scholarly journals A literature review of the current major intraoral digital impression systems and their accuracy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maha Mezied ◽  
Norah Alnasser ◽  
Reema Al Owaid ◽  
Rand Bakhsh ◽  
Lama Alkhudhayr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
The Other ◽  
Digital Impression ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
The Future ◽  
Future Potential

The accuracy of the intraoral digital impression systems has been previously reported to refer to the quality of the obtained data from the related scanning procedures, irrespective of the quality of the clinical outcomes and the estimated costs. Trueness and precision have been frequently found among studies in the literature as two terms describing the accuracy of the intraoral digital impression systems. Various digital impression modalities have been proposed among studies in the literature and were investigated for estimation of their accuracy. The paper aims to review and discuss the most common literature regarding the current common systems and their accuracy among the different studies in the literature. According to the results, Chairside Economical Restoration of Esthetic Ceramic (CEREC) systems appear to have the highest estimated rates of trueness and precision as compared to the other modalities while the iTero system appears to have the lowest estimated rates. However, some studies have reported contradicting results and the current evidence is mainly based on findings from in vitro investigations. Accordingly, further studies might be needed for further validation of the current evidence and strengthening the quality of the future potential implications for clinicians. 

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Sarcopenia and Its Impact on Clinical Outcomes in Lumbar Degenerative Spine Disease—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 773
Author(s):  
Wei-Ting Wu ◽  
Tsung-Min Lee ◽  
Der-Sheng Han ◽  
Ke-Vin Chang
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Degenerative Spine ◽  
Degenerative Spine Disease ◽  
Spine Disease

The association of sarcopenia with poor clinical outcomes has been identified in various medical conditions, although there is a lack of quantitative analysis to validate the influence of sarcopenia on patients with lumbar degenerative spine disease (LDSD) from the available literature. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to summarize the prevalence of sarcopenia in patients with LDSD and examine its impact on clinical outcomes. The electronic databases (PubMed and Embase) were systematically searched from inception through December 2020 for clinical studies investigating the association of sarcopenia with clinical outcomes in patients with LDSD. A random-effects model meta-analysis was carried out for data synthesis. This meta-analysis included 14 studies, comprising 1953 participants. The overall prevalence of sarcopenia among patients with LDSD was 24.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], 17.3%–34.3%). The relative risk of sarcopenia was not significantly increased in patients with LDSD compared with controls (risk ratio, 1.605; 95% CI, 0.321–8.022). The patients with sarcopenia did not experience an increase in low back and leg pain. However, lower quality of life (SMD, −0.627; 95% CI, −0.844–−0.410) were identified postoperatively. Sarcopenia did not lead to an elevated rate of complications after lumbar surgeries. Sarcopenia accounts for approximately one-quarter of the population with LDSD. The clinical manifestations are less influenced by sarcopenia, whereas sarcopenia is associated with poorer quality of life after lumbar surgeries. The current evidence is still insufficient to support sarcopenia as a predictor of postoperative complications.

Law for Aerospace Activities 1966-2066

1969 ◽  
Vol 73 (700) ◽  
pp. 255-270
Author(s):  
H. Caplan
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
List Type ◽  
Type Number ◽  
The Future ◽  
Impossible Task

The purpose of this prologue is to outline how I have approached the arrogant and impossible task of surveying an unborn century of law. I may also be able to illustrate that the nature and quality of the task is completely different from that attempted in the preceding papers. In the whole paper I have done little more than infer repeatedly, in different ways (a) that the shape of the future so far as law is concerned will be determined by the methods of communication adopted between sectors of the aerospace community and between the aerospace community and society at large, and (b) that the search for effective methods of communication is urgent. But my target is not the lawyers of our community—who I am not qualified to advise. I write for the other members of the Royal Aeronautical Society and I return to the task of persuading them that they have a role to play in evolving future laws for aerospace activities.

scholarly journals Current Evidence for Continuous Vital Signs Monitoring by Wearable Wireless Devices in Hospitalized Adults: Systematic Review

10.2196/18636 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. e18636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jobbe P L Leenen ◽  
Crista Leerentveld ◽  
Joris D van Dijk ◽  
Henderik L van Westreenen ◽  
Lisette Schoonhoven ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Continuous Monitoring ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Cochrane Central Register ◽  
Wireless Devices

