Malakoplakia of the Bladder in a 4-Month-Old Puppy

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (5) ◽  
pp. 261-265
Author(s):  
Caroline Benzimra ◽  
Chloé Job ◽  
Quentin Pascal ◽  
Stéphane Bureau ◽  
Anaïs Combes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Histological Examination ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Granulomatous Inflammation ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Wall Thickening ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Mass Lesions ◽  
Lost To Follow Up

ABSTRACT A 4 mo old female Staffordshire bull terrier puppy was presented with chronic Escherichia coli cystitis. Ultrasound and cystoscopic examination revealed innumerable, intraluminal, finger-like proliferations arising from the dorsal urinary bladder (UB) wall. Histological examination of mucosal biopsies obtained by cystoscopy was suggestive of granulomatous cystitis. The proliferative lesions were removed surgically and submitted for histological examination. The UB submucosa was heavily infiltrated by macrophages with periodic acid-Schiff–positive cytoplasm exhibiting rare Michaelis-Gutmann bodies, leading to the diagnosis of malakoplakia. The puppy was prescribed with sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim. The urinary signs disappeared despite the persistent UB wall thickening revealed by abdominal ultrasound. Urine culture performed during the ninth week of treatment showed a persistent infection by E coli resistant to sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim. The dog was switched to doxycycline but was then lost to follow-up. Malakoplakia is a chronic granulomatous inflammation well documented in humans. Its pathophysiology is not fully understood, but bacterial infection, immunodepression, and a defective lysosomal function may lead to the intracytoplasmic accumulation of partially degraded bacteria that can subsequently mineralize to form the Michaelis-Gutmann bodies. Malakoplakia should be suspected when UB mass lesions are identified in a young dog with bacterial cystitis.

Dematiaceous fungal invasion of a bandage contact lens

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. e240029
Author(s):  
Anirban Dutta ◽  
Sujata Das ◽  
Himanshu Sekhara Behera ◽  
Ruchi Mittal
Keyword(s):  
Contact Lens ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Dematiaceous Fungi ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Bandage Contact Lens ◽  
History Of ◽  
Eye Examination ◽  
The Right

A 61-year-old man presented with a 1-month history of reduced vision, redness and pain in the right eye. Examination revealed a bandage contact lens (BCL) in situ with diffuse, pigmented deposits. On removal, the underlying cornea was found to be clear. He had been prescribed the BCL 6 months ago following a deep-seated corneal foreign body removal and was unable to follow-up subsequently.The BCL was sent for microbiological and histopathological evaluation. The culture revealed growth of Cladosporium spp, a dematiaceous fungi. Periodic acid–Schiff staining revealed infiltration of pigmented fungal filaments into the substance of the BCL.While contact lens deposits are a frequent finding, fungal deposits are seldom noted. Irregular follow-up and improper lens maintenance are significant risk factors for the same. Early identification and subsequent removal of the lens is vital to prevent infection of the underlying ocular structures.

scholarly journals Barrett’s Esophagus and Cardiac Intestinal Metaplasia: Two Conditions within the Same Spectrum

2008 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 369-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole White ◽  
Manal Gabril ◽  
Gershon Ejeckam ◽  
Maria Mathews ◽  
John Fardy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Metaplasia ◽  
Barrett’S Esophagus ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Barrett's Esophagus ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Acid Reflux ◽  
Cytokeratin 20 ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff

BACKGROUND: Immunostaining for cytokeratin 7 (CK7) and cytokeratin 20 (CK20) has a characteristic pattern in Barrett’s esophagus (BE), but reports regarding its sensitivity and specificity are inconsistent. Intestinal metaplasia of the gastric cardia (CIM) is histologically similar to BE, but with no abnormal endoscopic findings.OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of a semi-quantitative CK7/CK20 immunostaining pattern for the diagnosis of BE, and to further elucidate the pathogenesis of CIM.METHODS: Tissues were examined by hematoxylin and eosin and periodic acid schiff/alcian blue stains, and then were immunostained with CK7 and CK20 antibodies. Correlations with other clinical parameters were statistically analyzed.RESULTS: When values were revised based on follow-up data and auxiliary testing, all BE cases (100%) displayed the characteristic BE CK7/CK20 immunostaining pattern, compared with 66% of CIM cases. In the subgroup of patients who were endoscopically and immunohistochemistry-positive but histologically negative, all patients except for one had documented BE when clinical history, auxiliary testing and follow-up were evaluated. There were no statistically significant differences between BE and CIM regardingHelicobacter pyloriinfection or the type of metaplasia (complete versus incomplete). The sensitivity of the CK7/CK20 pattern reached 100% in the subgroup of CIM patients with a history of acid reflux. Of 26 cases of CIM where follow-up was available, four cases (15%) progressed to BE, and one developed dysplasia. All four cases showed the BE pattern of CK7/CK20 staining and were negative forH pyloriinfection.CONCLUSIONS: A semiquantitative CK7/CK20 pattern can be used to confirm BE even in the absence of histological evidence. The subgroup of CIM with acid reflux may develop into BE and may need closer follow-up.

