scholarly journals Atsakomybės subjekto steigtis technikos amžiuje: Hansas Jonas ir Bruno Latouras

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 91-108
Author(s):  
Danutė Bacevičiūtė
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Decision ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
Ethical Perspective ◽  
Hans Jonas ◽  
Collective Control ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Hybrid Actors ◽  
Global And Local ◽  
Local Perspectives

This article opposes the attempts to marginalize ethical issues and defend the thesis of technosphere as an autonomous phenomenon in the Anthropocene. The author points out that by evading the question of ethical perspective and responsibility, the technological activity and its trace are naturalised, and any ethical decision is therefore turned into a technical decision. The comparison of the positions of two philosophers of technology (Hans Jonas and Bruno Latour) enables us to reflect on how technology mediates the constitution of the subject of responsibility in the tension of global and local perspectives. The article shows that Jonas’ “heuristics of fear” leads to the conscious practice of asceticism and the collective control of technical power, while Latour leaves open a possibility of talking about the shared action of a multitude of hybrid actors, in which both the ethical solution is already “contaminated” with the technical and the technical solution retains the trace of the ethical. By using the example of the reverse vending machine, it is shown how ethical motivation is inscribed into technical media, which uses the technological accumulation to link global and local perspectives for environmental purposes.

scholarly journals Accounting Theory: An Ethical Perspective of Real Life Scenarios

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Shivneil Kumar Raj ◽  
Sandhiya Roy
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Working Life ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Ethical Perspective ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research Article ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Accounting Theory ◽  
High Level

<p>Decisions are made daily in businesses and individuals do encounter situations where they are faced with ethical issues. The subject is how one evaluates whether an act is ethical or unethical. This research article discusses real life ethical dilemmas that could be faced in accounting or business environment and applicability of various theories of ethics that were taught in accounting theory course in the undergraduate accounting program. The researcher employs a number of case studies highlighting the stories related to ethics that have been experienced in the past working life. Teleological and deontological theories are being used to explain how one could identify that a particular act is ethical or unethical. The work of accountants requires them to maintain high level of ethics to ensure integrity of the profession.  </p>

A Global Approach towards Teaching Ethics in International Business

2012 ◽  
pp. 114-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hussain G. Rammal
Keyword(s):  
International Business ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Codes Of Ethics ◽  
Ethical Perspective ◽  
Global Marketplace ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
Muslim Countries ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Decision Making Behavior ◽  
Western Perspective

The areas of ethics and social responsibility have increasingly become important in the study of international business and are now covered at the undergraduate and postgraduate levels. While the introduction of ethical theories and responsibilities of corporations within the subject matter has helped create awareness of ethical issues faced by managers in the global marketplace, the current body of knowledge focuses mainly on the Western perspective. This chapter extends the ethical perspective to non-Western philosophies and covers the teachings and ideologies of Confucianism, Gandhism and Islam. These philosophies describe the ethical and moral values that help can explain the decision-making behavior of managers in China, India and many Muslim countries. These suggested codes of ethics are relevant for both students and academics, especially in light of the increasing number of acquisitions by firms from emerging economies.

Ethical Issues in Dissemination and Implementation Research

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
James M. DuBois ◽  
Beth Prusaczyk
Keyword(s):  
Ethical Decision ◽  
Ethical Decision Making ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Dissemination And Implementation ◽  
Ethical Challenges ◽  
Specific Complex ◽  
Dissemination And Implementation Research ◽  
Research Regulations ◽  
Human Participants ◽  
Context Specific

This chapter focuses primarily on the protection of human participants in D&I studies. It begins by reviewing the Belmont principles that undergird US research regulations and considering the ethical case for D&I research. It then proceeds to examine some ethical issues that might arise during the course of a public health, D&I research agenda in middle schools. It covers the ethical case for D&I research and common ethical challenges. The chapter also discusses strategies for ethical decision-making. While these strategies may be beneficial to all researchers, the authors believe they are of particular value to dissemination and implementation researchers because the nature of their work—context specific, complex, and unfamiliar to many peers, collaborators, and reviewers—means they will deal with uncertainty and conflict on a regular basis, and solutions to the problems they face will rarely be found through simple reference principles, rules, or regulations.

Ethical Issues in Clinical Psychology

2010 ◽  
pp. 183-210
Author(s):  
Kenneth S. Pope
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Psychology ◽  
Ethical Decision ◽  
Ethical Decision Making ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
American Psychological Association ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Ethical Problems ◽  
Basic Assumptions ◽  
Ethics Code ◽  
Canadian Psychological Association

This chapter examines how ethical issues are approached differently by two prominent psychological associations, how they are encountered by psychologists, the formal complaints they give rise to, and how they can be approached systematically to avoid missteps. Included are basic assumptions about ethics; the unique approaches to developing a ethics code taken by the American Psychological Association (APA) and the Canadian Psychological Association (CPA), and what each of these two codes provides; empirical data about what ethical problems psychologists encounter and what formal complaints they face; four major sets of ethical issues that are particularly complex and challenging (confidentiality, informed consent, competence, and boundaries); an area of major controversy (clinical psychology and national security); steps in ethical decision-making; and four possible lines of future research.

scholarly journals Betrayal – Vice or Virtue? An Ethical Perspective on Accuracy in Simultaneous Interpreting