Background Continuous monitoring of vital signs by using wearable wireless devices may allow for timely detection of clinical deterioration in patients in general wards in comparison to detection by standard intermittent vital signs measurements. A large number of studies on many different wearable devices have been reported in recent years, but a systematic review is not yet available to date. Objective The aim of this study was to provide a systematic review for health care professionals regarding the current evidence about the validation, feasibility, clinical outcomes, and costs of wearable wireless devices for continuous monitoring of vital signs. Methods A systematic and comprehensive search was performed using PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from January 2009 to September 2019 for studies that evaluated wearable wireless devices for continuous monitoring of vital signs in adults. Outcomes were structured by validation, feasibility, clinical outcomes, and costs. Risk of bias was determined by using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool, quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies 2nd edition, or quality of health economic studies tool. Results In this review, 27 studies evaluating 13 different wearable wireless devices were included. These studies predominantly evaluated the validation or the feasibility outcomes of these devices. Only a few studies reported the clinical outcomes with these devices and they did not report a significantly better clinical outcome than the standard tools used for measuring vital signs. Cost outcomes were not reported in any study. The quality of the included studies was predominantly rated as low or moderate. Conclusions Wearable wireless continuous monitoring devices are mostly still in the clinical validation and feasibility testing phases. To date, there are no high quality large well-controlled studies of wearable wireless devices available that show a significant clinical benefit or cost-effectiveness. Such studies are needed to help health care professionals and administrators in their decision making regarding implementation of these devices on a large scale in clinical practice or in-home monitoring.

Harshness and unpredictability: Childhood environmental links with immune and asthma outcomes

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Phoebe H. Lam ◽  
Gregory E. Miller ◽  
Lauren Hoffer ◽  
Rebekah Siliezar ◽  
Johanna Dezil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Asthma Control ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokine Production ◽  
Murder Rate ◽  
Unpredictable Environments ◽  
Neighborhood Level

Abstract The environment has pervasive impacts on human development, and two key environmental conditions – harshness and unpredictability – are proposed to be instrumental in tuning development. This study examined (1) how harsh and unpredictable environments related to immune and clinical outcomes in the context of childhood asthma, and (2) whether there were independent associations of harshness and unpredictability with these outcomes. Participants were 290 youth physician-diagnosed with asthma. Harshness was assessed with youth-reported exposure to violence and neighborhood-level murder rate. Unpredictability was assessed with parent reports of family structural changes. Youth also completed measures of asthma control as well as asthma quality of life and provided blood samples to assess immune profiles, including in vitro cytokine responses to challenge and sensitivity to inhibitory signals from glucocorticoids. Results indicated that harshness was associated with more pronounced pro-inflammatory cytokine production following challenge and less sensitivity to the inhibitory properties of glucocorticoids. Furthermore, youth exposed to harsher environments reported less asthma control and poorer quality of life. All associations with harshness persisted when controlling for unpredictability. No associations between unpredictability and outcomes were found. These findings suggest that relative to unpredictability, harshness may be a more consistent correlate of asthma-relevant immune and clinical outcomes.

scholarly journals Hope and Technology: Other-Oriented Hope Related to Eye Gaze Technology for Children with Severe Disabilities

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 1667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrik Rytterström ◽  
Maria Borgestig ◽  
Helena Hemmingsson
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Eye Gaze ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Present Situation ◽  
Severe Disabilities ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Future ◽  
Brighter Future

Introducing advanced assistive technology such as eye gaze controlled computers can improve a person’s quality of life and awaken hope for a child’s future inclusion and opportunities in society. This article explores the meanings of parents’ and teachers’ other-oriented hope related to eye gaze technology for children with severe disabilities. A secondary analysis of six parents’ and five teachers’ interview transcripts was conducted in accordance with a phenomenological-hermeneutic research method. The eye gaze controlled computer creates new imaginations of a brighter future for the child, but also becomes a source for motivation and action in the present. The other-oriented hope occurs not just in the future; it is already there in the present and opens up new alternatives and possibilities to overcome the difficulties the child is encountering today. Both the present situation and the hope for the future influence each other, and both affect the motivation for using the technology. This emphasises the importance of clinicians giving people opportunities to express how they see the future and how technology could realise this hope.

scholarly journals Delaying meiotic resumption during transportation of bovine cumulus–oocyte complexes: effects on development, apoptosis and caspases activity of in vitro-produced embryos