scholarly journals Actinomycosis is not Frequent in the Periapex But is a Persistent Lesion

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 688-693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Senhorinho Esteves ◽  
Águida Cristina Gomes Henriques ◽  
Carolina Ávila Varginha de Moraes e Silva ◽  
Maria Cristina Teixeira Cangussu ◽  
Eduardo Antônio Gonçalves Ramos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Lesion Size ◽  
Periapical Lesion ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Bacterial Colony ◽  
Periapical Lesions ◽  
Criteria For Diagnosis ◽  
Hematoxylin Eosin

Abstract Periapical actinomycosis caused by a gram-positive anaerobic pathogen characterizes a typical extra-radicular infection. This study determined the frequency and correlated the content of bacteria colonies with the of periapical actinomycosis size. The study comprised a total of 218 periapical lesions (PL) (cysts, granulomas or abscess). The specimens embedded in paraffin were sliced into 4-µm sections and stained with hematoxylin-eosin, Gram, Periodic Acid-Schiff (PAS) and Grocott’s stain. The presence of bacterial colonies composed of filamentous structures labeled with the histochemical stains were described as Actinomyces, and for each case, the bacterial colonies were counted and measured. The correlation between the number and size of bacterial colonies and the size of PL was tested using Pearson’s adjusted correlation coefficient. From 218 PL, bacterial colonies were identified in 64 biopsies. Seven cases (0.3%) fulfill the criteria for diagnosis of periapical actinomycosis. All of cases were therapy-resistant and did not showed periapical repair after 12 months of follow-up. Periapical surgery or dental extraction was performed. The correlation test indicated no correlation between the number of bacterial colonies and the lesion size (p=0.752, r=-0.148). However, a larger bacterial colony size generally resulted in a larger periapical lesion (P=0.000, r=0.657). The frequency of periapical actinomycosis was low, and this lesion should be included in the differential diagnosis of PL. The size of the Actinomyces colonies seemed to contribute to increase the size of the periapical lesion.

scholarly journals Severe Disseminated Necrotizing and Granulomatous Lymphadenitis and Encephalitis in a Dog Due to Sporotrichum pruinosum (Teleomorph: Phanerochaete chrysosporium)

2017 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 298-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Drew R. Magstadt ◽  
Amanda J. Fales-Williams ◽  
Jean-Sébastien Palerme ◽  
Heather Flaherty ◽  
Tracy Lindquist ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phanerochaete Chrysosporium ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Granulomatous Inflammation ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Common Finding ◽  
Initial Examination ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Fungal Organisms ◽  
Sporotrichum Pruinosum

A 9-year-old female mixed breed dog presented for an acute onset of anorexia, vomiting, and cough. Initial examination and diagnostics revealed a large multilobular cranial mediastinal mass with unidentified fungal organisms on cytology. The disease progressed in spite of therapy until the dog was euthanized 8 months later. Gross necropsy findings were a large multilobular intrathoracic mass, mild pleuritis, and generalized lymphadenopathy. Histologic evaluation showed granulomatous inflammation and necrosis with numerous 20- to 70-micron, periodic acid–Schiff- and Gomori methenamine silver-positive spherules effacing lymph node parenchyma, as well as severe inflammation within the midbrain. Endosporulation was a common finding, and large numbers of fungal hyphae were also present in affected areas. Ribosomal RNA gene sequencing found 100% identity to published sequences of Phanerochaete chrysosporium, the teleomorph form of Sporotrichum pruinosum. This is the first published report of disease caused by natural infection with this basidiomycete organism in animals.

scholarly journals Hypertrophic gastropathy associated with gastric sarcoma in a dog

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-115
Author(s):  
Mariarita Romanucci ◽  
Paolo E. Crisi ◽  
Maria Veronica Giordano ◽  
Morena Di Tommaso ◽  
Francesco Simeoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Smooth Muscle Actin ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Neuron Specific Enolase ◽  
Partial Gastrectomy ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Gastric Body ◽  
Gastric Glands ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Gastric Lumen

