scholarly journals Penggunaan Ester Asam Fumarat Oral Dalam Pengobatan Kasus Dermatologi

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-59
Author(s):  
Elina Rahma ◽  
Dwi Indria Anggraini
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Granuloma Annulare ◽  
Necrobiosis Lipoidica

Pendahulan: Ester asam fumarat oral (FAE) merupakan senyawa yang menarik dalam bidang dermatologi. FAE bekerja pada sel kulit dan jaringan sitokin. Sejauh ini hanya campuran dimethylfumarate (DMF) dan monoethylfumarate (MEF) yang telah mendapatkan persetujuan untuk perawatan oral psoriasis jenis plak sedang hingga parah. Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui penggunaan Ester asam fumarat oral (FAE) dalam tatalaksana di bidang dermatologi Metode: Artikel disusun menggunakan metode literature review, melibatkan 34 literatur bersumber dari buku dan jurnal. Hasil: DMF tampaknya menjadi komponen aktif utama. Penting untuk menekankan perbedaan antara asam fumarat dan ester asam fumarat. Formulasi asam fumarat tersedia sebagai suplemen kesehatan dan sering dipasarkan sebagai obat alternatif alami untuk mengobati psoriasis. Namun buruk diserap oleh usus dan diekskresikan melalui urin tanpa memiliki efek terapi apa pun. Pembahasan: Meskipun mode aksi FAE dan mekanisme kerja dalam terapi psoriasis masih belum jelas, bukti menunjukkan bahwa itu tidak ada hubungannya dengan siklus Krebs dan senyawa aktif utama DMF.Ada bukti bahwa FAE tidak hanya efektif dan aman pada psoriasis tetapi juga penyakit non-infeksi granulomatosa seperti granuloma annulare, necrobiosis lipoidica, dan sarkoidosis. Penelitian in vitro dan hewan menunjukkan beberapa aktivitas dalam melanoma ganas juga. Simpulan: Ester asam fumarat oral (FAE) banyak digunakan dalam beberapa kasus dermatologi   Kata kunci: Asam fumarat, dermatologi, psoriasis, sarkoidosis

Factors Affecting the Wear Behavior of Monolithic Zirconia and the Antagonists: Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 4-11
Author(s):  
Marcia Borba ◽  
Paula Benetti ◽  
Giordana P. Furini ◽  
Kátia R. Weber ◽  
Tábata M. da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Glass Ceramic ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Glass Ceramics ◽  
Surface Treatments ◽  
Human Tooth ◽  
Initial Surface ◽  
Monolithic Zirconia ◽  
Feldspathic Porcelain

Background: The use of zirconia-based ceramics to produce monolithic restorations has increased due to improvements in the optical properties of the materials. Traditionally, zirconiabased ceramics were veneered with porcelain or glass-ceramic and were not directly exposed to the oral environment. Therefore, there are several doubts regarding the wear of the monolithic zirconia restoration and their antagonists. Additionally, different surface treatments are recommended to promote a smooth surface, including glaze and several polishing protocols. To support the correct clinical application, it is important to understand the advantages and limitations of each surface treatment. Objective: The aim of this short literature review is to investigate the factors that may affect the wear of monolithic zirconia restorations in service and their antagonists. Methods: Pubmed/Medline database was accessed to review the literature from a 10-year period using the keywords: zirconia, monolithic, prosthesis, wear. Both clinical and in vitro studies were included in the review. Results: Studies investigated the effect of several surface treatments, including grinding with diamond- burs, polishing and glazing, on the surface roughness, phase transformation and wear capacity of monolithic zirconia. The wear behavior of monolithic zirconia was frequently compared to the wear behavior of other ceramics, such as feldspathic porcelain, lithium disilicate-based glassceramic and leucite-reinforced glass-ceramic. Human tooth, ceramics and resin composites were used as antagonist in the investigations. Only short-term clinical studies are available (up to 2 years). Conclusion: Literature findings suggest that zirconia monolithic restorations are wear resistant and unlikely to cause excessive wear to the antagonist, especially when compared to feldspathic porcelain and glass-ceramics. Monolithic zirconia should be polished rather than glazed. Yet, none of the polishing systems studied was able to completely restore the initial surface conditions of zirconia after being adjusted with burs. More clinical evidence of the antagonist tooth wear potential of monolithic zirconia is needed.

scholarly journals Intraoral Fluoride-Releasing Devices: A Literature Review

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 350-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jagjit Singh ◽  
Gurminder Singh ◽  
Ramandeep Singh Gambhir ◽  
Daljit Kapoor ◽  
Heena Kakar
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Fluoride Concentration ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
High Caries Risk ◽  
Release Devices ◽  
Topical Fluorides

ABSTRACT Dental caries still continues to be a problem for majority of the individuals and it can be a serious problem for medically compromised, developmentally disabled and elderly individuals. Water fluoridation, systemic and topical fluorides are used for past many years to supply supplemental fluoride in order to combat dental caries. The latest fluoride research is investigating the use of slow-release devices for the long-term intraoral provision of fluoride. The present review addresses two main types of intraoral fluoride-releasing devices like the copolymer membrane device, glass device containing fluoride and some variations of these devices. These devices can significantly increase the salivary fluoride concentration without substantially affecting the urinary fluoride levels. A significant number of studies have confirmed that intraoral fluoride-releasing devices have great potential for use in preventing dental caries in children, high-caries-risk groups, and irregular dental attenders in addition to a number of other applications. As most of the studies done on these devices are in vitro and in vivo studies, more well-designed clinical trials are necessary to evaluate the results so that these devices can be used clinically. How to cite this article Gambhir RS, Kapoor D, Singh G, Singh J, Kakar H. Intraoral Fluoride-Releasing Devices: A Literature Review. World J Dent 2012;3(4):350-354.

