кровеносного сосуда A new method for controlling the penetration of an injection needle into the vein based on measurements of electrical impedance using a mixed system of electrodes consisting of bipolar and tetrapolar parts is proposed. Alternative schemes for the arrangement of electrodes for monitoring venous puncture using the bioimpedance method have been investigated - they have a more complex design, use expensive specialized coaxial needles, do not allow to unambiguously determine the fact of a puncture of the venous vessel wall, require additional filtering of the recorded signal in order to correctly interpret the result. The effectiveness of the proposed technique was tested in experimental studies on 5 volunteers. The results of the experiments made it possible to identify 4 stages of finding the injection needle relative to the upper limb: no touching, touching the skin, being under the skin of the skin, getting into the lumen of the vein. Identification of the positions of the injection needle occurs in real time without additional filtering of the recorded signal. The method allows detecting the moment of puncture of the wall of a venous vessel with a standard injection needle, which in the future will save on the manufacture of specialized multilayer needle electrodes and introduce this method of monitoring venipuncture into medical practice. Further development of the proposed approach involves the identification of a double vein puncture, differentiation of tissue type during needle insertion, and investigation of the possibility of determining the type of blood vessel

scholarly journals Investigation of the structure of cement conglomerates

2021 ◽  
Vol 266 ◽  
pp. 03005
Author(s):  
D. N. Shabanov ◽  
E. Trambitsky ◽  
E. Borovkova
Keyword(s):  
Strain State ◽  
Residual Life ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Cement Stone ◽  
Virtual Model ◽  
Structural Studies ◽  
Acoustic Sensors ◽  
Cement Pastes ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Physical And Chemical

This article describes the structural studies of a cement conglomerate, its evolution from the moment of formation to the loss of operational properties. Physical and chemical phenomena and interactions of various elements of cement stone are considered. The study of its rheology includes creating a virtual model and monitoring the formation of the structure of cement pastes by acoustic emission (AE). The results of combined experimental studies to determine the residual life of cement stone samples using AE and tensometry methods are presented. The authors created a complex for monitoring the stress-strain state of artificial conglomerates, which includes both internal and acoustic sensors.

scholarly journals Development of a high-quality brushless dc electric drive systems model

Vestnik IGEU ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 31-45
Author(s):  
T.H. Abuziarov ◽  
A.S. Plehov ◽  
A.B. Dar’enkov ◽  
A.I. Ermolaev
Keyword(s):  
Electric Drive ◽  
Electric Motor ◽  
Permanent Magnets ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Bldc Motor ◽  
Electric Drives ◽  
Brushless Dc ◽  
Systems Model ◽  
Semiconductor Converter ◽  
Torque Pulsations

When designing electric drives based on brushless DC motors with permanent magnets (BLDC), which have low level torque pulsations, the problem of modelling non-standard topological solutions appears. The known models of BLDC motors are either based on the assumptions about the symmetry of the stator pa-rameters of the electric motor and/or the ideal form of the phase back-EMF waveform, which reduce the accuracy of evaluating the effectiveness of the proposed solutions or prove unusable for modelling an operation of the electric motor with a non-standard semiconductor converter. It is necessary to develop a mathematical model of the BLDC motor-based electric drive that takes into account the structural features of the electric motor and allows for semiconductor converter configuration variability. The model is designed in the Matlab Simulink environment. The verification is carried out by comparing the modelling results with experimental data obtained previously by other researchers. The proposed method for generating phase back-EMF in the BLDC motor model provides the possibility for the user to set the EMF form templates independent for each phase. The proposed method for stator circuit simulating provides the user with access to each of the stator windings leads as well as with the possibility of asymmetric determination of each parameter of the electric motor. Upon verification, it has been shown that the difference in the control points between the simulated and experimental speed-torque curves does not exceed 3,5 %. The developed model allows analyzing the static and dynamic characteristics of operation modes of non-standard topology BLDC motor-based electric drives taking into account the stator pa-rameters asymmetry and the real phase back-EMF waveform. The specified features of the model allow exploring the operation of the designed electric drive, taking into account the BLDC motor and converter design. The model can be applied when checking atypical design decisions and when changing the set parameters of the electric drive and restrictions on working conditions and target functions to refine the control system algorithms and automate the search for optimal parameters of the motor and the semiconductor converter.

