scholarly journals Legal Aspects of Environment in Indonesia: an Efforts to Prevent Environmental Damage and Pollution

Author(s):  
Arifin Maruf

Pollution and destruction of the environment are some of the severe threats to the conservation of the environment in Indonesia. The disturbed environmental balance needs to be restored as the giver of life and welfare benefits society by improving environmental protection, community development, and optimization of environmental law enforcement. It aims to maintain the existence of nature and aimed at solving environmental problems in Indonesia, primarily the caused by human activity. this case could be through civil, administrative, or criminal law so that it can cope with and take action against perpetrators of pollution, and the destruction of the environment and create a good environment, healthy, beautiful and comfortable for all people. Keywords: Environmental Law; Environmental Damage; Indonesia.

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
Arifin Ma'ruf

AbstractIn Article 33 paragraph (3) of the 1945 Constitution which states that: 'earth and water and natural resources contained therein is controlled by the State and used for the greatest prosperity of the people ". The provision is further stipulated in Law No. 23 of 2009 on the Protection and Environmental Management, in the provisions of Article 57 paragraph (1) regulates the procedure for the maintenance of the environment, namely: "Maintenance of the environment is done through the efforts of: a. conservation of natural resources; b. reserves of natural resources; and / or c. conservation atmosphere. "But in fact the implementation of the article can not be implemented to the fullest. The use of earth and water and natural resources for the prosperity of the people in Indonesia has not run well, this is caused by the rampant environmental pollution rife Indonesia, water pollution, air pollution and soil contamination. Pollution and destruction of the environment is one of the serious threat to the conservation of the environment in Indonesia. Disturbed environmental balance needs to be restored function as the giver of life and welfare benefits society by improving environmental protection, community development and optimization of environmental law enforcement, it aims to maintain the existence of nature and aimed at solving environmental problems in Indonesia, especially the caused by human activity. in this case could penegakanya through civil, administrative or criminal law, so that it can cope with and take action against perpetrators of pollution, and the destruction of the environment and create a good environment, healthy, beautiful and comfortable for all people.AbstrakDalam Pasal 33 ayat (3) UUD 1945 yang menyatakan bahwa: “bumi dan air dan kekayaan alam yang terkandung didalamnya dikuasai Negara dan dipergunakan sebesar-besarnya untuk kemakmuran rakyat”. Ketentuan tersebut diatur lebih lanjut didalam UU No. 23 Tahun 2009 Tentang Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup, di dalam ketentuan Pasal 57 ayat (1) diatur mengenai tata cara pemeliharaan lingkungan hidup yaitu:“Pemeliharaan lingkungan hidup dilakukan melalui upaya: a. konservasi sumber daya alam; b. pencadangan sumber daya alam; dan/atau c. pelestarian fungsi atmosfer.”   Namun pada kenyataanya pelaksanaan dari pasal tersebut belum bisa dilaksanakan secara maksimal. Penggunaan bumi dan air dan kekayaan alam untuk kemakmuran rakyat di Indonesia belum berjalan secara baik, hal ini diakibatkan oleh semakin maraknya pencemaran lingkungan yang marak terjadi Indonesia, baik pencemaran air, pencemaran udara maupun pencemaran tanah. Pencemaran dan perusakan lingkungan hidup merupakan salah satu ancaman yang serius bagi kelestarian lingkungan hidup di Indonesia. Lingkungan hidup yang terganggu keseimbangannya perlu dikembalikan fungsinya sebagai pemberi kehidupan dan pemberi manfaat bagi kesejahteraan masyarakat dengan cara meningkatkan perlindungan lingkungan hidup, pembinaan masyarakat dan optimalisasi penegakan hukum lingkungan, hal ini bertujuan untuk menjaga eksistensi alam dan bertujuan untuk menyelesaikan masalah lingkungan hidup di Indonesia khususnya yang disebabkan oleh ulah manusia. dalam hal ini penegakanya bisa melalui jalur hukum perdata, administrasi maupun hukum pidana, sehingga dapat menanggulangi serta menindak pelaku pencemaran, dan pengrusakan lingkungan dan tercipta lingkungan yang baik, sehat, indah dan nyaman bagi seluruh rakyat.


