scholarly journals Evaluation of Biological Activities of Evolvulus Nummularius L. through Insecticidal, Insect Repellency and Brine Shrimp Lethality Tests

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 101-104
Author(s):  
Md Moniruzzaman ◽  
Nayeema Parvin ◽  
Sabina Sultana ◽  
Mohammad Abdullah ◽  
Ataur Rahman Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tribolium Castaneum ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Moderate Activity ◽  
Meoh Extract ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Chcl3 Extract ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay

Assessment of Evolvulus nummularius L. through whole plant extracts (collected in petroleum ether [Pet.E.], chloroform [CHCl3] and methanol [MeOH]) were made against Tribolium castaneum (Hbst.) for insecticidal and insect repellency and against Artemia salina L. for brine shrimp lethality, and the results were promising. The LC50 values against T. castaneum adults for Pet.E. extract were 1.280, 1.220, 1.096 and 1.030?g cm-2; for CHCl3 extract 3.249, 2.990, 2.526 and 2.204?g cm-2; and for MeOH extract 2.925, 1.899, 1.875 and 1.789?g cm-2, respectively for 12, 24, 36 and 48h of exposure. The intensity of activity could be arranged in a descending order: Pet.E. extract> MeOH extract> CHCl3 extract. For repellency, CHCl3 and MeOH extracts offered moderate activity (P <0.01), but the Pet.E. extract did not show efficacy against the beetles. The same extracts responded positively in brine shrimp lethality assay where the LC50 values for Pet.E. extract were 141.553, 98.941, 24.684 and 8.560ppm; for CHCl3 extracts 699.048, 366.663, 326.0039 and 40.114ppm; and for MeOH extracts 2336.982, 1258.605, 355.962 and 137.0589ppm respectively for 12, 18, 24 and 30h of exposure. However, the intensity of activity could be arranged in a descending order: Pet.E. extract> CHCl3 extract> MeOH extract. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jles.v8i0.20153 J. Life Earth Sci., Vol. 8: 101-104, 2013

scholarly journals Toxicological evaluation of the plant products using Brine Shrimp (Artemia salina L.) model

2014 ◽  
Vol 60 (01) ◽  
pp. 9-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mentor R. Hamidi ◽  
Blagica Jovanova ◽  
Tatjana Kadifkova Panovska
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Herbal Extract ◽  
Predictive Tool ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Plant Products ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay ◽  
Starting Point

Many natural products could serve as the starting point in the development of modern medicines because of their numerous biological and pharmacological activities. However, some of them are known to carry toxicological properties as well. In order to achieve a safe treatment with plant products, numerous research studies have recently been focused on both pharmacology and toxicity of medicinal plants. Moreover, these studies employed efforts for alternative biological assays. Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay is the most convenient system for monitoring biological activities of various plant species. This method is very useful for preliminary assessment of toxicity of the plant extracts. Rapidness, simplicity and low requirements are several advantages of this assay. However, several conditions need to be completed, especially in the means of standardized experimental conditions (temperature, pH of the medium, salinity, aeration and light). The toxicity of herbal extracts using this assay has been determined in a concentration range of 10, 100 and 1000 µg/ml of the examined herbal extract. Most toxicity studies which use the Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay determine the toxicity after 24 hours of exposure to the tested sample. The median lethal concentration (LC50) of the test samples is obtained by a plot of percentage of the dead shrimps against the logarithm of the sample concentration. LC50 values are estimated using a probit regression analysis and compared with either Meyer’s or Clarkson’s toxicity criteria. Furthermore, the positive correlation between Meyer’s toxicity scale for Artemia salina and Gosselin, Smith and Hodge’s toxicity scale for higher animal models confirmed that the Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay is an excellent predictive tool for the toxic potential of plant extracts in humans.

scholarly journals Chemical Constituents of Dendrobium venustum and their Antimalarial and Anti-herpetic Properties

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1400900 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prapapun Sukphan ◽  
Boonchoo Sritularak ◽  
Wanwimon Mekboonsonglarp ◽  
Vimolmas Lipipun ◽  
Kittisak Likhitwitayawuid
Keyword(s):  
High Selectivity ◽  
Antimalarial Activity ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Selectivity Index ◽  
Moderate Activity ◽  
Meoh Extract ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Weak Activity ◽  
Simplex Virus

A MeOH extract from the whole plant Dendrobium venustum exhibited significant antimalarial and anti-herpetic activities. Bioassay-guided isolation of the plant extract resulted in the isolation of seven known phenolic compounds. Densiflorol B (3) and phoyunnanin E (6) showed the strongest antimalarial activity and a high selectivity index, whereas gigantol (2), batatasin III (5) and phoyunnanin C (7) exhibited moderate activity. Compounds 2 and 5 also showed weak activity against the Herpes simplex virus. This study is the first report on the chemical and biological activities of D. venustum.

