LC50 DETERMINATION OF EUPHORBIA THYMIFOLIA LINN BY BRINE SHRIMP LETHALITY ASSAY

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (05) ◽  
pp. 16-18
Author(s):  
S. R Kane ◽  
◽  
S. V. Bhandari ◽  
C. S. Magdum
Keyword(s):  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Herbal Extracts ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay ◽  
Anti Tumor Activity

Brine shrimp larva has been used as a bioassay for a variety of toxic substances. Brine shrimp lethality assay has been applied to plant extracts in order to facilitate the isolation of biologically active compounds. This method is used for the determination of LC50 values of herbal extracts. In this study, the plants Euphorbia thymifolia Linn, which is reported in traditional literature for its anti-tumor activity, had been selected to test for brine shrimp lethality activity. Petroleum ether, diethyl ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, acetone, methanol, aqueous and ethanolic extract were collected and checked for activity. The result showed that the LC50values of ethanolic extract of the whole plant are found 106.75 μg to possess significant cytotoxic activity.

DETERMINATION OF ANTI-BACTERIAL ACTIVITY AND IN VITRO CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITY USING BRINE SHRIMP LETHALITY ASSAY OF CAESALPINIA BONDUCELLA LINN EXTRACTS

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (03) ◽  
pp. 19-22
Author(s):  
F. J. Sayyad ◽  
G. H. Wadkar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Root Bark ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay ◽  
Caesalpinia Bonducella

Brine shrimp lethality assay is an important tool for preliminary assessment of cytotoxicity of herbal drugs. This method is used for the determination of LC50 values of herbal extracts. The root bark of Caesalpinia bonducella, which is reported in traditional literature for its anti-tumour activity, had been selected to test for brine shrimp lethality activity and antibacterial potentialities by Agar well diffusion method against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria at concentrations of 150 and 300 μg/mL. Ciprofloxacin (100 μg/mL) was used as the standard drug. Present study shows that the LC50 of ethanolic and aqueous extract Caesalpinia bonducella root bark were found to be 190.30 and 282.18 ug/mL, respectively. The ethanolic and aqueous extract of Caesalpinia bonducella root bark exhibited antibacterial activity. Ethanolic extract showed better sensitivity towards S. aureus and B. subtilis as compared to aqueous extract while ethanolic extract showed moderate sensitivity towards E. coli and K. pneumoniae.

scholarly journals In Vitro Anticancer MCF-7, Anti-Inflammatory, and Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay (BSLA) and GC-MS Analysis of Whole Plant Butanol Fraction of Rheum ribes (WBFRR)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jahangir Khan Achakzai ◽  
Muhammad Anwar Panezai ◽  
Muhammad Ayub Kakar ◽  
Abdul Manan Kakar ◽  
Shahabuddin Kakar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Aqueous Fraction ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Butanol Fraction ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Mcf 7

In this study, GC-MS analysis has shown that whole plant butanol fraction of rheum ribes (WBFRR) comprises of 21 compounds which exhibited anticancer (MCF-7) activity having IC50 value of 36.01± 0.26. MTT assay (MCF-7), Oxidative Burst assay using chemiluminescence technique, and B-Hatching techniques were the methods used for anticancer MCF-7, anti-inflammatory, and Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay (BSLA). GC-MS was used for structural elucidation. Whole plant methanol extract of rheum ribes (WMERR), whole plant n-hexane fraction of rheum ribes (WHFRR), and whole plant aqueous fraction of rheum ribes (WAFRR) were inactive against anticancer (MCF-7) cell line. Whole plant methanol extract of rheum ribes (WMERR), whole plant aqueous fraction of rheum ribes (WAFRR) and whole plant butanol fraction of rheum ribes (WBFRR) showed anti-inflammatory activity on ROS having IC50 value of 23.2±1.9, 24.2±2.7 and 12.0±0.6. Whole plant butanol fraction of rheum ribes (WBFRR) showed Brine Shrimp Lethality with LD50 693.302 while whole plant methanol extract of rheum ribes (WMERR) and whole plant aqueous fraction of rheum ribes (WAFRR) showed high lethality at highest concentration. This study revealed that whole plant butanol fraction of rheum ribes (WBFRR) exhibited significant anticancer (MCF-7) activity. In the near future, the constituent of whole plant butanol fraction of rheum ribes (WBFRR) can be the alternative drug against MCF-7 cell line with least toxicity and side effects.