2007 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 290-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kilian G. Seeber ◽  
Christian Zelger
Keyword(s):  
Information Transfer ◽  
Ethical Decision ◽  
Test Bench ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Ethical Perspective ◽  
Simultaneous Interpreting ◽  
Accurate Interpretation ◽  
Original Message ◽  
To Come

Abstract Simultaneous conference interpreting represents a highly complex linguistic task and a very delicate process of information transfer. Consequently, the notion of truth – which applied to the field of simultaneous interpreting entails an accurate rendition of the original message – is of pivotal importance. In spite of that, an analysis of experimental transcripts and corpora sometimes seems to suggest that interpreters betray the speaker by deliberately altering the original. While we cannot exclude that such instances do exist, we argue that sometimes what looks like betrayal may in fact be a rendition based on a sound ethical decision. In this paper we take a closer look at these situations in an attempt to shed more light on the potential motivations underlying the interpreter’s decisions and actions. Using examples from real life interpreting situations, we take the interpreter’s output and put what at first sight appears to be a betrayal of the speaker on the ethical test bench, both from a deontological and a teleological perspective. Based on this analysis we propose a model suggesting that the interpreter uses three principal message components, verbal, semantic and intentional, in order to come up with an accurate interpretation of the original, which we call “truthful rendition.”

Concordant Exploration of the Kinetics of RNA Folding from Global and Local Perspectives

2006 ◽  
Vol 355 (2) ◽  
pp. 282-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa W. Kwok ◽  
Inna Shcherbakova ◽  
Jessica S. Lamb ◽  
Hye Yoon Park ◽  
Kurt Andresen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rna Folding ◽  
Global And Local ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Local Perspectives

The dialectic between global and local perspectives in archaeological theory, heritage and publications

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristian Kristiansen
Keyword(s):  
Annual Meeting ◽  
The Other ◽  
Archaeological Theory ◽  
Common Trends ◽  
Archaeological Practice ◽  
The Past ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Legislative Framework ◽  
Global And Local ◽  
Local Perspectives

When I agreed to present the article as a vehicle for discussion at a session at the EAA's annual meeting in Zadar, Croatia, I decided to approach the question of a European archaeology from what I considered to be the three organizing pillars of archaeological practice: heritage, theory and publications. Heritage is the dominant organizational/legislative framework for archaeological practice, and it is where most of the money is spent. Theory, on the other hand, organizes most of our interpretations of the past, while publications are still the most common way of presenting the results of both heritage work (mostly excavations) and interpretations of that work. In this way I hoped to have encircled the dominant parameters for a diagnosis of the archaeological landscapes in Europe. I assumed that there might be some correlation between the three, and that such observed common trends within two or more variables would strengthen the argument, to paraphrase processual jargon.

Deontological foundations of selflessness

2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 7-17
Author(s):  
Wiktor Wolman
Keyword(s):  
Human Activity ◽  
Moral Norm ◽  
Ethical Perspective ◽  
The Will ◽  
The Subject

The article is a part of the broad current of the philosophy of responsibility. It analyses and describes the basic elements of human activity in the anthropological and ethical perspective. A particular feature discussed in the article is selflessness, which is analysed in the perspective of the main ethical currents. In personalistic philosophy, responsibility and selflessness result from the will, whereas in deontological philosophy they result from the moral norm adopted by the subject. The concept that describes the nature and fundamental elements of an act is the theory of supererogatory act. According to it, a selfless act is a free, conscious act resulting from the realization of a norm immanent to the subject.

Neonatal nurse practitioner ethics knowledge and attitudes

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 2247-2258
Author(s):  
Mobolaji Famuyide ◽  
Caroline Compretta ◽  
Melanie Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Nurse Practitioners ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Ethical Decision ◽  
Ethical Decision Making ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Neonatal Nurse Practitioners

Background: Neonatal nurse practitioners have become the frontline staff exposed to a myriad of ethical issues that arise in the day-to-day environment of the neonatal intensive care unit. However, ethics competency at the time of graduation and after years of practice has not been described. Research aim: To examine the ethics knowledge base of neonatal nurse practitioners as this knowledge relates to decision making in the neonatal intensive care unit and to determine whether this knowledge is reflected in attitudes toward ethical dilemmas in the neonatal intensive care unit. Research design: This was a prospective cohort study that examined decision making at the threshold of viability, life-sustaining therapies for sick neonates, and a ranking of the five most impactful ethical issues. Participants and research context: All 47 neonatal nurse practitioners who had an active license in the State of Mississippi were contacted via e-mail. Surveys were completed online using Survey Monkey software. Ethical considerations: The study was approved by the University of Mississippi Medical Center Institutional Review Board (IRB; #2015-0189). Findings: Of the neonatal nurse practitioners who completed the survey, 87.5% stated that their religious practices affected their ethical decision making and 76% felt that decisions regarding life-sustaining treatment for a neonate should not involve consultation with the hospital’s legal team or risk management. Only 11% indicated that the consent process involved patient understanding of possible procedures. Participating in the continuation or escalation of care for infants at the threshold of viability was the top ethical issue encountered by neonatal nurse practitioners. Discussion: Our findings reflect deficiencies in the neonatal nurse practitioner knowledge base concerning ethical decision making, informed consent/permission, and the continuation/escalation of care. Conclusion: In addition to continuing education highlighting ethics concepts, exploring the influence of religion in making decisions and knowing the most prominent dilemmas faced by neonatal nurse practitioners in the neonatal intensive care unit may lead to insights into potential solutions.

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