scholarly journals EPISODIC MEMORY IMPAIRMENT IN PROGRESSIVE SUPRANUCLEAR PALSY (PSP): A NEUROIMAGING INVESTIGATION

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Cassa Macedo ◽  
Luciano Inácio ◽  
Mariano Elisa De Paula França Resende ◽  
Antônio Lúcio Teixeira Júnior ◽  
Sarah Teixeira Camargos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Progressive Supranuclear Palsy ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Executive Dysfunction ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Parahippocampal Gyrus ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Delayed Recall ◽  
Temporal Structures

Background: Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) has been classically considered a “subcortical dementia” with a frontal pattern of cognitive decline, but episodic memory dysfunction also occurs in most patients. However, it remains uncertain whether this is due to executive dysfunction or to the involvement of key brain areas responsible for memory processes. Objective: We aim to identify the specific brain regions underlying episodic memory impairment in PSP. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we included 21 patients with PSP and 20 healthy controls matched for age, sex, and schooling. Participants underwent the Brief Cognitive Battery (BCB, including the Figures Test for episodic memory) and had brain MRI. Both standard exploratory voxel‐based morphometry and region of interest analyses were performed with FSL software. Results: Compared to controls, PSP patients performed worse (p < 0.001) on the BCB (delayed recall). Adjusting for both age and Frontal Assessment Battery scores, neuroimaging analyses of the correlation between delayed recall (5 minutes) and grey matter volumes yielded significant clusters on medial temporal structures, including the hippocampus, entorhinal cortex, and parahippocampal gyrus (FWE, p < 0.05). Conclusion: Our results suggest that atrophy of medial temporal structures may play a role in episodic memory impairment in PSP, indicating that amnesia in PSP is not due to executive dysfunction.

scholarly journals Delayed recall memory impairment in patients with Parkinson's disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 204-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Oscar Schelp ◽  
Cristiane Lara Mendes-Chiloff ◽  
Vanessa Cristina Paduan ◽  
José Eduardo Corrente ◽  
Fabrício Diniz de Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Delayed Recall ◽  
Recall Memory ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
With Memory

ABSTRACT Age is one of the risk factors for dementia in patients with Parkinson's disease (PDD). Distinct cognitive syndromes of Parkinson's disease (PD) have been identified in previous studies. Questions about the role of such cognitive disorders in PD outcomes, especially memory dysfunction, in patients with PD remain unanswered. Objective: To establish possible correlations between delayed recall memory (episodic memory), age, and other demographic variables in patients with PD. Methods: A two-stage protocol was applied. Patients with delayed recall memory compromise, selected based on a brief battery of tests (BBRC-Edu), were classified as dementia cases and submitted to the Mattis Dementia Rating Scale (MDRS). Data from patients with memory disturbances were compared against individuals without episodic memory impairment, and correlated with age and demographic variables. Results: Except for identification and naming, all subtests in the screening battery showed a significant difference (p≤0.0001) between the memory-compromised group (case) and the group without memory impairment (no case). The results also correlated negatively with age (p≤0.0001) and positively with level of education (p=0.0874) in patients with PD. Conclusion: The analysis showed a significant relationship between age and dementia characterized by impaired episodic memory. The findings support reports of a wide spectrum of neuropsychological performance impairment in PD with age, particularly dementia associated with memory deterioration. No correlations between disease duration and cognitive dysfunction were evident.

scholarly journals No association of serum sTREM2 and MRI-based brain volume in elderly people living in a rural community: a 7-year follow-up study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryuzo Orihashi ◽  
Yoshito Mizoguchi ◽  
Yoshiomi Imamura ◽  
Shigeto Yamada ◽  
Akira Monji
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Brain Volume ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Soluble Form ◽  
Clinical Dementia Rating ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Baseline Evaluation

Abstract BackgroundThis study aimed to investigate the association between serum levels of soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (sTREM2), a soluble form of an innate immune receptor expressed on the microglia, and brain volume in elderly people.MethodsThe survey was conducted twice in Kurokawa-cho, Imari, Saga Prefecture, Japan, among people aged 65 years and older. We collected data from 596 residents. Serum sTREM2 level measurements, brain MRI, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) were performed at Time 1 (2009–2011). Follow-up brain MRI, MMSE, and CDR were performed at Time 2 (2016–2017). The interval between Time 1 and Time 2 was approximately 7 years. Sixty-nine participants (16 men, mean age 72.69 ± 3.18 years; 53 women, mean age 72.68 ± 4.64 years) completed this study. We analyzed the correlation between serum sTREM2 levels (Time 1) and brain volume (Time 1, Time 2, and Time 1–Time 2 difference) using voxel-based morphometry implemented with Statistical Parametric Mapping.ResultsParticipants in this study had lower MMSE and CDR scores 7 years after the baseline evaluation. However, analyses at the cluster level by applying multiple comparison corrections (family wise error; P < 0.05) showed no correlation between serum sTREM2 levels and volume of different brain regions, either cross-sectional or longitudinal. ConclusionsSerum sTREM2 level could not serve as an immune biomarker of aging-related volume changes in brain regions closely related to cognitive function in elderly people aged 65 years and above.