scholarly journals The infinite possibilities of RNA therapeutics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evelyn C Mollocana-Lara ◽  
Ming Ni ◽  
Spiros N Agathos ◽  
Fernando A Gonzales-Zubiate
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Antisense Oligonucleotides ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Small Interfering Rnas ◽  
New Era ◽  
Final Point ◽  
Clinical Investigations ◽  
General Aspects

Abstract Although the study of ribonucleic acid (RNA) therapeutics started decades ago, for many years, this field of research was overshadowed by the growing interest in DNA-based therapies. Nowadays, the role of several types of RNA in cell regulation processes and the development of various diseases have been elucidated, and research in RNA therapeutics is back with force. This short literature review aims to present general aspects of many of the molecules currently used in RNA therapeutics, including in vitro transcribed mRNA (IVT mRNA), antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), aptamers, small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), and microRNAs (miRNAs). In addition, we describe the state of the art of technologies applied for synthetic RNA manufacture and delivery. Likewise, we detail the RNA-based therapies approved by the FDA so far, as well as the ongoing clinical investigations. As a final point, we highlight the current and potential advantages of working on RNA-based therapeutics and how these could lead to a new era of accessible and personalized healthcare.

scholarly journals A literature review of the current major intraoral digital impression systems and their accuracy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maha Mezied ◽  
Norah Alnasser ◽  
Reema Al Owaid ◽  
Rand Bakhsh ◽  
Lama Alkhudhayr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
The Other ◽  
Digital Impression ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
The Future ◽  
Future Potential

The accuracy of the intraoral digital impression systems has been previously reported to refer to the quality of the obtained data from the related scanning procedures, irrespective of the quality of the clinical outcomes and the estimated costs. Trueness and precision have been frequently found among studies in the literature as two terms describing the accuracy of the intraoral digital impression systems. Various digital impression modalities have been proposed among studies in the literature and were investigated for estimation of their accuracy. The paper aims to review and discuss the most common literature regarding the current common systems and their accuracy among the different studies in the literature. According to the results, Chairside Economical Restoration of Esthetic Ceramic (CEREC) systems appear to have the highest estimated rates of trueness and precision as compared to the other modalities while the iTero system appears to have the lowest estimated rates. However, some studies have reported contradicting results and the current evidence is mainly based on findings from in vitro investigations. Accordingly, further studies might be needed for further validation of the current evidence and strengthening the quality of the future potential implications for clinicians. 

scholarly journals GAMETE DONATION. ETHICAL AND LEGAL ASPECTS

2020 ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
L. Chalova ◽  
V. Lokshin ◽  
A. Guseva ◽  
A. Kinzhibayev
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
World Literature ◽  
Assisted Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Legal Aspects ◽  
Gamete Donation ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
National Legislation

This world literature review tries to determine the significance of the gamete donation in the field of assisted reproductive technologies as well as the availability of treatment methods using donation in in vitro fertilization programs. Gamete donation is regulated by every country's national legislation system, and quite often the laws vary between the states. There are practically no universal standards and/or rules in this area, which, in turn, leads to an ambivalent reaction towards reproductive practices.

scholarly journals Best Molecular Tools to Investigate Coronavirus Diversity in Mammals: A Comparison

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 1975
Author(s):  
Petra Drzewnioková ◽  
Francesca Festa ◽  
Valentina Panzarin ◽  
Davide Lelli ◽  
Ana Moreno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Host Shift ◽  
Molecular Tools ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Pcr Assay ◽  
Field Samples ◽  
Low Sensitivity

Coronaviruses (CoVs) are widespread and highly diversified in wildlife and domestic mammals and can emerge as zoonotic or epizootic pathogens and consequently host shift from these reservoirs, highlighting the importance of veterinary surveillance. All genera can be found in mammals, with α and β showing the highest frequency and diversification. The aims of this study were to review the literature for features of CoV surveillance in animals, to test widely used molecular protocols, and to identify the most effective one in terms of spectrum and sensitivity. We combined a literature review with analyses in silico and in vitro using viral strains and archive field samples. We found that most protocols defined as pan-coronavirus are strongly biased towards α- and β-CoVs and show medium-low sensitivity. The best results were observed using our new protocol, showing LoD 100 PFU/mL for SARS-CoV-2, 50 TCID50/mL for CaCoV, 0.39 TCID50/mL for BoCoV, and 9 ± 1 log2 ×10−5 HA for IBV. The protocol successfully confirmed the positivity for a broad range of CoVs in 30/30 field samples. Our study points out that pan-CoV surveillance in mammals could be strongly improved in sensitivity and spectrum and propose the application of a new RT-PCR assay, which is able to detect CoVs from all four genera, with an optimal sensitivity for α-, β-, and γ-.

Concomitant Granuloma annulare and Necrobiosis lipoidica

Dermatology ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 183 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.L. Crosby ◽  
D.T. Woodley ◽  
D.D. Leonard
Keyword(s):  
Granuloma Annulare ◽  
Necrobiosis Lipoidica
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