scholarly journals Investigating the post-migration risk factors of unaccompanied minor refugees’ mental health – From a systems perspective in Austria

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (S1) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Arleta Anna Franczukowska
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systems Perspective ◽  
Unaccompanied Minor Refugees ◽  
Minor Refugees

scholarly journals A System Model of Post-Migration Risk Factors Affecting the Mental Health of Unaccompanied Minor Refugees in Austria—A Multi-Step Modeling Process Involving Expert Knowledge from Science and Practice

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (14) ◽  
pp. 5058
Author(s):  
Nicole Hynek ◽  
Arleta Franczukowska ◽  
Lydia Rössl ◽  
Günther Schreder ◽  
Anna Faustmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Care Services ◽  
Cognitive Mapping ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Expert Knowledge ◽  
System Model ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Unaccompanied Minor Refugees ◽  
Minor Refugees

Various studies have indicated that unaccompanied minor refugees (UMRs) have a higher risk of suffering from mental health problems than do accompanied minor refugees and general population norm. However, only a few studies provide data on UMRs regarding post-migration risk factors, their interrelations, and their influence on mental health. In this study, system models of post-migration risk factors for mental health and their interactions were developed in the case of Austria. In three consecutive interactive workshops with scientists and practitioners, fuzzy-logic cognitive mapping techniques were used to integrate the experts’ knowledge. The resulting final system model consists of 11 risk factors (e.g., social contacts in the host country, housing situation, or professional health care services). The model provides a deeper insight into the complexity of interrelated direct, indirect, and reciprocal relations, as well as self-reinforcing triads. This systemic approach provides a sound basis for further investigations, taking into account the inherent complex multifactorial dependencies in this topic.

scholarly journals A systematic review of risk and protective factors of mental health in unaccompanied minor refugees

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgar Höhne ◽  
Anna Swantje van der Meer ◽  
Inge Kamp-Becker ◽  
Hanna Christiansen
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Predictive Factors ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Poor Mental Health ◽  
Qualitative Synthesis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Unaccompanied Minor Refugees ◽  
Minor Refugees

Abstract In recent years, there has been a rising interest in the mental health of unaccompanied minor refugees (UMR), who are a high-risk group for mental disorders. Especially the investigation of predictive factors of the mental health of young refugees has received increasing attention. However, there has been no review on this current issue for the specific group of UMR so far. We aimed to summarize and evaluate the existing findings of specific risk and protective factors to identify the most verified influences on the mental health of UMR. Therefore, we conducted a systematic literature search. Study designs were limited to quantitative cross-sectional and longitudinal designs. Eight databases were searched in four different languages and article reference lists of relevant papers were screened. 27 studies were included (N = 4753). Qualitative synthesis revealed the number of stressful life events to be the most evaluated and verified risk factor for mental health of UMR. A stable environment and social support, on the other hand, can protect UMR from developing poor mental health. Besides that, several other influencing factors could be pointed out, such as type of accommodation, family contact, gender and cultural competences. Because of the large heterogeneity of outcome measures, quantitative synthesis was not possible. This review helps to improve our understanding of determinants of UMRs mental health and thus to provide more targeted treatment. Furthermore, it provides information on how to prevent the development of mental health problems by specifying factors that can be modified by different health and immigration sectors in advance. Further research is needed focusing on the interaction between the various predictive factors.

scholarly journals Explaining healthcare among unaccompanied minor refugees: a realist review

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
H Ulrich ◽  
M Mlinarić ◽  
E Kohler
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Services Research ◽  
Psychosocial Care ◽  
Realist Review ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
Policy Recommendations ◽  
Services Research ◽  
Lay Perspectives ◽  
Unaccompanied Minor Refugees ◽  
Minor Refugees

Abstract Introduction Existing research on psychosocial care of unaccompanied minor refugees (UMRs) mainly focusses on socio-epidemiological accounts and qualitative evidence from the perspective of experts in the field of psychosocial care. In contrast, knowledge concerning differing context factors as well as underlying mechanisms of current healthcare barriers, which could inform policy recommendations, are rather scant. Methods To synthesize scientific evidence and gray literature dealing with the field of psychosocial healthcare of UMRs, a realist review (RR) was conducted following six methodological steps of RAMESES publication standards for realist synthesis. Based on a iterative search of keywords “UMR”, “UMF”, “UMA” and “mental health care” in electronic databases PubMed, GBV and Web of Science we gained access to 974 texts from 2005 to 2019. Screend studies and reports were systematically reviewed according rigor and relevance, which included n = 53 documents for realist synthesis with theory-informed context-mechanism-outcome configurations (CMOs). Results UMRs have a high prevalence risk for posttraumatic stress disorders and they face manifold institutional, cultural, ethical, juridical, and language-based barriers of care. A dominant and multiple CMO highlight residence status (C1), which limits access of UMRs to healthcare (M1) and produces psychosocially related mental health outcomes (O1). Residence status (C1) may also trigger mechanisms of structural or at least perceived discrimination (M2), which mediates undersupply of UMRs (O2). Conclusions The inclusion of lay perspectives and an intersectional approach could inform health services research and practitioners. The reflection of UMR’s social positions between categorical constructs of resilience and vulnerability, discriminatory discourses of othering, and restrictive health policies may guide policy recommendations to potentially reduce persistent disadvantages. Key messages The inclusion of lay perspectives and an intersectional approach could inform UMR related health services research and practitioners. The reflection of UMR’s social positions (between categories, discourses, and health policies) may guide policy recommendations to potentially reduce persistent disadvantages.