scholarly journals In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory, Anticancer (MCF-7, 3T3, and HeLa Cell Lines), and Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay and FTIR Analysis of the Extract and Fractions of the Whole Plant of Heliotropium europaeum

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Jahangir Khan Achakzai ◽  
Muhammad Anwar Panezai ◽  
Basira Akhtar ◽  
Shahabuddin Kakar ◽  
Ali Akbar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Ftir Analysis ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Ftir Studies ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay ◽  
Hela Cell Lines ◽  
Heliotropium Europaeum ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Mcf 7

In this study, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, brine shrimp lethality, and FTIR studies were evaluated. The oxidative burst assay using the chemiluminescence technique, MTT assay, brine shrimp lethality assay, and FTIR analysis were the methods used for the evaluation of anti-inflammatory, anticancer, brine shrimp lethality, and FTIR studies, respectively. The whole-plant butanol fraction of Heliotropium europaeum (WBFHE) showed anti-inflammatory activity on ROS having IC5014.7±2.5 while the extract and other fractions of the whole plant of Heliotropium europaeum exhibited no anti-inflammatory activity. None of the extract and fractions of the whole plant of Heliotropium europaeum exhibited anticancer (MCF-7, 3T3, and HeLa cell lines) activities. The whole-plant aqueous fraction of Heliotropium europaeum (WAFHE) and whole-plant butanol fraction of Heliotropium europaeum (WBFHE) showed lethality at high concentration while at low concentration, no toxicity was shown. The whole-plant methanolic extract of Heliotropium europaeum (WMEHE) and whole-plant n-hexane fraction of Heliotropium europaeum (WHFHE) exhibited no toxicity. FTIR interpretation showed the functional groups for the aromatic compounds, phenols, carboxylic acids, esters, alkanes, alkenes, alcohols, alkyl halides, sulfate esters, phosphines, silanes, nitriles, thiols, amines, phosphoric acids, and nitro compounds.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Biological Activities of Evolvulus Nummularius L. through Insecticidal, Insect Repellency and Brine Shrimp Lethality Tests

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 101-104
Author(s):  
Md Moniruzzaman ◽  
Nayeema Parvin ◽  
Sabina Sultana ◽  
Mohammad Abdullah ◽  
Ataur Rahman Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tribolium Castaneum ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Moderate Activity ◽  
Meoh Extract ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Chcl3 Extract ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay

Assessment of Evolvulus nummularius L. through whole plant extracts (collected in petroleum ether [Pet.E.], chloroform [CHCl3] and methanol [MeOH]) were made against Tribolium castaneum (Hbst.) for insecticidal and insect repellency and against Artemia salina L. for brine shrimp lethality, and the results were promising. The LC50 values against T. castaneum adults for Pet.E. extract were 1.280, 1.220, 1.096 and 1.030?g cm-2; for CHCl3 extract 3.249, 2.990, 2.526 and 2.204?g cm-2; and for MeOH extract 2.925, 1.899, 1.875 and 1.789?g cm-2, respectively for 12, 24, 36 and 48h of exposure. The intensity of activity could be arranged in a descending order: Pet.E. extract> MeOH extract> CHCl3 extract. For repellency, CHCl3 and MeOH extracts offered moderate activity (P <0.01), but the Pet.E. extract did not show efficacy against the beetles. The same extracts responded positively in brine shrimp lethality assay where the LC50 values for Pet.E. extract were 141.553, 98.941, 24.684 and 8.560ppm; for CHCl3 extracts 699.048, 366.663, 326.0039 and 40.114ppm; and for MeOH extracts 2336.982, 1258.605, 355.962 and 137.0589ppm respectively for 12, 18, 24 and 30h of exposure. However, the intensity of activity could be arranged in a descending order: Pet.E. extract> CHCl3 extract> MeOH extract. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jles.v8i0.20153 J. Life Earth Sci., Vol. 8: 101-104, 2013

scholarly journals Antioxidant, Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Activity of the Methanol Extract of Urtica Crenulata

