scholarly journals CONTROLE BIOLÓGICO DA MOSCA-DO-MEDITERRÂNEO Ceratitis capitata UTILIZANDO NEMATOIDES ENTOMOPATOGÊNICOS EM LABORATÓRIO

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramon Santos de MINAS ◽  
Claudia DOLINSKI ◽  
Rômulo da Silva CARVALHO ◽  
Ricardo Moreira de SOUZA
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽  
Ceratitis Capitata ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Heterorhabditis Bacteriophora ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Steinernema Carpocapsae ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Feasible Alternative

O presente trabalho avaliou em laboratório, a utilização de diferentes linhagens de nematoides entomopatogênicos (NEPs) individualmente e combinadas visando ao controle biológico da mosca-do-Mediterrâneo, Ceratitis capitata Wied. (Diptera, Tephritidae). No primeiro bioensaio foram utilizadas oito linhagens individualizadas de NEPs (Steinernema carpocapsae NCALL, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora HP88, H. baujardi LPP7, H. indica LPP1, H. indica LPP14, H. sp. LPP9, H. sp. LPP17 e H. sp. LPP12) sendo que para cada tratamento foram utilizados 20 tubos de ensaio cada um contendo areia,10 larvas L3 de C. capitata e 100 juvenis infectantes (JIs) diluídos em 1 cm3 de água destilada. No tratamento controle foi adicionado 1 cm3 de água destilada. No segundo bioensaio, foram utilizadas cinco larvas de C. capitata e as linhagens de nematoides foram combinadas duas a duas num total de 100 juvenis por repetição (50 JIs de cada linhagem) Os bioensaios foram conduzidos a 28 ºC, 80% UR e 12 de fotoperíodo. A mortalidade média das larvas foi avaliada pelo teste de Tukey a 1%. Individualmente as linhagens H. baujardi LPP7, H. indica LPP14, H. sp. LPP17 e H. sp. LPP12 foram as mais eficientes e causaram mortalidade entre 75 e 98,5%. As combinações mais eficientes foram H. indica LPP14 + H. sp. LPP9 e H. sp. LPP17 + H. sp. LPP12 com mortalidade de larvas L3 de 60 e 82%, respectivamente. Conclui-se que tanto separadamente ou em combinação, algumas linhagens de NEPs podem ser usadas no controle biológico de C. capitata, sendo que quando usadas separadamente, a eficiência é maior. ABSTRACT The present study investigated under laboratory conditions the use of entomopathogenic nematodes strains separately or in combinations, as biological control agent of Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata Wied. (Diptera, Tephritidae). In the first bioassay, eight strains were used separately (Steinernema carpocapsae NCALL, Heterorhabditis bacteriophora HP88, H. baujardi LPP7, H. indica LPP1, H. indica LPP14, H. sp. LPP9, H. sp. LPP17 e H. sp. LPP12). For each treatment, 20 test tubes with sand, 10 larvae of C. capitata and 100 infective juveniles (IJs) diluted in 1 cm3 of distilled water were used. In the treatment control only 1 cm3 of distilled water was added. In the second bioassay it was used the same material; however, the number of C. capitata larvae was reduced to five and strains of nematodes combined in pairs, in a total of 100 IJs per replicate (50 individuals of each strain). All treatments were stored in an incubator for 15 days (28 ºC, 80% RU and 12 h photoperiod). The average mortality of larvae L3 was evaluated by Tukey test at 1%. The strains H. baujardi LPP7, H. indica LPP14, H. sp. LPP17 and H. sp. LPP12 were the most efficient ones, reaching mortalities range between 75 and 98.5%. In the second experiment, the most effective combinations were H. indica LPP14 + H. sp. LPP9 and H. sp. LPP17 + H. sp. LPP12 with mortality of 60 and 82%, respectively. We concluded that the use of NEPs in the biological control of C. capitata is a feasible alternative either using species separated or in combination, but the first one may reach higher mortality.