Association between Criminological Risk Factors and Mental Health Problems among Urban Jail Inmates

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernie Gonzalez ◽  
Jorge G. Varela ◽  
Erika J. Canales ◽  
Alexandra Tellez ◽  
Amy B. Percosky
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Jail Inmates

Behavioral Emergencies and Crises

2010 ◽  
pp. 739-762
Author(s):  
Phillip M. Kleespies ◽  
Justin M. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Work Environment ◽  
Emotional Impact ◽  
High Risk Patients ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Behavioral Emergencies ◽  
And Training

This chapter illustrates the mental health clinician’s relationship with behavioral emergencies. The chapter begins by distinguishing the terms behavioral emergency and behavioral crisis, and underlying themes among all behavioral emergencies are identified. Given that most clinicians will face a behavioral emergency in their careers, the importance of enhancing the process of educating and training practitioners for such situations far beyond the minimal training that currently exists is highlighted. The chapter continues by exploring various aspects of evaluating and managing high-risk patients (i.e., those who exhibit violent tendencies toward themselves or others, and those at risk for victimization). It includes a discussion of the benefits and limitations to estimating life-threatening risk factors and specific protective factors. The chapter concludes by discussing the emotional impact that working with high-risk patients has on clinicians, and an emphasis is placed on the importance of creating a supportive work environment.

Loneliness, social isolation and cardiovascular risk

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jackson Alun ◽  
Barbara Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Cognitive Disorders ◽  
Premature Death ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Cardiac Events ◽  
Patients At Risk ◽  
Traditional Risk Factors

Loneliness and social isolation are increasingly being acknowledged as risk factors for both physical and mental health problems. Recent statistics demonstrate that loneliness and isolation are on the rise internationally, to the point of being classed as an epidemic. In this paper, the authors outline some of the recent research linking loneliness and isolation to significant chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease and type II diabetes; mental health disorders such as anxiety and depression; cognitive disorders and dementia. Isolation has also been shown to compromise recovery after acute cardiac events, being associated with increased hospital readmission and premature death. Indeed, isolation has now been identified as a risk factor equivalent in effect to traditional risk factors such as smoking, hypertension and obesity. While distinguishing between objective and subjective indicators of isolation, the authors highlight the complexity of this phenomenon, both in terms of definition and measurement, as well as the interplay between subjective and objective indicators. Important clinical implications for health professionals working with cardiac patients are also proposed, in terms of screening for isolation, and possible interventions to support patients at risk of isolation. The aim of the current article is to emphasise the importance of acknowledging loneliness and isolation as key risk factors requiring urgent attention, both in research and in clinical practice.

scholarly journals Customization of Diet May Promote Exercise and Improve Mental Wellbeing in Mature Adults: The Role of Exercise as a Mediator

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 435
Author(s):  
Lina Begdache ◽  
Cara M. Patrissy
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Mental Distress ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Modifiable Risk Factors ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Dietary Practices

Diet, dietary practices and exercise are modifiable risk factors for individuals living with mental distress. However, these relationships are intricate and multilayered in such a way that individual factors may influence mental health differently when combined within a pattern. Additionally, two important factors that need to be considered are gender and level of brain maturity. Therefore, it is essential to assess these modifiable risk factors based on gender and age group. The purpose of the study was to explore the combined and individual relationships between food groups, dietary practices and exercise to appreciate their association with mental distress in mature men and women. Adults 30 years and older were invited to complete the food–mood questionnaire. The anonymous questionnaire link was circulated on several social media platforms. A multi-analyses approach was used. A combination of data mining techniques, namely, a mediation regression analysis, the K-means clustering and principal component analysis as well as Spearman’s rank–order correlation were used to explore these research questions. The results suggest that women’s mental health has a higher association with dietary factors than men. Mental distress and exercise frequency were associated with different dietary and lifestyle patterns, which support the concept of customizing diet and lifestyle factors to improve mental wellbeing.

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