Zygote ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 740-750 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscila Chediek Dall'Acqua ◽  
Beatriz Caetano da Silva Leão ◽  
Nathália Alves de Souza Rocha-Frigoni ◽  
Fernanda Patrícia Gottardi ◽  
Gisele Zoccal Mingoti
Keyword(s):  
Bovine Serum Albumin ◽  
Fetal Calf Serum ◽  
Calf Serum ◽  
The Other ◽  
Developmental Competence ◽  
Bovine Oocyte ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Meiotic Inhibitors

SummaryThis study examined the effects of meiosis inhibition during bovine oocyte transportation on developmental competence and quality of produced embryos. The transportation medium was supplemented with: 100 μM butyrolactone I (BL), 500 μM IBMX + 100 μM forskolin (mSPOM), 100 μM milrinone (MR) or follicular fluid (bFF), and was carried out in a portable incubator for 6 h. Next, oocytes were in vitro matured (IVM) for 18 h, without the meiotic inhibitors, with the exception of mSPOM group, in which was added 20 μM cilostamide. The three control groups were IVM with 10% fetal calf serum (FCS) (Control Lab FCS) or 0.6% bovine serum albumin (BSA) (Control Lab BSA) in a CO2 in air incubator or in the portable incubator with 0.6% BSA (Control Transp BSA). Higher cleavage rates (P < 0.05) were obtained in the Control Lab FCS group (84.5 ± 5.3%) compared with the other groups (59.6 ± 3.4% to 70.9 ± 2.3%). Embryonic development was higher (P < 0.05) in the Control Lab FCS group (39.8 ± 4.7%) than in the Control Transp BSA (22.7 ± 3.4%) and MR (21.6 ± 2.3%) groups. However, they were similar (P > 0.05) to the other groups (23.6 ± 3.3% to 28.8 ± 2.7%). The total number of blastomeres was higher (P < 0.05) in the Control Lab FCS group (85.2 ± 5.6) than in Control Lab BSA (53.6 ± 2.9), Control Transp BSA (55.5 ± 4.4), BL (58.2 ± 3.0), mSPOM (57.9 ± 4.9) and MR (59.2 ± 3.9), but all these treatments did not differ (P > 0.05) from bFF (67.7 ± 4.2). No differences (P > 0.05) were found in apoptosis by the activity of caspases (139.0 ± 3.2 to 152.4 ± 6.5, expressed in fluorescence intensity) as well as the percentage of TUNEL-positive cells (12.3 ± 2.0% to 15.7 ± 1.7%). In conclusion, the transportation of oocytes over 6 h with BL, mSPOM or bFF enabled the acquisition of developmental competence at similar rates to the Control Lab FCS group.

Clinical Audit Platform for Students (CAPS): a pilot study

2020 ◽  
pp. postgradmedj-2020-138426
Author(s):  
Prakrit Raj Kumar ◽  
Yousuf Hashmi ◽  
Raimand Morad ◽  
Varun Dewan
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Clinical Audit ◽  
Likert Scale ◽  
Time Constraints ◽  
Quality Of Work ◽  
The Future

BackgroundA clinical audit measures specific clinical outcomes or processes against a predefined standard. However, many clinicians are unable to carry out audits given their time constraints. Alternatively, medical students may often wish to complete audits early in their career to strengthen their portfolios. As such, the student clinical audit platform was designed to connect willing supervisors and these medical students.MethodsProject supervisors were members of a regional trainee-led network. Interested students were familiarised with the various aspects of an audit and allocated to supervisors with similar interests. There was regular communication to track progress and anonymised feedback forms were distributed to all students and supervisors after a year.ResultsA total of 17 responses were received from the 19 students who were involved in a project. Based on a 5-point Likert scale, students displayed a mean improvement in their understanding of a clinical audit (1.18±1.07, p<0.001), the confidence to approach a supervisor (1.29±1.21, p<0.001) and the ability to conduct an audit by themselves in the future (1.77±1.15, p<0.001). Of the seven affiliated supervisors, five provided feedback with 80% indicating they had projects which remained inactive and all happy with the quality of work produced by their students.ConclusionDespite limitations to this programme, the platform produced projects which were disseminated both locally and nationally, demonstrating positive collaboration between medical students and clinicians. We present our findings and evaluations to encourage similar audit platforms to be adopted at other locations.

