scholarly journals resilience and cultural landscapes

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (25) ◽  
pp. 13-21
Author(s):  
Elena Dorato
Keyword(s):  
Soil Loss ◽  
Cultural Landscapes ◽  
Scenario Planning ◽  
Environmental System ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Agriculture Systems ◽  
Cinque Terre

Current climatc, social and fnancial phenomena have triggered deep modifcatons in cultural landscapes, threatening their fragile territories and the communites that live in them. Nevertheless, they also represent a challenge to fnd a renewed link between forms of human actvity and the producton of landscape in order to understand its future evolutons. This paper deals with this feld of investgaton in the context of the Cinque Terre Natonal Park, in Italy, through scenario planning criteria with the goal of rethinking the heritagelisted system of traditonal terraced agriculture systems as an infrastructural element for a resilient territory. Startng from the Universal Soil Loss Equaton (USLE), it identfes the main territorial factors of uncertainty and accordingly suggests possible interventon categories on the wider scale of the so-called slope units, through 2x2 matrixes. Defning a resilient transformaton program for the environmental system of the Cinque Terre Natonal Park over a twenty-year tme frame means considering adaptability as a key aspect in diferent scenarios that might be generated in the near future.

scholarly journals Multiperspective analysis of erosion tolerance

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 409-416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerd Sparovek ◽  
Isabella Clerici De Maria
Keyword(s):  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Erosion Control ◽  
Physical Processes ◽  
Environmental Sciences ◽  
Soil Loss Tolerance ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Effective Integration

Erosion tolerance is the most multidisciplinary field of soil erosion research. Scientists have shown lack in ability to adequately analyze the huge list of variables that influence soil loss tolerance definitions. For these the perspectives of erosion made by farmers, environmentalists, society and politicians have to be considered simultaneously. Partial and biased definitions of erosion tolerance may explain not only the polemic nature of the currently suggested values but also, in part, the nonadoption of the desired levels of erosion control. To move towards a solution, considerable changes would have to occur on how this topic is investigated, especially among scientists, who would have to change methods and strategies and extend the perspective of research out of the boundaries of the physical processes and the frontiers of the academy. A more effective integration and communication with the society and farmers, to learn about their perspective of erosion and a multidisciplinary approach, integrating soil, social, economic and environmental sciences are essential for improved erosion tolerance definitions. In the opinion of the authors, soil erosion research is not moving in this direction and a better understanding of erosion tolerance is not to be expected in the near future.

RECENT SHIFT OF MANAGEMNT POLICIES OF THE SETO INLAND SEA, JAPAN WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO PROMOTION OF SATOUMI ACTIVITIES

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osamu Matsuda ◽  
Osamu Matsuda
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Cultural Landscapes ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Seto Inland Sea ◽  
Nutrient Cycle ◽  
Natural Landscape ◽  
Holistic Approaches ◽  
The Seto Inland Sea ◽  
Near Future

“The special law” on the environmental conservation of the Seto Inland Sea, Japan and governmental basic plan for the environmental conservation of the sea based on the law were both revised recently in 2015. Two major aims of the previous basic plan (1. conservation of water quality, 2. conservation of natural landscape) were reformed to broaden four new major aims (1. conservation and restoration of coastal environment, 2. conservation and appropriate management of water quality, 3. conservation of natural and cultural landscapes, 4. sustainable utilization of fish resources) in the revised basic plan. Historically, environmental management policy of the Seto Inland Sea had firstly made emphasis on water pollution control such as total pollution load control (TPLC). However, this kind of passive conservation policy is gradually being sifted recently to active conservation such as Satoumi which includes restoration of biodiversity, biological productivity, habitat and well balanced nutrient cycle between land and sea. Holistic approaches such as integrated coastal management (ICM), ecosystem-based management (EBM) and adaptive management were incorporated into new policy in Japan. These clear changes of management policies of the Seto Inland Sea will make change more detailed policy of every related prefecture and hence will promote Satoumi activities in near future.

scholarly journals The Environmental Pollution and Control- Solution in Sponge Iron Industries

2012 ◽  
pp. 37-39
Author(s):  
Himanshu S. Moharana ◽  
Bipin B. Mohanty
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Sponge Iron ◽  
Control Solution ◽  
Environmental Assessments ◽  
Environmental System ◽  
Sound Mind ◽  
And Control ◽  
Industry Sectors ◽  
Near Future

It is normally assessed that a Country’s economy is directly proportional to the use of steel that the country is having. This is true and at the same time, some adverse situations are also caused due to such industrialization. In an Indian economy, it is advisable to open more and more industry sectors rather to seize them down. Motivation from governmental as well as nongovernmental agencies would be more effective to keep a sound mind towards the environmental assessments which is the call of the day the whole globe around. We have got much concern and responsibility to combat the climate change which has become a drastic phenomenon for rest of our lives as well as our ancestors. The paper discusses about the sponge iron industries and various methods to help support the environmental issues. It focuses how the environmental system related to the sponge iron industries in the country would help to build a green globe around in near future without affecting the economy of the country.