Effectiveness of Entomopathogenic Nematodes Against Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) Pupae and Nematode Compatibility with Chemical Insecticides

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maguintontz Cedney Jean-Baptiste ◽  
Andressa Lima de Brida ◽  
Daniel Bernardi ◽  
Sérgio da Costa Dias ◽  
Juliano de Bastos Pazini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽  
Ceratitis Capitata ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Steinernema Carpocapsae ◽  
Mediterranean Fruit Fly ◽  
Fruit Crops ◽  
Class 1 ◽  
Pupal Mortality

Abstract The Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann, 1824) (Diptera: Tephritidae) is among the main pests of fruit crops worldwide. Biological control using entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) may be an alternative to suppress populations of this pest. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the pathogenicity and virulence of six EPN isolates (Heterorhabditis bacteriophora HB, H. amazonensis IBCB-n24, Steinernema carpocapsae IBCB-n02, S. rarum PAM-25, S. glaseri IBCB-n47, and S. brazilense IBCB-n06) against C. capitata pupae. The compatibility of EPNs with different chemical insecticides that are registered for management of C. capitata was also assessed. Isolates of H. bacteriophora HB and S. brazilense IBCB-n06 at a concentration of 1,000 infective juveniles (IJ)/ml proved to be most pathogenic to C. capitata (70 and 80% mortality, respectively). In contrast, the isolates H. amazonensis IBCB-n24, Steinernema carpocapsae IBCB-n02, S. rarum PAM-25, S. glaseri IBCB-n47 provided pupal mortality of less than 60%. Bioassays to determine lethal concentrations indicated that concentrations of 600 IJ/ml (H. bacteriophora HB) and 1,000 IJ/ml (S. brazilense IBCB-n06) showed the highest virulence against C. capitata pupae. In contrast, the highest numbers of IJs emerged at concentrations of 1,200 and 200 IJ/ml. In compatibility bioassays, malathion, spinetoram, phosmet, acetamiprid, and novaluron were considered compatible with and harmless (Class 1) to H. bacteriophora HB and S. brazilense IBCB-n06, according to IOBC/WPRS. This information is important for implementing integrated management programs for C. capitata, using biological control with EPNs, whether alone or in combination with chemical insecticides.

scholarly journals Virulence of four entomopathogenic nematode against different stages of the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata Wiedemann (Diptera: Tephritidae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mürşide Yağcı ◽  
Tuğba Akdeniz Fırat ◽  
F. Dolunay Erdoğuş ◽  
Müge Şahin
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Ceratitis Capitata ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematode ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Adult Mortality ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Mediterranean Fruit Fly ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Negative Effects

Abstract Background Ceratitis capitata Wiedemann (Diptera: Tephritidae) (Mediterranean fruit fly), is one of the important polyphagous pest species in the world that harms almost all fruits causing significant yields losses. Control of this pest which is on the quarantine list of many countries is highly important. Due to the negative effects of chemical control on the environment and human health, biological control approaches have gained importance. Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) are a potential biological control agent that can be used for effectively controlling the Medfly. Results In this study, effects of four EPNs species on larvae, pupae and adults of Medfly were investigated under laboratory conditions. Four different concentrations of EPNs species were used against each stage of the pest. It pest showed different sensitivity to different concentrations of each of the tested EPNs. High mortality rate of 94% was caused by Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (11 KG),, followed by H. bacteriophora (TOK-20) with 91%, Steinernema carpocapsae (85%) and S. feltiae (Tokat-Emir) with 71% at highest concentration (200 IJ/larvae. The highest effect on adult mortality (100%) was recorded by the species S. feltiae (Tokat-Emir) at the highest concentration (200 IJ/adult) in the trials, followed by H. bacteriophora (11 KG) with 92%, H. bacteriophora (TOK-20) with 91% and S. carpocapsae (Tokat-Bakışlı05) with 87.37% mortality rates at the same concentrations. Conclusions It was determined that the EPNs tested in this study had insecticidal properties and they might be used in biological control programs against the Medfly.

scholarly journals Biological Control of Rose Powdery Mildew with the Antagonist Yeast Tilletiopsis pallescens

HortScience ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 262-266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ken K. Ng ◽  
Leslie MacDonald ◽  
Zamir K. Punja
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Culture Filtrate ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Spore Suspension ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Growing Conditions ◽  
Sphaerotheca Pannosa