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-177
Author(s):  
M. A. Rahman ◽  
M. S. Rana ◽  
M. M. Zaman ◽  
S. A. Uddin ◽  
R. Akter
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Free Radical Scavenging ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay ◽  
Stem Extract

The antioxidant, antibacterial and cytotoxic properties of methanol extract of Urtica crenulata (syn: Laportea crenulata Gaud) stem has been investigated in the present study. The antioxidant and cytotoxic activity of the Urtica crenulata methanol extract were assessed by DPPH free radical scavenging method and brine shrimp lethality bioassay method, respectively. The antibacterial activity of the plant extract (500 μg/disc) was also carried out by disc diffusion technique. Stem extract showed DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging effect compared with ascorbic acid. IC50 value of ascorbic acid and stem extract was found 14.72 μg/ml and 1468.9 μg/ml, respectively. In antibacterial experiment, Urtica crenulata stem extract showed 8, 14 and 10 mm of diameter of zone inhibition against Salmonella typhi, Shigella flexneri and Shigella sonnei, respectively and 9 and 8 mm of diameter of zone inhibition against Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus cereus but no activity was observed against Staphylococcus aureus. In brine shrimp lethality assay, the LC50 value of the extract was found 104.0 μg/ml, which indicates that the extract has high cytoxic effect. The present study demonstrates that methanol extract of Urtica crenulata stem has significant cytotoxic effect. The extract also showed some moderate antibacterial and minimum significant antioxidant effects.  Keywords: Urtica crenulata;  Antioxidant; Antibacterial; Cytotoxic; BHT. © 2010 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v2i1.2872             J. Sci. Res. 2 (1), 169-177 (2010) 

scholarly journals Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay of the Aqueous and Ethanolic Extracts of the Selected Species of Medicinal Plants

Proceedings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 47
Author(s):  
Sandeep Waghulde ◽  
Mohan K. Kale ◽  
VijayR. Patil
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Pharmacological Effects ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay ◽  
Ethanolic Extracts ◽  
Annona Reticulata

The present study was conducted to test for in vivo Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay (BSLA) of the Aqueous and ethanolic extracts of Annona reticulata with Allium fistolisum and Brassica oleraceaeand correlate cytotoxicity results with known pharmacological activities of the plants. Cytotoxicity was evaluated in terms of LC50 (lethality concentration). Ten nauplii were added into three replicates of each concentration of the plant extract. After 24 h the surviving brine shrimp larvae were counted and LC50 was assessed. Results showed that the extracts of Annona reticulata with Allium fistolisumand Brassica oleraceaewere potent against the brine shrimp when compared alone with combined extracts. It indicated that bioactive components are present in these plants that could be accounted for its pharmacological effects. Thus, the results support the uses of these plant species in traditional medicine.

scholarly journals Phytochemicals, Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Potential Study of Tinospora cordifolia

2020 ◽  
pp. 77-84
Author(s):  
Anik Barua ◽  
Md. Rabiul Hossain ◽  
Labonno Barua ◽  
Abu Sadat Md. Sayem ◽  
Md. Zainul Abedin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Antimicrobial Property ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Tinospora Cordifolia ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Cytotoxic Potential ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay ◽  
Stem Extract

Aims: Tinospora cordifolia is a herb used in the traditional folk medicine due to their health benefits. Studies reported the biochemical composition and some biological properties of the plant stem. The aim of the current study was to investigate the antimicrobial and cytotoxic properties from the extract of Tinospora cordifolia stem. Place and Duration of Study: The study was accomplished by eleven months in the Department of Pharmacy, University of Science and Technology Chittagong (USTC), Bangladesh.  Methodology: Presence of phytochemical constituents such as alkaloids, flavonoids and tannins, saponins were evaluated. Antimicrobial activity of the stem extract was assayed separately using an agar diffusion method against some gram negative and gram positive bacteria. The cytotoxic potential of the stem extract was evaluated by the Brine-Shrimp Lethality Assay mathod.  Results: The zone of inhibition formed by the methanolic extract in the antimicrobial assays was significant. In addition, cytotoxicity of the extract was found to be significant as compared to the standard gallic acid in Brine-Shrimp lethality assay. Conclusion: The methanolic extract of Tinospora cordifolia may possess significant antimicrobial property which requires more studies to isolate the specific bioactive compound for developing a new antimicrobial agent from this plant.