A 14-y-old spayed female Labrador Retriever was presented with an 8-mo history of chronic vomiting. Abdominal ultrasound and gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed a mass protruding into the gastric lumen, with cytologic features suggestive of sarcoma. A partial gastrectomy was performed; the gastric body and antrum were thickened, with a cerebriform appearance of the mucosal surface. Histologic examination revealed a submucosal neoplastic proliferation of fusiform cells variably arranged in irregular bundles and scattered whorls. Fusiform cells strongly reacted to antibodies against vimentin, S100, and neuron-specific enolase; glial fibrillary acidic protein was moderately and multifocally expressed. Pancytokeratin, KIT, α–smooth muscle actin, and desmin were nonreactive. Histologic and immunohistochemical findings suggested a diagnosis of gastric sarcoma with features referable to a non-GIST (gastrointestinal stromal tumor), non–smooth muscle NIMT (non-angiogenic, non-lymphogenic intestinal mesenchymal tumor). The overlying gastric mucosa was thickened by elongated and dilated gastric glands, predominantly lined by intensely periodic acid-Schiff–stained mucous cells. This altered mucosal architecture was suggestive of Ménétrier-like disease. Although this disease has been hypothesized to predispose to gastric adenocarcinoma in dogs, an association with gastric sarcoma has not been documented previously in the veterinary literature, to our knowledge.

Gastrointestinal Basidiobolomycosis: An Unusual Fungal Infection Mimicking Colon Cancer

2009 ◽  
Vol 133 (12) ◽  
pp. 1938-1942
Author(s):  
Dalal Nemenqani ◽  
Nausheen Yaqoob ◽  
Hatem Khoja ◽  
Osama Al Saif ◽  
Nasir K. Amra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatal Outcome ◽  
Granulomatous Inflammation ◽  
Endoscopic Biopsy ◽  
Diagnostic Significance ◽  
Abdominal Disease ◽  
Typical Morphology ◽  
Diagnostic Difficulties ◽  
Lost To Follow Up ◽  
Histopathologic Findings

Abstract Context.—Basidiobolomycosis is a rare disease caused by the fungus Basidiobolus ranarum, an environmental saprophyte found worldwide. Patients with B ranarum infection may present with subcutaneous, gastrointestinal, or systemic lesions. Gastrointestinal basidiobolomycosis poses diagnostic difficulties, as its clinical presentation is nonspecific, with no identifiable risk factors. Objective.—To discuss and compare the clinical features and histopathologic findings and other ancillary techniques that could be helpful in identifying gastrointestinal basidiobolomycosis. Design.—We report 3 cases of gastrointestinal basidiobolomycosis and describe the clinical and morphologic findings while emphasizing the importance of identifying this unusual entity on endoscopic biopsies, thus avoiding unnecessary major surgeries. Fungal cultures were also performed, which are of diagnostic significance. Our first patient was lost to follow-up; however, patients 2 and 3 were followed up for 4 and 2 years, respectively. Results.—In all 3 cases, patients presented with a clinical profile suggestive of malignancy. None of the patients gave any specific history. There was widespread abdominal disease with peritoneal involvement and colonic masses. Colonoscopic biopsy specimens showed nonspecific inflammation in 1 case; however, they showed only granulomatous inflammation in a second case and granulomas associated with fungal hyphae in a third. Typical morphology included hyphae, irregularly branched, thin-walled, occasionally septated and surrounded by a thick eosinophilic cuff (Splendore-Hoeppli phenomenon). Conclusion.—Gastrointestinal basidiobolomycosis can be detected on small endoscopic biopsy. The unequivocal diagnosis requires microbiologic cultivation of the fungus obtained from tissues. The prognosis for this disease is usually favorable as seen in 3 of our cases; however, cases with fatal outcome are on record.

scholarly journals Granulomatous colitis: more than a canine disease? A case of Escherichia coli-associated granulomatous colitis in an adult cat

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 205511691773116
Author(s):  
Rodolfo Oliveira Leal ◽  
Kenny Simpson ◽  
Mélanie Fine ◽  
Jean-Charles Husson ◽  
Juan Hernandez
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
In Situ Hybridisation ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Fluorescence In Situ Hybridisation ◽  
Granulomatous Colitis ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Adult Cat

Case summary This report describes a 4-year-old cat with chronic intermittent haematochezia and faecal incontinence of 7 months’ duration. Investigation revealed severe colonic multifocal mucosal ulcerations and infiltration of the mucosal lamina propria by large numbers of periodic acid–Schiff-positive macrophages. Fluorescence in situ hybridisation analysis of colonic biopsies revealed multifocal clusters of intracellular Escherichia coli. Treatment with fluoroquinolones for 6 weeks led to a complete resolution of clinical signs. Relevance and novel information The findings reveal that mucosally invasive E coli can also be associated with granulomatous colitis in cats and indicate the need for diagnostic testing of mucosal samples for E coli and other infectious agents.

scholarly journals Results of Medium Seventeen Years’ Follow-Up after Laparoscopic Choledochotomy for Ductal Stones