2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Lucas Prabowo

Efforts to meet the economic needs of humans has resulted in severe damage to the ecosystem. Being aware that there is damage to natural resources and ecosystem are getting worse, various efforts underway to hold international conventions in the field of environmental protection has resulted in agreements, both of which are binding (hard law) and non-binding (soft law). Participating countries adopted the convention rules agrred up on into their legaislation, and even to strengthen the protection and enforcement of laws relating to environmental protection and the right to a good environment for the present dan future generations, environmental norms are then contained in the constitution including the Indonesian constitution, namely the post-UUD 1945 amandement. Keywords: environmental damage, international environmental law damage, intergerational equity, sustainable development, and constitution.


1970 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-218
Author(s):  
Yonani Hasyim ◽  
Serlika Aprita

Law enforcement is the process of enforcing or trying to implement legal norms as guides for traffic or legal relations in social and state life. In the environmental law enforcement system in Indonesia, there are three legal aspects described in the Environmental Protection and Management Act (UUPPLH), namely administrative law, civil law, and criminal law aspects. Where each aspect's law enforcement and law enforcement processes are distinct. The research method used was normative legal research. One component of environmental law enforcement is the use of civil law in environmental management. In the Environmental Protection and Management Act (UUPPLH) the process of enforcing environmental law through civil procedures is regulated in Chapter XIII Articles 84 to 93. In order to provide legal clarity in law enforcement, efforts are being made to solve environmental problems that emerge in Indonesia. Environmental law enforcement is an endeavor to ensure that regulations and requirements in general and specific legal provisions are followed and implemented through administrative, civil, and criminal supervision and enforcement. With the adoption of the first environmental rules, namely Law Number 4 of 1982 Concerning Basic Provisions for Environmental Management (UUKPPLH), government policy frameworks in implementing environmental law were actualized. Then, it was later replaced by Law Number 23 of 1997 concerning Environmental Management (UUPLH), which was subsequently replaced by Law Number 32 of 2009 concerning Environmental Protection and Management (UUPPLH) (Tude Trisnajaya, 2013: 2). The research method used in this study was normative juridical research, which means it was done with an eye on the laws, rules, and court decisions that were relevant to the topic. Keywords: Law Enforcement, Environment, Legal Norms, Dispute Resolution.


2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Imam Budi Santoso ◽  
Taun Taun

The enforcement of environmental law in Indonesia today is growing , environmental laws and regulations are continuously equipped for sustainable development. But, enforcement of environmental law is still not as expected, in environmental law enforcement there are several ways of settlement that must be taken, administratively, alternatives dispute resolution and criminal law, but in criminal law enforcement regulated in Article 100 paragraph (2) of Law Number 32 Year 2009 on Environmental Protection and Management, criminal acts can only be applied if the administrative sanction is not complied with or violation is more than one time, then in explanation point 6 of Law Number 32 Year 2009 on Environmental Protection and Management, enforcement of environmental criminal law should pay attention to the principle of ultimum remedium which requires the application of criminal law enforcement as a last resort after the implementation of administrative law enforcement is deemed unsuccessful, and the application of the ultimum remedium principle applies only to certain offensive crimes, namely the prosecution of violations of waste water quality standards, emissions, and disturbances. However, if it is related to the legality principle contained in Article 1 paragraph (1) of the Criminal Code and the basis of criminal abrogation, the ultimum remedium principle is contradictory, criminal law should continue based on the principle of legality and stopped by the ultimum remedium principle on the basis of criminal sanction, whereas the basis of criminal abrogation has been clearly defined in the Criminal Code.