RECENT SHIFT OF MANAGEMNT POLICIES OF THE SETO INLAND SEA, JAPAN WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO PROMOTION OF SATOUMI ACTIVITIES

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osamu Matsuda ◽  
Osamu Matsuda
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Cultural Landscapes ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Management Policy ◽  
Seto Inland Sea ◽  
Nutrient Cycle ◽  
Natural Landscape ◽  
Holistic Approaches ◽  
The Seto Inland Sea ◽  
Near Future

“The special law” on the environmental conservation of the Seto Inland Sea, Japan and governmental basic plan for the environmental conservation of the sea based on the law were both revised recently in 2015. Two major aims of the previous basic plan (1. conservation of water quality, 2. conservation of natural landscape) were reformed to broaden four new major aims (1. conservation and restoration of coastal environment, 2. conservation and appropriate management of water quality, 3. conservation of natural and cultural landscapes, 4. sustainable utilization of fish resources) in the revised basic plan. Historically, environmental management policy of the Seto Inland Sea had firstly made emphasis on water pollution control such as total pollution load control (TPLC). However, this kind of passive conservation policy is gradually being sifted recently to active conservation such as Satoumi which includes restoration of biodiversity, biological productivity, habitat and well balanced nutrient cycle between land and sea. Holistic approaches such as integrated coastal management (ICM), ecosystem-based management (EBM) and adaptive management were incorporated into new policy in Japan. These clear changes of management policies of the Seto Inland Sea will make change more detailed policy of every related prefecture and hence will promote Satoumi activities in near future.

scholarly journals Landscape Perception and Public Participation for the Conservation and Valorization of Cultural Landscapes: The Case of the Cinque Terre and Porto Venere UNESCO Site

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Antonio Santoro ◽  
Martina Venturi ◽  
Mauro Agnoletti
Keyword(s):  
Public Participation ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Cultural Landscapes ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Secondary Forests ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Active Involvement ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Cinque Terre

Europe retains a great variety of cultural landscapes that constitute a significant part of the European cultural heritage. In the last decades, these high-quality landscapes are facing several challenges due to socio-economic transformations that often compromise their integrity. This situation is even worse for terraced landscapes, as in the case of the Porto Venere and Cinque Terre UNESCO World Heritage List site. The Management Plan developed for this area needs to deal with different issues: abandonment of terraced cultivations and growth of secondary forests, hydrogeological risk and high touristic pressure. Public participation is increasingly important in the process of decision-making, for incorporating the ideas and the needs of the local communities, helping to find effective solutions for the valorization of historic landscapes and for improving the quality of life. This research has investigated the perception of the local community regarding the current landscape dynamics and other critical issues studying the opinions of two social groups: farmers and residents. The purpose was to identify the best management strategies for the Management Plan and to actively involve the population in the decisions. The involvement of the local community turned out to be a very effective tool for the development of the Management Plan, suggesting a focus on the conservation of dry-stone terraces and the reduction of reforestation processes, as the strongest perceived threat is the abandonment of cultivated terraces and the resulting risk of landslides. The methodology applied in this study can be reproduced in other cultural landscapes characterized by high quality, complexity and fragility, while an active involvement of the population turned out to be important also for increasing the feeling that institutions take care of its issues.

The Eco-Environmental Protection Based on the Theory of Property Right

2012 ◽  
Vol 518-523 ◽  
pp. 4902-4906 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Jie Qin ◽  
Qing Nian Wang
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Development Policy ◽  
Property Right ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Environmental System ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Global Issues ◽  
The Government ◽  
Near Future

The environmental problems have become global issues. It is a key problem to solve in the near future for human beings to protect the survival environment and to adopt the sustainable development policy. This paper based on property theory analyzes the issues of the current eco-environmental system from the view of property right, points out the limitation of the methods through the property right and the calculation of other fees but not only the price in the market, analyzes the powerful effects when the property right is combined with financial methods from the government, and search some suitable solutions to the advantage of the sustainable development of the society. Finally, the paper analyzes the case of the property right and environmental protection in China.

scholarly journals Forest Area Changes in Cinque Terre National Park in the Last 80 Years. Consequences on Landslides and Forest Fire Risks

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 293
Author(s):  
Antonio Santoro ◽  
Martina Venturi ◽  
Francesco Piras ◽  
Beatrice Fiore ◽  
Federica Corrieri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
National Parks ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
National Park ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Cultural Landscapes ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
Cinque Terre