scholarly journals In Vitro Anticancer MCF-7, Anti-Inflammatory, and Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay (BSLA) and GC-MS Analysis of Whole Plant Butanol Fraction of Rheum ribes (WBFRR)

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jahangir Khan Achakzai ◽  
Muhammad Anwar Panezai ◽  
Muhammad Ayub Kakar ◽  
Abdul Manan Kakar ◽  
Shahabuddin Kakar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Aqueous Fraction ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Butanol Fraction ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Mcf 7

In this study, GC-MS analysis has shown that whole plant butanol fraction of rheum ribes (WBFRR) comprises of 21 compounds which exhibited anticancer (MCF-7) activity having IC50 value of 36.01± 0.26. MTT assay (MCF-7), Oxidative Burst assay using chemiluminescence technique, and B-Hatching techniques were the methods used for anticancer MCF-7, anti-inflammatory, and Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay (BSLA). GC-MS was used for structural elucidation. Whole plant methanol extract of rheum ribes (WMERR), whole plant n-hexane fraction of rheum ribes (WHFRR), and whole plant aqueous fraction of rheum ribes (WAFRR) were inactive against anticancer (MCF-7) cell line. Whole plant methanol extract of rheum ribes (WMERR), whole plant aqueous fraction of rheum ribes (WAFRR) and whole plant butanol fraction of rheum ribes (WBFRR) showed anti-inflammatory activity on ROS having IC50 value of 23.2±1.9, 24.2±2.7 and 12.0±0.6. Whole plant butanol fraction of rheum ribes (WBFRR) showed Brine Shrimp Lethality with LD50 693.302 while whole plant methanol extract of rheum ribes (WMERR) and whole plant aqueous fraction of rheum ribes (WAFRR) showed high lethality at highest concentration. This study revealed that whole plant butanol fraction of rheum ribes (WBFRR) exhibited significant anticancer (MCF-7) activity. In the near future, the constituent of whole plant butanol fraction of rheum ribes (WBFRR) can be the alternative drug against MCF-7 cell line with least toxicity and side effects.

scholarly journals Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Potential of Two Steroids from the Indonesian Soft Coral Sinularia polydactila

2021 ◽  
Vol In Press (In Press) ◽  
Author(s):  
Masteria Yunovilsa Putra ◽  
Firmansyah Karim ◽  
Aji Nugroho
Keyword(s):  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Soft Coral ◽  
Human Colon ◽  
2D Nmr ◽  
Moderate Activity ◽  
Human Colon Cancer ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay ◽  
Hct 116

Background: Soft corals of the genus Sinularia are well recognized as a rich source of steroidal compounds. These constituents, mainly steroids, have been reported as possessing antitumor, antimicrobial, and antiviral activities. Objectives: This study was designed to isolate and elucidate antibacterial and cytotoxic compounds from the soft coral Sinularia polydactila. Methods: Structure elucidation of steroids was determined based on spectroscopic data through 1D and 2D NMR analyses and mass spectrometry, with the results compared to data in the literature. Antibacterial activity was determined using four human bacterial pathogens, namely B. subtilis (ATCC 6633), P. aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), S. aureus (ATCC 25923), and E. coli (ATCC 25922). Cytotoxic activity was evaluated using the human colon cancer cell HCT 116 and brine shrimp lethality assay (BSLA). Results: Two steroids (Compounds 1 - 2) were isolated from the Indonesian soft coral Sinularia polydactila. (22R,23R,24R)-22,23-methylene-24-methylcholest-6-en-5α,8α-epidioxy-3β-ol (1) and 5α,8α-Epidioxy-24(R)-methylcholesta-6,22-dien-3α-ol (2) showed moderate activity against colon carcinoma cancer HCT 116 at the concentrations of 24.8 and 27.3 μg/mL, respectively. Furthermore, compounds 1 and 2 showed cytotoxic activity using the brine shrimp lethality assay with the concentrations of 57.1 and 121.3 3 μg/mL, respectively. Compound 2 showed moderate activity against S. aureus and B. subtilis at the 250 μg/mL concentration. Conclusions: Two steroids isolated from soft coral Sinularia polydactila were found to possess moderate cytotoxic and antibacterial activities.

scholarly journals In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory, Anticancer (MCF-7, 3T3, and HeLa Cell Lines), and Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay and FTIR Analysis of the Extract and Fractions of the Whole Plant of Heliotropium europaeum

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Jahangir Khan Achakzai ◽  
Muhammad Anwar Panezai ◽  
Basira Akhtar ◽  
Shahabuddin Kakar ◽  
Ali Akbar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Ftir Analysis ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Ftir Studies ◽  
Whole Plant ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay ◽  
Hela Cell Lines ◽  
Heliotropium Europaeum ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Mcf 7