The efficacy of Tilletiopsis pallescens Gokhale, a naturally occurring ballistosporeforming yeast isolated from mildew-infected leaves, was evaluated as a biological control agent against rose powdery mildew [Sphaerotheca pannosa (Wallr.:Fr.) Lév. var. rosae Woronichin]. Two trials were conducted on potted rose (Rosa sp.) plants (1-year-old cv. Cardinal Pink) under commercial greenhouse-growing conditions during the summer (June to September) when mildew was most severe. Mildew-infected plants were subjected to one of four treatments: a T. pallescens spore suspension applied three times (3–4 d apart), distilled water (applied three times), one application of T. pallescens spore suspension, or one application of culture filtrate without spores. Two weeks after treatment began, mildew development was evaluated by enumerating conidial density on sampled leaflets. Sporulation was significantly reduced (by 97%–98%) on plants treated with three applications of T. pallescens spore suspension, compared to a 47%–57% reduction on plants treated with three applications of distilled water. There was no significant difference in conidial density between plants treated with one application of T. pallescens spore suspension and plants treated with one application of its culture filtrate, with a 78%–94% reduction in conidia, which was significantly higher than for the water treatment. The mode(s) of action of T. pallescens appears to be eradicant and associated with enzymes or metabolites produced in the culture filtrate. The results from this study demonstrate the potential for biological control of rose powdery mildew under commercial growing conditions in British Columbia.

scholarly journals Rearing of chelifers for potential biocontrol of varroa mites

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 ◽  
pp. 290-290
Author(s):  
S. Read ◽  
B.G. Howlett ◽  
B.J. Donovan ◽  
W.R. Nelson ◽  
R.F. Van_Toor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Acyrthosiphon Pisum ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Generalist Predators ◽  
Breeding Populations ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Varroa Mites

Honeybee colonies infested with the varroa mite (Varroa destructor) usually collapse unless they have been treated with acaracides Resistance to the most commonly used acaracides is increasing and no biological control options are yet available Chelifers (pseudoscorpions) are generalist predators and may have potential as a biological control agent This poster describes an attempt to establish breeding populations of native chelifers which have been shown to actively feed on varroa with the ultimate aim of testing their ability as a biological control of varroa Two species of chelifers (Nesochernes gracilis and Heterochernes novaezealandiae) collected from honeybee hives and in leaf litter near apiaries at Katikati (Bay of Plenty) are being maintained in the laboratory They are surviving on a variety of different food sources such as Drosophila sp larvae (fruit fly) aphids (Acyrthosiphon pisum) and moth larvae (Helicoverpa armigera Spodoptera litura and Plodia interpunctella) With little known about raising these chelifers in captivity their diet preferences and feeding periods are being obtained as a first step to obtaining the basic information necessary for potential commercial propagation of chelifers for varroa control in honeybee hives

Psyttalia lounsburyi (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), potential biological control agent for the olive fruit fly in California

2008 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kent M. Daane ◽  
Karen R. Sime ◽  
Xin-geng Wang ◽  
Hannah Nadel ◽  
Marshall W. Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Fruit Fly ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Olive Fruit Fly ◽  
Olive Fruit

scholarly journals On the efficiency of entomopathogenic nematodes (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae and Steinernematidae) on rust red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst.) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatma Dolunay Erdoğuş
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Tribolium Castaneum ◽  
Entomopathogenic Nematodes ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Red Flour Beetle ◽  
Flour Beetle ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Coleoptera Tenebrionidae

Abstract Background The rust red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst.) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) is a serious pest of stored grains and grain products across the world. This beetle is hold a significant place in Turkey by causing damages on stored products. T. castaneum primarily attacks milled grain and its derivates. Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) are regarded as extremely an important biological control agent. EPNs kills their hosts within 48 h by the bacteria they carry. Results Efficacies of 4 isolates of EPNs Steinernema carpocapsae (Tokat Bakisli 05), S. feltiae (Tokat-Emir), Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (TOK-20) and H. bacteriophora (11-KG) against T. castaneum was investigated under laboratory conditions. The experiments were carried out thrice with 10 replicates at 2 different temperatures (15 and 25 ºC). EPNs isolates were tested at 3 different concentrations (250, 500 and 1000 IJs/ml) with a pure water as control. The overall mortality caused by H. bacteriophora (Kg11) was significantly higher than the other EPN species. At 25 ºC, H. bacteriophora (Kg11) at the highest concentration (1000 IJs/ml) caused 87.6% mortality after 120 h., followed by S. carpocapsae and S. feltiae with 79.22 and 75.3% mortality rates, respectively. The mortality percentages exhibited by all nematodes’ species at both temperatures were lowest at the concentration of (250 IJs/ml). At 15 °C, H. bacteriophora (Kg11) caused (55.2%) mortality rate at the highest concentration (1000 IJs / ml) after 120 h. Conclusion The study suggested that these nematodes were efficient and could be recommended to control T. castaneum in its biological control programs.

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