scholarly journals Medial prefrontal decoupling from the default mode network benefits memory

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.C.J. Müller ◽  
M. Dresler ◽  
G. Janzen ◽  
C.F. Beckmann ◽  
G Fernández ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Task Demands ◽  
Parahippocampal Gyrus ◽  
Developmental Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Memory Processing ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
New Material

AbstractIn the last few years the involvement of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) in memory processing has received increased attention. It is centrally involved when we use prior knowledge (schemas) to improve learning of new material. With the mPFC also being one of the core hubs of the default mode network (DMN) and the DMN’s role in memory retrieval, we decided to investigate whether the mPFC in a schema paradigm acts independently of the DMN. We tested this with data from a cross-sectional developmental study. During retrieval of schema items, the mPFC decoupled from the DMN with the degree of decoupling predicting memory performance. This finding suggests that a demand specific reconfiguration of the DMN supports schema memory. Additionally, we found that in the control condition, which relied on episodic memory, activity in the parahippocampal gyrus was positively related to memory performance. We interpret these results as a demand specific network reconfiguration of the DMN: a decoupling of the mPFC to support schema memory and a decoupling of the parahippocampal gyrus facilitating episodic memory. This supports the notion of dynamic reconfiguration of brain networks in response to task demands in the sense of process specific alliances.

scholarly journals 18F-AV1451 PET imaging and white matter changes in progressive supranuclear palsy

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicolas Nicastro ◽  
Patricia Vazquez Rodriguez ◽  
Maura Malpetti ◽  
William Richard Bevan-Jones ◽  
P. Simon Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
White Matter ◽  
Progressive Supranuclear Palsy ◽  
Pet Imaging ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Mean Diffusivity ◽  
White Matter Integrity ◽  
Tau Pathology ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
White Matter Changes

ABSTRACTIntroductionProgressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is characterized by deposition of straight filament tau aggregates in the grey matter of deep nuclei and cerebellum. White matter changes are increasingly documented as a feature of degenerative parkinsonism. We therefore examined the relationship between tau pathology (assessed via 18F-AV1451 positron emission tomography) and white matter integrity (using diffusion tensor imaging, DTI) in PSP.MethodsTwenty-three people with clinically probable PSP-Richardson’s syndrome (age 68.8 ± 5.8 years, 39% female) and 23 controls underwent structural 3T brain MRI including DTI. Twenty-one patients also underwent 18F-AV145 PET imaging. DTI group comparisons were performed using Fractional Anisotropy (FA), Mean Diffusivity (MD) and Radial Diffusivity (RD). Voxel-wise white matter integrity was correlated with 18F-AV1451 binding in typical subcortical PSP regions of interest (i.e. putamen, pallidum, thalamus and midbrain). DTI and 18F-AV1451 imaging measures were correlated with clinical impairment.ResultsWidespread DTI changes in PSP subjects relative to controls (family-wise error FWE p<0.01) were observed. In PSP, higher 18F-AV1451 binding correlated with reduced white matter integrity in the bilateral internal capsule, corona radiata, and superior longitudinal fasciculus (FWE p<0.05). Association between cognitive impairment (ACER score) and white matter deficits were found in the genu of corpus callosum and cingulum (p<0.005).ConclusionThis cross-sectional study demonstrates an association between in vivo proxy measures of tau pathology and white matter degeneration in PSP. Longitudinal studies and more specific PET probes for non-Alzheimer tauopathies are warranted to assess the complex interplay between microstructural changes and protein deposition in PSP.

scholarly journals Memory Performance in Patient with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Using MoCA-Ina in Hasan Sadikin Genneral Hospital Bandung

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Safira Anjalia ◽  
Paulus Anam Ong ◽  
Nur Atik ◽  
Laniyati Hamijoyo
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Montreal Cognitive Assessment ◽  
Systemic Lupus ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Delayed Recall ◽  
Immediate Recall

