scholarly journals In Vitro Fermentation Characteristics and Rumen Microbial Population of Diet Supplemented with Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Rumen Microbe Probiotics

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Riyanti ◽  
Suryahadi Suryahadi ◽  
D. Evvyernie
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Microbial Population ◽  
In Vitro Fermentation ◽  
Rumen Microbe

Dose–response effects of essential oils on in vitro fermentation activity of the rumen microbial population

2008 ◽  
Vol 145 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 335-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Macheboeuf ◽  
D.P. Morgavi ◽  
Y. Papon ◽  
J.-L. Mousset ◽  
M. Arturo-Schaan
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oils ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Microbial Population ◽  
In Vitro Fermentation

scholarly journals Reformulation of dairy cow diets based on rumen degradable protein and total digestible nutrient with varying levels on in vitro fermentability and digestibility

2021 ◽  
Vol 888 (1) ◽  
pp. 012075
Author(s):  
W P Sahroni ◽  
I G Permana ◽  
Despal
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Growth ◽  
Microbial Population ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Optimal Level ◽  
Rumen Microbe ◽  
Rumen Undegradable Protein ◽  
High Level ◽  
Total Digestible Nutrient ◽  
Degradable Protein

Abstract Rumen degradable protein (RDP) needs to be balanced with the adequacy of rumen undegradable protein (RUP) and energy for optimal microbial growth. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the optimal level of the RDP:RUP ratio and the energy level of dairy cattle rations using the in vitro method. The rumen inoculum used to carry out this research, was obtained from two bull rumen fistulated of Friesian Holstein. The treatments consisted of 3 levels of RDP:RUP ratio, namely 50:50, 55:45 and 60:40, while the energy levels consisted of total digestible nutrient (TDN) levels of 65.6% and 68.6%. The experimental design was a factorial randomized block, while data were analyzed using ANOVA and Duncan multi range’s test. The result showed the ratio of RDP:RUP had an effect on DMD, OMD, NH3, and rumen microbe. Furthermore, the higher TDN content increased significantly DMD, OMD, total VFA, and partial VFA. The increase in the microbial population was associated with a rise in total VFA and NH3 concentrations. This research concluded, the rations with RDP:RUP (60:40) ratio increased the population of bacteria and protozoa, while the availability of ammonia in the rumen, and the high level of TDN provided a higher supply of VFA, DMD, and OMD.

scholarly journals Improvement of nutritive value of cassava pulp and in vitro fermentation and microbial population by urea and molasses supplementation

2017 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 242-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thitima Norrapoke ◽  
Metha Wanapat ◽  
Anusorn Cherdthong ◽  
Sungchhang Kang ◽  
Kampanat Phesatcha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Microbial Population ◽  
In Vitro Fermentation ◽  
Cassava Pulp

scholarly journals Effects of inactivated and live cells of Saccharomyces cerevisiae on in vitro ruminal fermentation of diets with different forage:concentrate ratio

2011 ◽  
Vol 150 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-283 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. OPSI ◽  
R. FORTINA ◽  
S. TASSONE ◽  
R. BODAS ◽  
S. LÓPEZ
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Microbial Population ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
High Fibre Diet ◽  
Fibre Diet ◽  
High Fibre

SUMMARYThe effects of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, either inactivated (by osmotic pressure, designated IY) or provided as a culture containing live yeast cells (YC), on ruminal fermentation of two different diets were investigated in vitro. Total mixed rations (TMR) having forage:concentrate ratios of 0·6:0·4 (medium–high forage diet) and 0·2:0·8 (low-forage diet) were incubated in batch cultures of mixed ruminal micro-organisms to which either IY (to reach concentrations of 500 and 250 mg product/l incubation medium) or YC (at a concentration of 150 mg product/l) were added directly as powder. To evaluate the effects of the additive on ruminal microbial population, sheep used as donors of rumen fluid were allocated to three experimental groups: Control (no additive), IY and YC, that received a diet with the corresponding additive for 10 days. With both diets, YC decreased ruminal pH compared to control, whereas IY had no effect. Adding yeast products to the high-fibre diet affected total volatile fatty acid (VFA) production and VFA composition, in general with a slight increase in IY and a significantly greater increase in response to the addition of YC. Ammonia nitrogen (P=0·006), total gas production (P<0·001) and in vitro dry matter disappearance (IVD) (P<0·001) showed the highest values with YC. Methane production was higher than the control when the IY inoculum was used, and increased even more with the YC inoculum (P<0·001). With the high-concentrate TMR, no effects on total VFA concentration were observed when yeast additives were used. Similar trends were shown for lactate and methane production and total gas production, where values tended to be higher when using the YC inoculum (P values of 0·055, <0·001, 0·006 and <0·001, respectively). After 144 h of incubation, differences were observed only with the high-fibre diet in the cumulative gas production at 24 h of incubation and in the average fermentation rate, which was greater with YC, although the asymptotic gas production was not affected. These results indicate that live yeasts affect ruminal fermentation slightly more than inactivated yeasts, although both products require a regular administration and some adaptation of the ruminal microbial population for the stimulatory effects to become apparent. The effects of yeasts on ruminal fermentation are diet-dependent, being more noticeable with a high-fibre substrate, and subtle with a high-concentrate diet.

