Aripiprazole or Risperidone for Tourette’s Disorder in Children and Adolescents? Efficacy and Impact on Weight Comparative study of therapeutic efficacy and body mass index of risperidone and Aripiprazole in children and adolescents with Tourette’s syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 1564-1570
Author(s):  
A. Soltanifar ◽  
R. Lashkarnevis ◽  
M. Ziaee ◽  
R. Samadi ◽  
A. Soltanifar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Tourette's Syndrome ◽  
Tourette’S Syndrome ◽  
Tourette’S Disorder ◽  
Tourette's Disorder ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Medical Side

Introduction: Due to the high prevalence of Tourette’s disorder among children and adolescents and its negative consequences, an appropriate and effective medical treatment with minimal complications is necessary. Therefore, this study was conducted to compare the effects of Aripiprazole and Risperidone on Tourette’s disorders in both children and adolescents. Method: The statistical population of this clinical trial was children and adolescents aged from seven to eighteen years old. They were diagnosed with the Tourette’s disorders based on the DSM-V criteria by the clinical interview of a child and adolescent psychiatrist in the child Psychiatry clinic of Ibn-e-Sina's Psychiatric Hospital (Mashhad-Iran) in 2018. A total of forty participants were selected by the convenience sampling method, and they were randomly divided into two groups treated by medicines, named as Risperidone or Aripiprazole for two months. Then, the demographic information questionnaire was completed. The Y-GTSS Scale was completed. Clinical Effect Rating Scale (CGI-Tics Scale) was completed. Calculation of body mass index and medical side effects complications were completed. The evaluation was carried out both at the beginning and on second, fourth and eighth weeks, and the results were compared. The data were analyzed by SPSS software (version 14) through using descriptive statistics, chi-square, and variance analysis. Results: The two groups were homogeneous for demographic variables. There was no significant difference in BMI between the two groups. Despite the positive effect of both medicines, no significant difference was observed among the general scores of such disorders, the overall score of severity, Tourette’s recovery, and BMI of these two groups at the intervals and at the end of treatments. (p <0.05). Due to the low number of complications reported, statistical comparisons of the medical side effects were not done for us Conclusion: According to the results, it seems that the two medicines, Aripiprazole and Risperidone, were effective in improving the symptoms of Tourette’s disorders and its overall severity. However, there was no significant statistical differences between them. In terms of the medical side effects, the statistical comparison between the two medicines was not possible due to the small number of complications. Keywords: tic, Tourette’s syndrome, Aripiprazole, Risperidone

Evaluation of Vitamin D Deficiency and Its Relationship with Body Mass Index in Children 1 To 16 Years

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elham Nozari Mirarkolaei ◽  
Mahdi Gholami ◽  
Elham Rostami ◽  
Azita Aliakbarniya ◽  
Massoumeh Hotelchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Mazandaran Province ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction: Body weight gain in children and teenagers is one of the major challenges that cause undesirable health outcomes. Simultaneously with the prevalence of overweight and obesity, children and adolescents are diagnosed with 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) deficiency in different sides of the world. The present study aimed to assess 25(OH)D status among Iranian volunteers aged 1-16 years and find the correlation between 25(OH)D status and body mass index (BMI) subjects.    Material and Methods: The total volunteers included 807 Iranian children aged 1 to 16 referred to the general and endocrinology clinics in Babol city, Mazandaran Province. A trained physician determined anthropometric characteristics. Serum levels of calcium (Ca), phosphate (P), creatinine (Cr), urea, thyroxine (T4), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and 25(OH)D were assessed in all children.      Results: 25.27% of the children were 25(OH)D deficient, and 59.1% were insufficient. There was no significant difference in serum 25(OH)D level between girls and boys (P=0.13). A significant negative correlation was found in serum 25(OH)D level with weight (P=0.000, r=-0.12), BMI (P=0.000, r=-0.13), and age (P=0.000, r=-0.13). Conclusion: These data displayed that 25(OH)D insufficiency is highly prevalent among children in the north of Iran. Serum 25(OH)D levels are affected by age and BMI value. Improving vitamin D deficiency helps to maintain the health of children and adolescents during this critical period.

Serum C-reactive protein levels and body mass index in children and adolescents with CHD

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 1083-1089 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maíra Ribas Goulart ◽  
Daniela Schneid Schuh ◽  
David W. Moraes ◽  
Sandra Mari Barbiero ◽  
Lucia Campos Pellanda
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Heart Defects ◽  
Body Mass Index Percentile ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Significant Difference