In this study, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, brine shrimp lethality, and FTIR studies were evaluated. The oxidative burst assay using the chemiluminescence technique, MTT assay, brine shrimp lethality assay, and FTIR analysis were the methods used for the evaluation of anti-inflammatory, anticancer, brine shrimp lethality, and FTIR studies, respectively. The whole-plant butanol fraction of Heliotropium europaeum (WBFHE) showed anti-inflammatory activity on ROS having IC5014.7±2.5 while the extract and other fractions of the whole plant of Heliotropium europaeum exhibited no anti-inflammatory activity. None of the extract and fractions of the whole plant of Heliotropium europaeum exhibited anticancer (MCF-7, 3T3, and HeLa cell lines) activities. The whole-plant aqueous fraction of Heliotropium europaeum (WAFHE) and whole-plant butanol fraction of Heliotropium europaeum (WBFHE) showed lethality at high concentration while at low concentration, no toxicity was shown. The whole-plant methanolic extract of Heliotropium europaeum (WMEHE) and whole-plant n-hexane fraction of Heliotropium europaeum (WHFHE) exhibited no toxicity. FTIR interpretation showed the functional groups for the aromatic compounds, phenols, carboxylic acids, esters, alkanes, alkenes, alcohols, alkyl halides, sulfate esters, phosphines, silanes, nitriles, thiols, amines, phosphoric acids, and nitro compounds.

scholarly journals Bioactive Potentials of Cleome viscosa L. Extracts: Dose-mortality, Insect Repellency and Brine Shrimp Lethality

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 375-382
Author(s):  
S. A. Rimi ◽  
S. Hossain ◽  
S. Islam ◽  
Z. Islam ◽  
S. B. Chhabi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Ether ◽  
Tribolium Castaneum ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Callosobruchus Chinensis ◽  
Cytotoxicity Test ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Chcl3 Extract ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
Cleome Viscosa

Petroleum ether (Pet. ether), chloroform (CHCl3) and methanol (CH3OH) extracts of Cleome viscosa have thoroughly screened against Tribolium castaneum (Hbst.) for repellency and dose mortality, against Callosobruchus chinensis for dose mortality activities, and against Artemia salina nauplii for lethality. In case of repellency of T. castaneum, Pet. ether extract found significantly active at 1% level of significance (P < 0.01), CHCl3 extract offered activity at 5% level of significance (P < 0.05) and CH3OH extract did not show any activity at all. In case of mortality against T. castaneum  the LD50 values of Pet. ether, CHCl3, and CH3OH extracts were 2.380, 2.188, 1.867, 1.658 and 1.429 mg/cm2; 4.950, 2.906, 2.664, 2.658 and 2.609 mg/cm2; and 4.950 and 2.791, 2.609, 2.552 and 2.474 mg/cm2 after 0.5, 6, 12, 18 and 24 h of exposure respectively.  Against C. chinensis the LD50 values of the same extracts were 0.781, 0.670, 0.642, 0.614, 0.560 and 0.494 mg/cm2; 1.964, 1.050, 0.867, 0.725, 0.635 and 0.590 mg/cm2; and 2.631, 1.851, 1.471, 1.703, 1.524 and 1.457 mg/cm2 after  6, 12, 18, 24, 30 and 36 h of exposure respectively. In case of cytotoxicity test against A. salina, the extracts offered LC50 values in a descending order CH3OH > CHCl3 > Pet. ether extracts.

scholarly journals ACTIVE PHENOLIC CONSTITUENTS AND BRINE SHRIMP LETHALITY ASSAY OF HYDROALCOHOLIC EXTRACT OF Plectranthus amboinicus

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 186
Author(s):  
Dayana Janakiraman ◽  
Parameswari Somasundaram
Keyword(s):  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Acute Oral Toxicity ◽  
Oral Toxicity ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay ◽  
Phenolic Constituents ◽  
Plectranthus Amboinicus

Objective: Plectranthus amboinicus, (PA) leaves contain pharmaceutically important phyto constituents that attribute to greater medicinal values. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the active principles present in the potent Hydroalcoholic extract of P.amboinicus and brine shrimp lethality studies to understand the toxicity profile of PA.Methods: An approach towards High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) screening of Hydroalcoholic extract of P.amboinicus and selective partitioning using various solvents such as Hexane, chloroform, ethylacetate and butanol were performed to identify the active principles present. Acute oral toxicity or brine shrimp lethality studies on Artemia salina L. using active fraction of PA were also attempted.Results: The HPLC profile of ethylacetate fraction of Hydroalcoholic extract showed flavonoids such as Rutin, quercetin, luteolin and gallic acid, which was found to be considerably different from Hydroalcoholic extract and this fraction also showed good acute oral toxicity effect and the LC50 value obtained was 198.630µg/ml.Conclusion: These results attribute to the pharmacological importance of the plant. Selective Isolation of individual phytochemical constituents and subjecting it to biological testing will definitely give promising results for medicinal field.