2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 154
Author(s):  
Mahfud Mahfud

The UK has incorporated the strict liability principle in dealing with the environmental offence in its legislations. However, the principle application has some detrimental impacts. This article aims to discuss strict liability crimes in the UK’s environmental legislations and civil penalties in the UK, the detrimental effects of applying its principle and the reasons for supplementing criminal penalties for environmental offences with civil penalties. This will be done through the adoption of a doctrinal legal research method. The incorporation of strict liability principle in the UK’s legislations can be found in the Environmental Protection Act 1990, the Water Resources Act 1991, Part 2A of the Environmental Protection Act 1990 and the Environmental Permitting (England and Wales) Regulations 2010 (SI 2010 No. 675). The detrimental effects of the principle application are the ignorance of mens rea element, unfair trial, ineffective environmental damage prevention, and contradictory to release right. The reasons for applying civil penalties of criminal law violation in regard with violating environmental law are this punishment is possible to be imposed on companies, it strengthens another kind of non-criminal sentence sanction, it is a peaceful solution, a polluter may manage by himself to repair the damage, it has no stigma on the polluter and it has wider law enforcement form. There is a dearth of literature looking at the latest UK’s legislation incorporating strict liability principle application. This article will fill this literature gap. 


2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Imam Budi Santoso ◽  
Taun Taun

The enforcement of environmental law in Indonesia today is growing , environmental laws and regulations are continuously equipped for sustainable development. But, enforcement of environmental law is still not as expected, in environmental law enforcement there are several ways of settlement that must be taken, administratively, alternatives dispute resolution and criminal law, but in criminal law enforcement regulated in Article 100 paragraph (2) of Law Number 32 Year 2009 on Environmental Protection and Management, criminal acts can only be applied if the administrative sanction is not complied with or violation is more than one time, then in explanation point 6 of Law Number 32 Year 2009 on Environmental Protection and Management, enforcement of environmental criminal law should pay attention to the principle of ultimum remedium which requires the application of criminal law enforcement as a last resort after the implementation of administrative law enforcement is deemed unsuccessful, and the application of the ultimum remedium principle applies only to certain offensive crimes, namely the prosecution of violations of waste water quality standards, emissions, and disturbances. However, if it is related to the legality principle contained in Article 1 paragraph (1) of the Criminal Code and the basis of criminal abrogation, the ultimum remedium principle is contradictory, criminal law should continue based on the principle of legality and stopped by the ultimum remedium principle on the basis of criminal sanction, whereas the basis of criminal abrogation has been clearly defined in the Criminal Code.


2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Rayhan Dudayev

AbstrakUpaya penegakan hukum yang tegas merupakan salah satu cara untuk menjaga kelestarian lingkungan. Instrumen hukum lingkungan dibuat dan ditegakkan untuk mencegah terjadinya kerusakan lingkungan. Namun pada pelaksanaannya, penegakan hukum lingkungan tidak senada dengan konsep pembangunan berkelanjutan. Penegakan hukum lingkungan seolah hanya tajam ke bawah namun tumpul ke atas. Dalam tulisan ini, akan dibahas mengenai penegakan hukum lingkungan di sektor maritim dalam dua kasus yang berbeda, berkaitan dengan pelanggaran Undang-Undang Konservasi Nomor 5 Tahun 1990 Tentang Koservasi Sumber Daya Alam dan Ekosistemnya. Perbedaan sebab akibat dalam kasus yang berbeda tidak membuat hukum memperlakukan kedua kasus tersebut secara berbeda karena adanya asas kesamaan (equality before the law) dalam hukum. Tulisan ini akan memaparkan penegakan hukum, terutama hukum pidana, ditinjau dengan perspektif pembangunan berkelanjutan pada kasus nelayan dan kasus illegal fishing yang melibatkan korporasi. Berangkat dari perspektif tersebut, tulisan ini mencoba menganalisis alasan pentingnya tindakan afirmatif bagi penegakan hukum di masing-masing kasus. AbstractOne of the means to protect the environment is to firmly enforce the environmental law. Environmental legal instruments are made and enforced in order to prevent environmental damage. However, environmental law enforcement in practice is not always consistent with the concept of sustainable development. Environmental enforcement is sharper to the poor people, but dull to big corporations. This article attempts to discuss the enforcement of environmental law in the maritime sector in two different cases, with regard to the violation of Law no. 5 of 1990 regarding Conservation. Despite the different causation and magnitude of impacts, the law treats those cases equally due to the equality before the law principle. This article also elaborates the law enforcement, especially criminal law, with the perspective of sustainable development in the case of involving fishermen and the illegal fishing case involving a corporation. From this perspective, this paper analyzes the importance affirmative action for the law enforcement in each case.