Background: The involvement of neuropsychiatry is reported in 6% to 91% of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) patients. It can cause fatal morbidity and mortality. Memory impairment is one of the most common symptoms of neuropsychiatry involvement. This study aims to find out the performance of memory test in SLE patients using Indonesian version of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-Ina).Method: This cross sectional study recruited 30 SLE patients. Cognitive abilities and patient’s memory were examined using Indonesian version of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-Ina). Cognitive impairment was determined when total MoCA-Ina score was below 26. For memory evaluation, immediate recall or delayed recall impairment was determined when the patient failed in each memory subtests.Results: The mean of total MoCA-Ina score was 24.97 (SD±3.14). Fifty percent of the SLE patients had cognitive impairment, with the domain involved being delayed recall (86.67%), attention (60%), language (56.67%), abstraction (53.33%), and visuo-spatial/ executive function (36.67%). Most patients (86.67%) could completely repeat immediate recall. Whileonly 4 (13.33%) subjects could repeat delayed recall completely without any clue. Of the 26 SLE patients who failed to recall completely, 24 (92.3%) of them succeeded to recall completely after getting clue(s).Conclusion: Memory impairment is the most frequent cognitive impairment in SLE patients, especially in delayed recall. By using the memory subtests of MoCAIna, more than four fifth of patients with SLE was detected having delayed recall memory impairment and almost all of them could recalled completely after getting clue(s). This findings indicated that the finalstep of memory process retrieval in SLE was interrupted while being encoded, but retention pathway were stillintact.Keywords: Systemic Lupus Erythematous, Memory, MoCA-Ina

Phonemic Verbal Fluency and Midbrain Atrophy in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Antonina Luca ◽  
Alessandra Nicoletti ◽  
Giulia Donzuso ◽  
Claudio Terravecchia ◽  
Calogero Edoardo Cicero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Progressive Supranuclear Palsy ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Executive Dysfunction ◽  
Cognitive Status ◽  
Test Time ◽  
Neuropsychological Profile ◽  
Phonemic Verbal Fluency ◽  
The Relationship

Background: The neuropsychological profile of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) patients is mainly characterized by executive dysfunction, but the relationship between the latter and midbrain atrophy is still unclear. Objective: The aims of the study were to investigate which test evaluating executive functioning is more frequently impaired in PSP patients and to evaluate the relationship between midbrain-based MRI morphometric measures and executive dysfunction. Methods: PSP patients who had undergone a neuropsychological battery assessing executive functioning with the Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB), the phonemic verbal fluency F-A-S, the Raven’s Progressive Colored Matrix, and the Stroop word colors test (time and errors) were enrolled in the study. A group of Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients matched by age, sex, education, and global cognitive status was selected. All the enrolled patients also underwent a volumetric T1-3D brain MRI. Results: Thirty-five PSP patients and 35 PD patients were enrolled. Patients with PSP as compared to patients with PD showed a significant greater impairment in verbal fluency (16.0±7.9 and 23.4±8.7 words/180 s; p <  0.001) and a significant lower score at the FAB total score (11.5±3.8 and 13.7±3.4; p = 0.013). Midbrain area was significantly smaller in PSP patients than in PD patients (83.9±20.1 and 134.5±19.9 mm2; p <  0.001). In PSP patients, a significant positive correlation between verbal fluency and the midbrain area (r = 0.421; p = 0.028) was observed. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that the phonemic verbal fluency is among the most frequently impaired executive functions in PSP patients and is strongly correlated to midbrain atrophy.

scholarly journals Structural Covariance Networks in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: A Multisite ENIGMA-PGC Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gopalkumar Rakesh ◽  
Delin Sun ◽  
Mark Logue ◽  
Emily Clarke-Rubright ◽  
Brian M. O Leary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Occipital Cortex ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Parahippocampal Gyrus ◽  
Centrality Measures ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Structural Covariance ◽  
Functional Connections