scholarly journals Toxicological evaluation of the plant products using Brine Shrimp (Artemia salina L.) model

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (01) ◽  
pp. 9-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mentor R. Hamidi ◽  
Blagica Jovanova ◽  
Tatjana Kadifkova Panovska
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Herbal Extract ◽  
Predictive Tool ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Plant Products ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay ◽  
Starting Point

Many natural products could serve as the starting point in the development of modern medicines because of their numerous biological and pharmacological activities. However, some of them are known to carry toxicological properties as well. In order to achieve a safe treatment with plant products, numerous research studies have recently been focused on both pharmacology and toxicity of medicinal plants. Moreover, these studies employed efforts for alternative biological assays. Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay is the most convenient system for monitoring biological activities of various plant species. This method is very useful for preliminary assessment of toxicity of the plant extracts. Rapidness, simplicity and low requirements are several advantages of this assay. However, several conditions need to be completed, especially in the means of standardized experimental conditions (temperature, pH of the medium, salinity, aeration and light). The toxicity of herbal extracts using this assay has been determined in a concentration range of 10, 100 and 1000 µg/ml of the examined herbal extract. Most toxicity studies which use the Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay determine the toxicity after 24 hours of exposure to the tested sample. The median lethal concentration (LC50) of the test samples is obtained by a plot of percentage of the dead shrimps against the logarithm of the sample concentration. LC50 values are estimated using a probit regression analysis and compared with either Meyer’s or Clarkson’s toxicity criteria. Furthermore, the positive correlation between Meyer’s toxicity scale for Artemia salina and Gosselin, Smith and Hodge’s toxicity scale for higher animal models confirmed that the Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay is an excellent predictive tool for the toxic potential of plant extracts in humans.

scholarly journals Screening of antimicrobial potential and brine shrimp lethality bioassay of the whole plant extract of Spilanthes paniculata Wall. ex DC

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Rokeya Siddiqui ◽  
Md Masud Alam ◽  
Mohammad Ruhul Amin ◽  
AFM Shahid Ud Daula ◽  
MM Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Crude Extract ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Vincristine Sulphate ◽  
Soluble Fractions

Bangladesh possesses a rich flora of medicinal plant. Out of the estimated 5000 species of phanerogams and pteridophytes growing in this country, more than a thousand are regarded as having medicinal properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial activity and brine shrimp lethality of the whole plant extracts of Spilanthes paniculata, a plant belonging to the family Asteraceae. The crude extract, n-Hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate soluble fraction of crude extract showed significant to moderate antimicrobial activity against three Gram positive and three Gram negative microorganisms. The zones of inhibition produced by the crude extract (methanolic extract), n-hexane, choloform and ethyl acetate soluble fractions were found to be 14.89 mm-19.40 mm, 14 mm-19.40 mm, 10.66 mm-13.50 mm and 9.50 mm-13.26 mm, consecutively at a concentration of 30 µg/disc. N-Hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate soluble fractions of methanolic extract of Spilanthes paniculata were screened for antitumor properties using brine shrimp lethality bioassay. From the results of the brine shrimp lethality bioassay, it can be well predicted that n-hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate soluble fractions of methanolic extract possess mild cytotoxicity on shrimp naupalii. The median lethal concentration (LC50, the concentration at which 50% mortality of brine shrimp nauplii occurred) of n-hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate were 48.978 mg/ml, 92.61 mg/ml and 216.770 mg/ml, respectively, comparison with positive control vincristine sulphate with 0.839 mg/ml. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sjm.v3i1.22743 Stamford Journal of Microbiology, Vol.3(1) 2013: 1-5

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