scholarly journals THERMODYNAMIC UNCERTAINTY RELATION AS A FUNDAMENTAL ASPECT OF QUANTUM THERMODYNAMICS

2018 ◽  
pp. 17-29
Author(s):  
Anton А. Artamonov ◽  
Еvgeny Plotnikov
Keyword(s):  
Transport Properties ◽  
Uncertainty Relation ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Silicon Crystal ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Fundamental Aspect ◽  
Quantum Computers ◽  
State Control ◽  
Quantum Thermodynamics ◽  
The Moment

The paper addresses physics of thermodynamic fluctuations in temperature and energy. These fluctuations are interrelated and, hence, can affect various micro- and macro systems. It is shown that the thermodynamic uncertainty relation must be taken into account in the physics of superconductivity, in quantum computations and other branches of science, where temperature and energy fluctuations play a critical role. One of the most important applications of quantum thermodynamics is quantum computers. It is assumed that in the near future the state structures will create a specific quantum cryptocurrency obtained using quantum computing. The quantum cryptocurrency exhibits two main features: the maximum reliability (quantum protection against hacking threats) and the possibility of state control (at the moment, only large scientific state centers have quantum computers). The paper reviews the studies aimed to theoretically prove the validity of the thermodynamic uncertainty relation. This relation connects fluctuations in temperature and energy of a system. Other similar relations are considered, including the relationship between fluctuations in pressure and volume, in entropy and temperature, and others. The main purpose of the paper is to validate the thermodynamic analogue of the uncertainty relation that interconnects temperature and energy fluctuations. Experimental data was obtained on the basis of the study of the transport properties of semiconductor devices – transistors. In the experiment, the transport properties of a pair of semiconductor transistors placed on a single silicon crystal were studied. In this system, one transistor was used to determine temperature fluctuations, and the other one was employed to estimate energy fluctuations. The key role of the thermodynamic uncertainty relation in modern thermodynamics has been clarified. The performed experimental studies confirm the validity of the thermodynamic uncertainty relation.

Practical Application of the Similarity Law of Structures in the Reconstruction of the Surface Layer of Bricks

2021 ◽  
Vol 1017 ◽  
pp. 21-30
Author(s):  
Victor Danilov ◽  
Arkady Ayzenshtadt ◽  
Maria Frolova
Keyword(s):  
Surface Layer ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
The Body ◽  
Atmospheric Water ◽  
A Value ◽  
Architectural Monument ◽  
Similarity Law ◽  
Selection Of

This paper discusses the results of experimental studies on the selection of the repair mixture compound for recreating the surface layer of the historical brick of the 18th century architectural monument “Commercial Bank” in Arkhangelsk. According to the research results, it was found that the historical brick has a relatively higher density and increased calcium content than the modern one. The characteristics of the surfaces of the analyzed materials based on the component indicators of specific surface energy showed that the brick of 1859, characterized by the highest degree of destruction, has the maximum value of the polar energy component. This fact may indicate a greater hydrophilicity of the surface in relation to atmospheric water and, as a result, a more intensive degradation process. It is established that the composition of the repair mixture with the addition of brick crumbs in the amount of 50 % has a value of the polar part of the surface tension equal to similar parameters for historical bricks (1786 and 1859) after their preliminary priming. The use of this mixture to recreate the surface layer of the brick will allow atmospheric water to pass freely through the repair compound and the body of the brick, without concentrating on the interface and without causing its destruction and detachment when drying.