Cinque Terre, one of the most important Italian cultural landscapes, has not been spared from depopulation and agricultural abandonment processes, that involved many rural areas in Europe, as a consequence of socio-economic transformations that occurred after WWII. Depopulation of rural areas, especially in mountains or in terraced areas, caused significant environmental consequences, such as the decrease of biodiversity, the landscape homogenization, the increase of hydrogeological and forest fires risks. Cinque Terre National Park (5TNP) was established in 1999, and, differently from other Italian National Parks, not just for protecting natural habitats, but mainly to preserve, restore and valorize the historical terraced landscape. Moreover, the area is a UNESCO cultural landscape site and it is partly protected by three Sites of Community Importance. The research intended to investigate the transformations that have affected forested areas inside the 5TNP in the period 1936–2018, also highlighting the connections with hydrogeological and forest fires risks, as a support for the Park planning strategies and the conservation of the UNESCO site. Results highlighted that 37% of the current forests are the consequence of dry stones terraces abandonment that occurred in the twentieth century, with negative effects on the stability of steep slopes, hydrogeological risk, forest fires and on the conservation of a unique cultural landscape. This confirms the current national trend showing no deforestation occurring, but rather a continuous increase of forests on abandoned land. While 5TNP policies and actions are effectively aimed at pursuing an equilibrium between cultivated areas and forests, the Sites of Community Importance located inside the Park mainly focuses on the conservation of “natural habitats”, even if the current vegetation is also the result of secondary successions on former cultivated land. The research highlighted the need to valorize “cultural values” in forest planning as well as the importance of forest history for an accurate planning of forest resources in protected areas.

scholarly journals IMPACT OF LAND USE CHANGE TO THE SOIL EROSION ESTIMATION FOR CULTURAL LANDSCAPES: CASE STUDY OF PAPHOS DISRICT IN CYPRUS

2017 ◽  
Vol XLII-5/W1 ◽  
pp. 25-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Cuca ◽  
A. Agapiou
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Soil Erosion ◽  
Land Use Change ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Soil Loss ◽  
Cultural Landscapes ◽  
Productivity Level ◽  
Cover Factor ◽  
Factor C ◽  
The Impact

In 2006 UNESCO report has identified soil loss as one of the main threats of climate change with possible impact to natural and cultural heritage. The study illustrated in this paper shows the results from geomatic perspective, applying an interdisciplinary approach undertaken in order to identify major natural hazards affecting cultural landscapes and archaeological heritage in rural areas in Cyprus. In particular, Earth Observation (EO) and ground-based methods were identified and applied for mapping, monitoring and estimation of the possible soil loss caused by soil erosion. Special attention was given to the land use/land cover factor (C) and its impact on the overall estimation of the soil-loss. Cover factor represents the effect of soil-disturbing activities, plants, crop sequence and productivity level, soil cover and subsurface bio-mass on soil erosion. Urban areas have a definite role in retarding the recharge process, leading to increased runoff and soil loss in the broader area. On the other hand, natural vegetation plays a predominant role in reducing water erosion. The land use change was estimated based on the difference of the NDVI value between Landsat 5 TM and Sentinel-2 data for the period between 1980s’ until today. Cover factor was then estimated for both periods and significant land use changes were further examined in areas of significant cultural and natural landscape value. The results were then compared in order to study the impact of land use change on the soil erosion and hence on the soil loss rate in the selected areas.

Spectrophotometric reductions with an IBM 1620

1966 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 116-117
Author(s):  
P.-I. Eriksson
Keyword(s):  
Astronomical Data ◽  
Spectrophotometric Data ◽  
Electronic Computers ◽  
The University ◽  
Near Future

Nowadays more and more of the reductions of astronomical data are made with electronic computers. As we in Uppsala have an IBM 1620 at the University, we have taken it to our help with reductions of spectrophotometric data. Here I will briefly explain how we use it now and how we want to use it in the near future.

Recent developments in automated Transmission Electron MI

1989 ◽  
Vol 47 ◽  
pp. 46-47
Author(s):  
W.J. de Ruijter ◽  
P. Rez ◽  
David J. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Image Analysis ◽  
Computer Image ◽  
Lens Design ◽  
Computer Image Analysis ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Resolution Electron ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
On Line ◽  
Routine Procedures ◽  
Near Future

There is growing interest in the on-line use of computers in high-resolution electron n which should reduce the demands on highly skilled operators and thereby extend the r of the technique. An on-line computer could obviously perform routine procedures hand, or else facilitate automation of various restoration, reconstruction and enhan These techniques are slow and cumbersome at present because of the need for cai micrographs and off-line processing. In low resolution microscopy (most biologic; primary incentive for automation and computer image analysis is to create a instrument, with standard programmed procedures. In HREM (materials researc computer image analysis should lead to better utilization of the microscope. Instru (improved lens design and higher accelerating voltages) have improved the interpretab the level of atomic dimensions (approximately 1.6 Å) and instrumental resolutior should become feasible in the near future.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document