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Quaresima ◽  
Andrea Balla ◽  
Mario Guerrieri ◽  
Giovanni Lezoche ◽  
Roberto Campagnacci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biliary Drainage ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Endoscopic Retrograde ◽  
T Tube ◽  
Laparoscopic Choledochotomy ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Correct Technique ◽  
Lost To Follow Up

Introduction. In a previously published article the authors reported the long-term follow-up results in 138 consecutive patients with gallstones and common bile duct (CBD) stones who underwent laparoscopic transverse choledochotomy (TC) with T-tube biliary drainage and laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). Aim of this study is to evaluate the results at up to 23 years of follow-up in the same series.Methods. One hundred twenty-one patients are the object of the present study. Patients were evaluated by clinical visit, blood assay, and abdominal ultrasound. Symptomatic patients underwent cholangio-MRI, followed by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) as required.Results. Out of 121 patients, 61 elderly patients died from unrelated causes. Fourteen patients were lost to follow-up. In the 46 remaining patients, ductal stone recurrence occurred in one case (2,1%) successfully managed by ERCP with endoscopic sphincterotomy. At a mean follow-up of 17.1 years no other patients showed signs of bile stasis and no patient showed any imaging evidence of CBD stricture at the site of choledochotomy.Conclusions. Laparoscopic transverse choledochotomy with routine T-tube biliary drainage during LC has proven to be safe and effective at up to 23 years of follow-up, with no evidence of CBD stricture when the procedure is performed with a correct technique.

scholarly journals Peritoneal Sarcoidosis Mimicking Peritoneal Tuberculosis and Advanced Ovarian Carcinoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Brittany N. Robles ◽  
Catherine Shea ◽  
Ghadir Salame
Keyword(s):  
Local Community ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Granulomatous Inflammation ◽  
Unknown Origin ◽  
Cyst Formation ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
African American Female ◽  
Peritoneal Tuberculosis ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Antituberculosis Treatment

Sarcoidosis is an inflammatory disease that affects one or multiple organs, most commonly the lungs and lymph nodes. This disease can present in a variety of ways which often makes diagnosis difficult. A 54-year-old postmenopausal African American female with a history of omental carcinomatosis of unknown origin was referred to the gynecology-oncology service at a local community hospital following a laparoscopic incarcerated hernia repair where multiple abdominal lesions suspicious of ovarian carcinomatosis were visualized. She was brought to the operating room for a diagnostic laparoscopy at which point the intra-abdominal survey revealed white tubercle-like lesions that were consistent with peritoneal tuberculosis. The lesions were excised and sent to pathology. The omentum biopsy was originally reported as adipose tissue showing focal fibrosis, focal mild acute inflammation, few cyst formation, and multiple granulomatous chronic inflammation, with multinucleated giant cells. Periodic acid-Schiff stain and acid fast bacilli stain were negative, and a diagnosis of peritoneal tuberculosis was made. The patient was started on an antituberculosis treatment regimen; however, she was not improving. The pathology slides were reexamined and revealed nonnecrotizing granulomatous inflammation consistent with sarcoidosis. The patient was immediately referred to the department of pulmonology and rheumatology, at which point she was started on corticosteroids and had an improvement in her condition.

scholarly journals Desmoplastic trichilemmoma of the scalp: case report and literature review of immunohistochemical staining features

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (8) ◽  
pp. 3918-3925
Author(s):  
Shan Zhong ◽  
Li Wang ◽  
Xue-ling Mei
Keyword(s):  
Immunohistochemical Staining ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Outer Root Sheath ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Root Sheath ◽  
Desmoplastic Stroma ◽  
Negative Tumor ◽  
Columnar Cells

Desmoplastic trichilemmoma (DT) of the scalp is a rare disease. In this report, we describe a 67-year-old man who had a small papule lesion around the hairline of the left scalp for more than 40 years. The lesion had rapidly grown to become a solitary, round, 15-mm neoplasm within 6 months. Histopathological examination showed that the mass was composed of a peripheral layer of columnar cells with nuclear palisading resembling the outer root sheath; the mass was surrounded by a thickened glassy basement membrane. The stroma in the center of the mass displayed solid, hyaline degeneration and an eosinophilic pattern, streaked with epithelial cords or islands. Immunohistochemical evaluation showed diastase-resistant, periodic acid–Schiff-positive desmoplastic stroma at the center, and Ber-EP4-negative tumor cells (CD34-positive focally and Bcl-2-positive at the periphery). The tumor was completely resected, and no recurrence occurred during the follow-up period. In this report, we also summarize immunohistochemical features from previous reports of DT, facilitating differential diagnosis of DT from some invasive skin tumors.

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