Australian accounting academics: challenges and possibilities

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Guthrie ◽  
Elaine Evans ◽  
Roger Burritt
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Academic Experience ◽  
Business Professionals ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Australian Context ◽  
The Future ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide a thought-provoking, attention-directing diegesis about the quality of the experience for those working as academic accounting scholars. Design/methodology/approach – Using storytelling by the authors as narrators and a literature review, this paper examines challenges to, and possibilities for, accounting academics. Findings – The study reveals a number of possibilities for the sustainability of the accounting academy in Australia, all of which rely on the symbiotic relations between the three elements of the profession – practitioners, policymakers and academics – to prepare accounting and business professionals for the future. Research limitations/implications – The study is limited to the Australian context of academic accountants and, therefore, the identified possibilities for accounting academics in other contexts may differ. Practical implications – This paper identifies the challenges for contemporary accounting academics in Australia and presents opportunities for sustainability of the Australian accounting academy. Originality/value – This paper uses a story to explore its overarching theme of the quality of the academic experience for accounting academics in Australia. The story is developed from the authors’ combined experiences of > 80 years as accounting academics who are also actively engaged with the profession.

scholarly journals Phytochemical compounds and pharmacological activities of lemon (Citrus limon L.) – Update Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 1496-1505
Author(s):  
Hartati R ◽  
Insanu M ◽  
Mudrika S. N. ◽  
Fidrianny I
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Southeast Asia ◽  
Citrus Limon ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
The World ◽  
Phytochemical Compounds ◽  
Ancient Times

The lemon plant (Citrus limon L.) is a species from the Rutaceae family that spread from Southeast Asia and spread to all countries in the world. Lemon has been used traditionally since ancient times to treat various diseases and has been tested for various pharmacological activities. The literature review was carried out to study the phytochemical compounds and pharmacological activities of lemon plants. The literature compiled by a minimum of 50 scientific articles using search engines such as Science Direct, Pubmed, and Google Scholar, published for a maximum of the last 10 years, includes a minimum of 20 articles in the last 2 years, has a DOI, and the quality of the journal index is reviewed using Scimago. Lemon is very rich in phytochemical compounds, including flavanones such as hesperidin, eriocytrin, naringin, narirutin, didymin; flavones such as apigenin, luteolin, and diosmin; flavonols such as routine, quercetin, mirisetin, isositrol, limositrol, and limositrin; terpenoids such as limonene, limonoids, and carotenoids. Various kinds of in vivo and in vitro studies provide results of various pharmacological activities such as antioxidants, anticancer, neuroprotective, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antihyperlipidemic, antiurolithiasis, and antiplasmodial. It is necessary to develop further research on the pharmacological activity of lemon plants in the future.

scholarly journals Iatrogenic tooth discoloration by obturating materials: a literature review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulkader Abdulelah Abulhamayel ◽  
Mohammed K. Alhudaithi ◽  
Bayan H. Alharbi ◽  
Ammar R. Busaeed ◽  
Hassan E. Alkhalaf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Glass Ionomer ◽  
Comprehensive Understanding ◽  
Tooth Discoloration ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Silicon Based ◽  
Endodontic Sealers

Tooth discoloration might constitute a major problem for patients undergoing endodontic procedures, including obturation. Iatrogenic teeth discoloration might be a burden because it is time-consuming and hard to blench even if it were effective in removing the tooth stains in compared with traumatic tooth discoloration which is easy to deal with. Accordingly, clinicians must have a comprehensive understanding of the potential discoloration effects of the current sealers that are indicated for administration in many of the obturation procedures to enhance the prognosis and the relevant outcomes. In the present study, the aim to conduct a literature review about the potential iatrogenic discoloration effects of some endodontic sealers when conducting obturation procedures, based on the current evidence from the relevant studies. Among the reported agents to induce discoloration, calcium hydroxide, zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE), resin, glass ionomer, and silicon-based sealers have been reported to cause significant degrees of discoloration. Moreover, among the included studies AH-26 seems to be the least significant modality to include discoloration;however, discoloration could still be detected. With the recent technological advances, bioceramic sealers should be able to overcome this problem, especially for areas with the highest esthetic concerns. Accordingly, further investigations might be needed to enhance the quality of the current modalities and to obtain better outcomes.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document