scholarly journals Study of spindle drives for boring machines

2019 ◽  
Vol 287 ◽  
pp. 01026 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marin Zhilevski ◽  
Mikho Mikhov
Keyword(s):  
Electric Drive ◽  
Machine Tools ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Program Control ◽  
Electric Drives ◽  
Technological Processes ◽  
Boring Machines ◽  
Drive Systems

This paper examines the main requirements for the electric drive systems of a class of boring machines with digital program control. On this basis, a methodology for choice of the spindle drives is offered. The algorithm takes into account the specific features of the technological processes, the treated materials, the tools used and their wear, as well as the mechanical gear types. The experimental studies of the implemented electric drives for the spindle are presented and discussed. The research carried out and the results obtained can be used in the development of such drives for the studied class of machine tools.

Performance of Planter Electric-drive Seed Meter during Simulated Planting Scenarios

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 925-935
Author(s):  
Ryan Strasser ◽  
Sylvester Badua ◽  
Ajay Sharda ◽  
Devin Mangus ◽  
Lucas Haag
Keyword(s):  
Response Time ◽  
Electric Drive ◽  
Performance Test ◽  
Steady States ◽  
List Type ◽  
Motor Speed ◽  
Seeding Rate ◽  
Ground Speed ◽  
Transient States ◽  
Test Scenarios

Highlights. Seed meter rpm error decreased with increasing planter speed during steady states.Point-row operations could result in up to 10-13 seeds being over- or under-planted.Seed meter rpm error varied from -7.2% to 7.9% during curve planting transient states. Abstract. Electric drive seed metering systems have become a common method for singulating row crop seed. These singulation systems have substantially fewer moving parts and can potentially respond more quickly than other drive mechanisms. However, the accuracy and response time of these systems has yet to be examined to quantify potential benefits of adoption. The objectives of this study were (1) to quantify accuracy and response time of electric meter drives to varying ground speeds and speed transitions during in-lab simulation planting operations on straight-line and curves, and (2) to compare actual seed meter motor speed to target meter speed during simulation field scenarios. To quantify metering system performance, test scenarios were developed to simulate planting on headlands, within field boundaries including traversing in-field obstacles, and planting on curves with different radii. Ground speeds during simulation scenarios were 7.2, 12.9, and 16.1 kph when operating on straight rows and 6.0, 8, 11, and 14.5 kph when planting along curvilinear paths. Test scenarios also included planter acceleration and deceleration at 0.4 and 0.6 m/s2 when traversing in-field obstacles and tighter radii curves. Tests were conducted with two different seeding rates, 44,460 and 88,920 seeds/ha. Eight high frequency encoders were mounted on the electric meters of selected row units to record real-time meter rpm and quantify seed meter accuracy and response time. A custom DAQ system was developed to read simulation test scenario data files in ASCII text file format and send prescribed ground speed commands to the Horsch Maestro 24.30 planter’s ECU at 10 Hz using a program written in LabVIEW. Results indicated that seed metering accuracy increased as ground speed increased resulting in a significantly lower seed meter rpm error at 16.1 kph under steady-state conditions. During transient states, seed meters needed 3 to 4 s to respond during deceleration and acceleration resulting to seed meter rpm error ranging from -3.7% to 3.6% at 44,460 seeds/ha seeding rate and from -3.8% to 3.2% at 88,920 seeds/ha seeding rate. During point-row operations, the response time of the meters was 0.4 s which could result in up to 10 seeds being under-planted and up to 13 seeds being over-planted per row unit. During curvilinear planting, seed meter rpm error for steady states ranged from -0.5% to 0.8% across varying turn radii resulting to seeding rate error ranging from -223 to 370 seeds/ha while during transient states seed meter rpm error varied from -7.2% to 7.9% resulting to seeding rate error ranging from -5,886 to 7,187 seeds/ha. Keywords: Seed meter rpm, Seeding rate error, Simulation, Variable rate planting, Planter meter.

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