scholarly journals Potentiation of Synedrella nodiflora L. For Insecticidal Activity, Insect Repellency and Brine Shrimp Lethality in the Laboratory Conditions

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 79-82
Author(s):  
Moniruzzaman Mohammad Abdullah ◽  
Nurul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Insecticidal Activity ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Petroleum Ether Extract ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Laboratory Conditions ◽  
Chcl3 Extract ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay ◽  
Synedrella Nodiflora

The insecticidal activity, insect repellency and brine shrimp lethality tests of three solvent extracts of Synedrella nodiflora L. were assessed against the adults of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) under laboratory conditions. The methanol extract found most effective (LD50 1.229, 0.823 and 0.569mg cm-2 for 24, 36 and 48h of exposure respectively) followed by the chloroform extract (LD50 3.042, 2.773, 2.456 and 2.233mg cm-2 for 12, 24, 36 and 48h of exposure respectively) and petroleum ether extract (LD50 8.416, 4.764, 3.677, 3.392 and 3.177mg cm-2 for 12, 24, 36, 48 and 60h exposure respectively). The CHCl3 and MeOH extracts showed repellent activity against T. castaneum adults at P<0.05 and P<0.01 levels of significance, while the Pet. E. extract did not show any repellency. The similar extracts responded through brine shrimp lethality assay and the Pet. E. extract found most effective (LC50 321.182, 248.151, 182.196 and 140.866ppm) followed by the MeOH extract (LC50 428.356, 72.401, 68.397 and 22.161ppm for 12, 18, 24 and 30h of exposure respectively) and the CHCl3 extract (LC50 669.875, 416.605, 288.226 and 248.325ppm). The results show the potential of using the S. nodiflora extracts for T. castaneum suppression. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jles.v7i0.20125 J. Life Earth Sci., Vol. 7: 79-82, 2012

Artemia species: An Important Tool to Screen General Toxicity Samples

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (24) ◽  
pp. 2892-2908 ◽  
Author(s):  
Epole Ntungwe N ◽  
Eva M. Domínguez-Martín ◽  
Amilcar Roberto ◽  
Joana Tavares ◽  
Vera M. S. Isca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Toxicity Assay ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Bioactive Natural Products ◽  
Therapeutic Drugs ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay

Medicinal plants are a good source of novel therapeutic drugs, due to the phytochemicals present. Artemia, commonly known as brine shrimp, is a tiny halophilic invertebrate belonging to class Crustacean, which plays an important role in saline aquatic and marine eco-systems. Besides its usage in aquaculture, it is also highly valued for its application in toxicity detection and it is used in areas such as Ecology, Physiology, Ecotoxicology, Aquaculture and Genetics. Furthermore, Artemia based lethality assay (brine shrimp lethality assay, BSLA) is rapid, convenient and low cost. Presently, brine shrimp lethality assays are enormously employed in research and applied toxicology. It has been used in the study of natural products as a preliminary toxicity assay to screen a large number of extracts and compounds for drug discovery in medicinal plants. The aim of this review paper is to collect, organize, select and discuss the existing knowledge about the different uses of Artemia salina as a bench-top bioassay for the discovery and purification of bioactive natural products.

BRINE SHRIMP LETHALITY ASSAY AND LARVICIDAL ACTIVITY OF N-HEPTADECYL-N-(8-OCTA-1, 3-DIENE-6-YNYL)AMINE (C25H44N) ISOLATED FROM COMBRETUM MOLLE R.

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-172
Author(s):  
Abdu Zakari ◽  
Adoum Umar Al-Mubarak ◽  
Sani Aliyu
Keyword(s):  
Larvicidal Activity ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Artemia Salina ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality ◽  
Lc50 Value ◽  
Disease Vector ◽  
Activity Test ◽  
Combretum Molle ◽  
Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay

The extracts of leaves of Combretum molle were tested against the larvae of Artemia salina, i.e. Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BST) and Culexquinquefasciatus Say (filaria disease vector) i.e. Larvicidal Test, using crude ethanol, n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol extracts. The methanolic extract proved to be the most effective in inducing complete lethality at minimum doses both in the BST and the Larvicidal activity test. The LC50­ values obtained are 24.85 µg/ml and 0.4µg/ml respectively. The Bioactivity result was used to guide the column chromatography which afforded the pure compound ACM 2 which was not active in the BST with LC50 value of 1259 µg/ml but was active in the Larvicidal activity test with LC50 value 15.14 µg/ml.  ACM 2 was proposed to be N-heptadecyl-N-(8-octa-1, 3-diene-6-ynyl)amine (C25H44N).

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