AbstractBackgroundThe prevalence of overweight in children with CHD is about 26.9%. Increase in adipose tissue is related to the secretion of proinflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein. Assuming that children with CHD are exposed to other inherent risk factors for heart disease, our objective was to evaluate the correlation between levels of C-reactive protein and body mass index in children and adolescents with CHD.MethodsA cross-sectional study with 377 children and adolescents with CHD in a clinical setting of a reference hospital was carried out. C-reactive protein data were collected after 12 hours of fasting. Nutritional status was classified according to body mass index. The patients were divided into three groups: cyanotic, acyanotic, and minimal heart defects (controls).ResultsThe mean age was 9.9±4.2 years, and 53.6% of the sample included males. The cyanotic group represented 22.3%, acyanotic 42.2%, and minimal defects 35.5% of the sample. The average body mass index percentile was 57.23±32.06. The median values of C-reactive protein were as follows: cyanotic 0.340, acyanotic with clinical repercussion 0.203, and minimal defects 0.128. There was a significant difference between the minimal defects and the cyanotic groups (p=0.023). There was a significant correlation between C-reactive protein and body mass index percentile (r=0.293, p<0.01). C-reactive protein levels were higher in girls (p=0.034). There were no significant correlations between C-reactive protein and age or birth weight.ConclusionThe correlation between body mass index percentile and C-reactive protein was confirmed in this population. The prevention of overweight is paramount to avoid overlapping modifiable risk factors to those already inherent to the CHD.

scholarly journals OP0220 ASSESSING THE EFFECT OF INCREASED BODY MASS INDEX ON RESPONSE TO TNF INHIBITORS IN ESTABLISHED RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS: RESULTS FROM THE METEOR DATABASE

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 137.1-137
Author(s):  
M. Dey ◽  
S. S. Zhao ◽  
R. J. Moots ◽  
R. B. M. Landewé ◽  
N. Goodson
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Personalised Medicine ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Established Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Eular Response ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Das28 Remission

Background:Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with increased body mass index (BMI)- 60% of patients are either overweight or obese. Obesity in RA has been shown to predict reduced response to biologic therapy including tumour-necrosis-factor inhibitors (TNFi) [1]. However, it is not clear whether increased BMI influences response to all TNFi drugs in RA.Objectives:1.To explore whether BMI is associated with response to TNFi in patients with established rheumatoid arthritis (estRA), including those newly-starting on these drugs.Methods:Participants with estRA (>1year since diagnosis) taking biologic medications, registered on METEOR (international database of RA patients), 2008-2013, were included. EULAR response, DAS28 remission (including components), and treatment regimens were recorded at baseline, 6, and 12 months. WHO definitions of overweight (BMI≥ 25) and obese (BMI≥30) were explored as predictors of TNFi response (good EULAR response and DAS28 remission) using normal BMI as comparator. Logistic and linear regression models (controlling for age, gender, smoking, and baseline outcomes) and sensitivity analyses were performed. Subgroup analyses were performed for grouped TNFi and individual TNFi (infliximab, IFX; adalimumab, ADA; etanercept, ETN).Results:247 patients with estRA were taking a biologic at 6 months, and 231 patients were taking a biologic at 12 months. Obese patients taking any biologic were significantly less likely to achieve DAS28 remission (OR 0.33 [95%CI 0.12-0.80]) or good EULAR response (OR 0.37 [95%CI 0.16-0.81]) after 6 months, compared to those of normal BMI; this was also demonstrated in those co-prescribed methotrexate (DAS28 remission: OR 0.23 [95%CI 0.07-0.62]; good EULAR response: OR 0.39 [95%CI 0.15-0.92]). These associations did not remain statistically significant at the 12 months assessment.Regarding specific anti-TNF therapies, RA patients treated with monoclonal antibody (-mab) TNFis (IFX/ADA/ GOL) were significantly less likely to achieve good EULAR response at 6 months if they were obese RA (n=38), compared to those of normal weight (n=44) (OR 0.17 [95%CI 0.03-0.59]). A similar non-significant difference was demonstrated for DAS28 remission, and 12-month remission. Specifically, obese individuals were significantly less likely to achieve good EULAR response at 6 months with IFX (OR 0.09 [95%CI 0.00-0.61]; n=20), and significantly less likely to achieve DAS28 remission at 6 months when newly-starting ADA (OR 0.14 [95%CI 0.01-0.96]; n=17), compared to those of normal weight. There were no significant differences in remission outcomes between individuals of different BMI taking ETN. A small number of individuals stopped taking their respective biologic after 6months; reason for cessation was not recorded.Similar outcomes were seen in patients already established on anti-TNF therapy, with overweight and obese individuals less likely overall to be in DAS28 remission at all time points.Conclusion:In established RA, obesity is associated with reduced treatment response to -mab TNFi. No association between increased BMI and response to ETA was observed. Using BMI to direct biologic drug choice could prove to be a simple and cost-effective personalised-medicine approach to prescribing.References:[1]Schäfer M, Meißner Y, Kekow J, Berger S, Remstedt S, Manger B, et al. Obesity reduces the real-world effectiveness of cytokine-targeted but not cell-targeted disease-modifying agents in rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology. 2019 Nov 20.Disclosure of Interests:Mrinalini Dey: None declared, Sizheng Steven Zhao: None declared, Robert J Moots: None declared, Robert B.M. Landewé Consultant of: AbbVie; AstraZeneca; Bristol-Myers Squibb; Eli Lilly & Co.; Galapagos NV; Novartis; Pfizer; UCB Pharma, Nicola Goodson: None declared

scholarly journals Body mass index and clinical outcomes in patients with intracerebral haemorrhage: results from the China Stroke Center Alliance