2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-10
Author(s):  
Lusia Indrastuti ◽  
Budi Prasetyo

Utilization of natural resources through environmental empowerment is an intention to improve public welfare through the Pancasila philosophy. The occurrence of floods that have occurred at this time both the Jabodetabek area and other regions illustrate the preservation of the environment not running well. For this reason, efforts and strategies need to be made to anticipate disasters that will occur in the future. In accordance with the foundation of the Pancasila state that has been engraved in the life of the nation and state of Indonesia, the role of the Pancasila for environmental protection needs to be put forward. This article aims to prevent the dominance of law enforcement in the field of environment but the role of the Pancasila perspective as a way of life and state ideology must be put forward. Pancasila is a guideline for maintaining and developing community welfare through a harmonious, balanced environment in order to improve the ongoing development at this time. This research uses a normative approach to library research, by conducting a study of the nation's life view of Pancasila and analyzing the applicable legal provisions, specifically in the field of environmental law. The results of this study are to put forward the Pancasila perspective approach in managing the environment in order to develop patterns of harmony, harmony and balance both in meeting physical and spiritual needs. The conclusion of this article is that environmental management has not been carried out in the perspective of the Pancasila perspective, so that the practice of Pancasila values has not been carried out consistently in developing environmental aspects.


2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 547-560
Author(s):  
Wahyu Risaldi ◽  
Mujibussalim Mujibussalim ◽  
M. Gaussyah

Penelitian ini ingin mengetahui kesesuaian penerapan asas asas in dubio pro natura dalam putusan perkara lingkungan hidup, dan kemungkinan penerapan asas in dubio pro natura perkara pidana lingkungan hidup. Penerapan asas ini penting karena kerusakan lingkungan hidup akan mengancam umat manusia, sehingga penegakan hukum lingkungan harus dilakukan penegak hukum. Melalui Undang-Undang Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup, dikenal sistem penegakan melalui suatu asas yang diterapkan oleh hakim, yakni asas in dubio pro natura dan asas in dubio pro reo. Dengan menggunakan metode penelitian normatif, ditemukan bahwa penerapan asas in dubio pro natura dan in dubio pro reo sesuai dengan tujuan Undang-Undang Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup. Di samping itu, asas in dubio pro natura bisa juga diterapkan dalam perkara pidana. Penerapan asas ini efektif dalam penyelesaikan perkara lingkungan hidup. Implementation of the In Dubio Pro Natura and In Dubio Pro Reo Principles by the Environmental Judges This study aims to find out the suitability application of in dubio pro natura principles in environmental case decisions, and also the possibility of applying it’s principle in environmental crimes. The implementation of this principle is important because environmental damage will threaten humanity, so the enforcement of environmental law must be carried out by law enforcers. Through Environmental Protection and Management Law, it is known as a system of enforcement through principles applied by judges, that are the in dubio pro natura and the in dubio pro reo principles. This is normative research, it was found that the implementation of the in dubio pro natura and in dubio pro reo principles was in accordance with the objectives of the Environmental Protection and Management Law. In addition, the in dubio pro natura principle can also be applied in criminal cases. The implementation of this principle is effective in resolving environmental cases.


2021 ◽  
pp. 127
Author(s):  
Viktor N. Borkov

The article examines the criminal-legal aspects of the actual problem of protecting the inviolability of the individual from the unacceptable activity of state representatives in the exercise of law enforcement functions. Topical issues for theory and practice of the legal nature of the provocation of crime and the falsification of criminals remain debatable. There are no unified approaches to the qualification of provocative and inflammatory actions and cases of "throwing" objects to citizens, for the turnover of which criminal responsibility arises, there is no theoretical justification for the criminal legal status of persons provoked to commit a crime. The article shows that the qualification of common cases of provocation of crimes and falsification of criminals according to the norms providing for liability for abuse of official authority, falsification of evidence or the results of operational investigative activities should be recognized as not accurate. At the same time, responsibility for these actions committed by subjects who are not officials, and without the participation of the latter, has not been established at all. The author proposes a draft criminal law provision providing for liability for inducing to commit a crime or its staging in order to illegally create grounds for criminal prosecution. The paper questions the approach according to which a person provoked by law enforcement officers to commit a crime is not subject to criminal liability regardless of the specifics of the encroachment.


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