Introduction - Cortical thickness (CT) and surface area (SA) are established biomarkers of brain pathology in posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Structural covariance networks (SCN) constructed from CT and SA may represent developmental associations, or unique interactions between brain regions, possibly influenced by a common causal antecedent. The ENIGMA-PGC PTSD Working Group aggregated PTSD and control subject data from 29 cohorts in five countries (3439). Methods - Using Destrieux Atlas, we built SCNs and compared centrality measures between PTSD subjects and controls. Centrality is a graph theory measure derived using SCN. Results - Notable nodes with higher CT-based centrality in PTSD compared to controls were left fusiform gyrus, left superior temporal gyrus, and right inferior temporal gyrus. We found sex-based centrality differences in bilateral frontal lobe regions, left anterior cingulate, left superior occipital cortex and right ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC). Comorbid PTSD and MDD showed higher CT-based centrality in the right anterior cingulate gyrus, right parahippocampal gyrus and lower SA-based centrality in left insular gyrus. Conclusion - Unlike previous studies with smaller sample sizes (less than 318), our study found differences in centrality measures using a sample size of 3439 subjects. This is the first cross-sectional study to examine SCN interactions with age, sex, and comorbid MDD. Although limited to group level inferences, centrality measures offer insights into nodal relationship to the entire functional connectome unlike approaches like seed-based connectivity or independent component analysis. Nodes having higher centrality have greater structural or functional connections, lending them invaluable for translational treatments like neuromodulation.

scholarly journals Sexual Dimorphism in the Brain Correlates of Adult-Onset Depression: A Pilot Structural and Functional 3T MRI Study

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Chiara Piani ◽  
Eleonora Maggioni ◽  
Giuseppe Delvecchio ◽  
Adele Ferro ◽  
Davide Gritti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Onset ◽  
Executive Dysfunction ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Brain Morphology ◽  
Parahippocampal Gyrus ◽  
Adult Onset ◽  
Sex Effects ◽  
Brain Correlates ◽  
The Brain

Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a disabling illness affecting more than 5% of the elderly population. Higher female prevalence and sex-specific symptomatology have been observed, suggesting that biologically-determined dimensions might affect the disease onset and outcome. Rumination and executive dysfunction characterize adult-onset MDD, but sex differences in these domains and in the related brain mechanisms are still largely unexplored. The present pilot study aimed to explore any interactions between adult-onset MDD and sex on brain morphology and brain function during a Go/No-Go paradigm. We hypothesized to detect diagnosis by sex effects on brain regions involved in self-referential processes and cognitive control. Twenty-four subjects, 12 healthy (HC) (mean age 68.7 y, 7 females and 5 males) and 12 affected by adult-onset MDD (mean age 66.5 y, 5 females and 7 males), underwent clinical evaluations and a 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) session. Diagnosis and diagnosis by sex effects were assessed on regional gray matter (GM) volumes and task-related functional MRI (fMRI) activations. The GM volume analyses showed diagnosis effects in left mid frontal cortex (p &lt; 0.01), and diagnosis by sex effects in orbitofrontal, olfactory, and calcarine regions (p &lt; 0.05). The Go/No-Go fMRI analyses showed MDD effects on fMRI activations in left precuneus and right lingual gyrus, and diagnosis by sex effects on fMRI activations in right parahippocampal gyrus and right calcarine cortex (p &lt; 0.001, ≥ 40 voxels). Our exploratory results suggest the presence of sex-specific brain correlates of adult-onset MDD–especially in regions involved in attention processing and in the brain default mode–potentially supporting cognitive and symptom differences between sexes.

Cognitive sequelae of methanol poisoning involve executive dysfunction and memory impairment in cross-sectional and long-term perspective

Alcohol ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 27-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Bezdicek ◽  
J. Michalec ◽  
M. Vaneckova ◽  
J. Klempir ◽  
I. Liskova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Memory Impairment ◽  
Executive Dysfunction ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Methanol Poisoning ◽  
Cognitive Sequelae

Learning, retrieval, and recognition are compromised in aMCI and mild AD: Are distinct episodic memory processes mediated by the same anatomical structures?

2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 205-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARCIO L. F. BALTHAZAR ◽  
CLARISSA L. YASUDA ◽  
FERNANDO CENDES ◽  
BENITO P. DAMASCENO
Keyword(s):  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Verbal Learning ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Functional System ◽  
Thalamic Nuclei ◽  
Delayed Recall ◽  
Memory Processes ◽  
Auditory Verbal Learning ◽  
New Information ◽  
Learning Test

AbstractPerformance of different episodic memory processes in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and mild Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and their anatomical correlates are not completely understood. We evaluated the performance of 48 subjects (17 with aMCI, 15 with mild AD, and 16 controls) on the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT). A brain MRI voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analysis was run with the aim of evaluating the correlations between RAVLT and gray matter density. All memory processes were compromised in aMCI and mild AD. Also, the same cerebral structures were involved in all RAVLT stages. Learning and delayed recall were more related to the medial prefrontal cortex and hippocampi, whereas recognition was more related to the thalamic nuclei and caudate nucleus, particularly in the left side. Our findings suggest that these structures may act as a complex functional system and are involved in the acquisition of new information. (JINS, 2010, 16, 205–209.)

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