2021 ◽  
pp. svn-2020-000534
Author(s):  
Zhentang Cao ◽  
Xinmin Liu ◽  
Zixiao Li ◽  
Hongqiu Gu ◽  
Yingyu Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Hospital Mortality ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Intracerebral Haemorrhage ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Discharge Disposition ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Stroke Center

Background and aimObesity paradox has aroused increasing concern in recent years. However, impact of obesity on outcomes in intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate association of body mass index (BMI) with in-hospital mortality, complications and discharge disposition in ICH.MethodsData were from 85 705 ICH enrolled in the China Stroke Center Alliance study. Patients were divided into four groups: underweight, normal weight, overweight and obese according to Asian-Pacific criteria. The primary outcome was in-hospital mortality. The secondary outcomes included non-routine discharge disposition and in-hospital complications. Discharge to graded II or III hospital, community hospital or rehabilitation facilities was considered non-routine disposition. Multivariable logistic regression analysed association of BMI with outcomes.Results82 789 patients with ICH were included in the final analysis. Underweight (OR=2.057, 95% CI 1.193 to 3.550) patients had higher odds of in-hospital mortality than those with normal weight after adjusting for covariates, but no significant difference was observed for patients who were overweight or obese. No significant association was found between BMI and non-disposition. Underweight was associated with increased odds of several complications, including pneumonia (OR 1.343, 95% CI 1.138 to 1.584), poor swallow function (OR 1.351, 95% CI 1.122 to 1.628) and urinary tract infection (OR 1.532, 95% CI 1.064 to 2.204). Moreover, obese patients had higher odds of haematoma expansion (OR 1.326, 95% CI 1.168 to 1.504), deep vein thrombosis (OR 1.506, 95% CI 1.165 to 1.947) and gastrointestinal bleeding (OR 1.257, 95% CI 1.027 to 1.539).ConclusionsIn patients with ICH, being underweight was associated with increased in-hospital mortality. Being underweight and obese can both increased risk of in-hospital complications compared with having normal weight.

Examination of Sleep and Obesity in Children and Adolescents in the United States

2021 ◽  
pp. 089011712110291
Author(s):  
Puneet Kaur Chehal ◽  
Livvy Shafer ◽  
Solveig Argeseanu Cunningham
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
The United States ◽  
Weight Category ◽  
Lower Odds ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Child Height ◽  
Nationally Representative

Purpose: This study contributes to the growing literature on the association between sleep and obesity by examining the associations between hours of sleep, consistency of bedtime, and obesity among children in the US. Design: Analysis of a nationally representative sample of non-institutionalized children from the 2016-17 National Survey of Children’s Health. Setting: US, national. Subjects: Children ages 10-17 years (n = 34,640) Measures: Parent reported weeknight average hours of sleep and consistency of bedtime. Body mass index classified as underweight, normal, overweight or obesity using parent-reported child height and weight information, classified using CDC BMI-for-Age Growth Charts. Analysis: Multivariate logistic regression models were used to estimate associations between measures of sleep and body mass index weight category adjusting for individual, household and neighborhood characteristics. Results: An additional hour of sleep was associated with 10.8% lower odds of obesity, net of consistency in bedtime. After controlling for sleep duration, children who usually went to bed at the same time on weeknights had lower odds of obesity (24.8%) relative to children who always went to bed at the same time. Conclusion: Sleep duration is predictive of lower odds of obesity in US children and adolescents. Some variability in weeknight bedtime is associated with lower odds of obesity, though there were no additional benefits to extensive variability in bedtime.

Cross-sectional associations between objectively measured sleep characteristics and body mass index in European children and adolescents

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara F. Thumann ◽  
Christoph Buck ◽  
Stefaan De Henauw ◽  
Charalambos Hadjigeorgiou ◽  
Antje Hebestreit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Objectively Measured

scholarly journals Clinical characteristics and longitudinal changes of patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in 2 decades: the NAGALA study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuro Okamura ◽  
Yoshitaka Hashimoto ◽  
Masahide Hamaguchi ◽  
Akihiro Obora ◽  
Takao Kojima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasonography ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
The Past ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Abstract Background In this study, to clarify the evolving background of people with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), we compared the current prevalence of NAFLD with that of 2 decades ago. Methods We included two cohorts. The past cohort was from 1994 to 1997 and included 4279 men and 2502 women. The current cohort was from 2014 to 2017 and included 8918 men and 7361 women. NAFLD was diagnosed by abdominal ultrasonography. Results The prevalence of NAFLD increased in both genders throughout these 2 decades (18.5% in the past cohort and 27.1% in the current cohort for men; and 8.0% in the past cohort and 9.4% in the current cohort for women). The prevalence of hyperglycemia increased, whereas the prevalence of low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and hypertriglyceridemia significantly decreased. There was no significant difference in the mean body mass index. Multivariate analysis revealed that the prevalence of obesity and body mass index were significantly associated with the prevalence of NAFLD in both the past and current cohorts. Conclusions The incidence of NAFLD significantly increased throughout these 2 decades, and obesity is the most prevalent factor. Thus, body weight management is an essential treatment option for NAFLD.

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