scholarly journals Antibiosis between Ruminal Bacteria and Ruminal Fungi

2000 ◽  
Vol 66 (7) ◽  
pp. 2921-2927 ◽  
Author(s):  
Burk A. Dehority ◽  
Patricia A. Tirabasso
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Population ◽  
Proteolytic Enzymes ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Ruminal Bacteria ◽  
In Vitro Fermentation ◽  
Cellulose Digestion ◽  
Heat Stable ◽  
Fermentation Period ◽  
Bacterial Concentrations

ABSTRACT Cellulose digestion, bacterial numbers, and fungal numbers were monitored over time in vitro by using a purified cellulose medium with and without antibiotics (penicillin and streptomycin). All fermentations were inoculated with a 1:10 dilution of whole rumen contents (WRC). Without antibiotics, cellulose digestion was higher (P < 0.01) at 24, 30, 48, and 72 h; fungi had almost disappeared by 24 h, while bacterial concentrations increased over 100-fold in 24 h and then decreased gradually up to 72 h. In those fermentations with added antibiotics, fungal concentrations increased 4-fold by 30 h and up to 42-fold at 72 h; bacterial concentrations were markedly reduced by 24 h and remained low through 72 h. Similar results were obtained with ground alfalfa as a substrate. In further studies, the in vitro fermentation of purified cellulose without antibiotics was stopped after 18 to 20 h, and the microbial population was killed by autoclaving. Antibiotics were added to half of the tubes, and all tubes were reinoculated with WRC. After 72 h, extensive cellulose digestion had occurred in those tubes without antibiotics, as compared to very low cellulose digestion with added antibiotics. The extent of this inhibition was found to increase in proportion to the length of the initial fermentation period, suggesting the production of a heat-stable inhibitory factor or factors. The inhibitory activity was present in rumen fluid, could be extracted from lyophilized rumen fluid (LRF) with water, and was stable in response to proteolytic enzymes. In addition, the water-extracted residue of LRF was found to contain growth factor activity for rumen fungi in vitro.

Ca-, Mg- és K-sók hatása egyes nehézfémek Saccharomyces cerevisiae törzsekre gyakorolt toxicitására

2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-175
Author(s):  
Nikoletta Tóth ◽  
Hamuda Hosam E. A. F. Bayoumi ◽  
Attila Palágyi ◽  
Mihály Kecskés
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae

Az utóbbi években egyre több tanulmány született a mikroorganizmusok nehézfém akkumulációjáról. A mikroszervezetek nehézfémekkel szembeni tűrőképességére és nehézfém felvételére a bioremediációs hasznosíthatóságuk miatt egyre nagyobb figyelmet fordítanak. A mikroorganizmusok tulajdonságai nagyon jól hasznosíthatóak a talajszennyezés monitorozásánál. A toxikus nehézfémek komoly ökológiai problémát jelentenek környezetünkben, ezért kiemelkedő fontosságú a nehézfémekkel szennyezett talajok tisztítása. In vitro , két S. cerevisiae törzs (NSS5099 és NSS7002) nehézfémekkel szembeni toleranciáját vizsgáltuk. A két törzs szaporodási kinetikáját olyan táptalajon tanulmányoztuk, amelyhez 50 µM koncentrációban adtunk Cu 2+ -, Pb 2+ -, Cd 2+ - vagy Ni 2+ -ionokat. A vizsgált nehézfémek élesztőtörzsekre gyakorolt toxicitása csökkenő sorrendben: Cu 2+ > Pb 2+ > Cd 2+ > Ni 2+ . A 350 µM koncentrációjú Cu 2+ , Pb 2+ vagy Cd 2+ és 450 µM koncentrációjú Ni 2+ 48 órás inkubációt követően 50%-kal csökkentette az élősejtek számát. Amikor a nehézfémek táptalajba történő adagolása előtt 50 mM Ca(HCO 3 ) 2 , 75 mM MgSO 4 , vagy 150 mM K 2 SO 4 -ot adtunk a közeghez csökkent a nehézfémek sejtekre gyakorolt toxicitása, és több sejt maradt életben. A 350 és 450 µM koncentrációban lévő nehézfémek toxicitását a fémsók 40%-kal csökkentették. A kapott eredmények alapján az NSS7002 törzs sokkal alkalmasabbnak bizonyult a nehézfémekkel szennyezett talajok tisztítására, mint az NSS5099._

scholarly journals Preservation of Human Gut Microbiota Inoculums for In Vitro Fermentations Studies

Fermentation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Nelson Mota de Carvalho ◽  
Diana Luazi Oliveira ◽  
Mayra Anton Dib Saleh ◽  
Manuela Pintado ◽  
Ana Raquel Madureira
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Glycerol Solution ◽  
Metabolic Profiles ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Colonic Fermentation ◽  
In Vitro Fermentation ◽  
Fecal Samples

The use of fecal inoculums for in vitro fermentation models requires a viable gut microbiota, capable of fermenting the unabsorbed nutrients. Fresh samples from human donors are used; however, the availability of fresh fecal inoculum and its inherent variability is often a problem. This study aimed to optimize a method of preserving pooled human fecal samples for in vitro fermentation studies. Different conditions and times of storage at −20 °C were tested. In vitro fermentation experiments were carried out for both fresh and frozen inoculums, and the metabolic profile compared. In comparison with the fresh, the inoculum frozen in a PBS and 30% glycerol solution, had a significantly lower (p < 0.05) bacterial count (<1 log CFU/mL). However, no significant differences (p < 0.05) were found between the metabolic profiles after 48 h. Hence, a PBS and 30% glycerol solution can be used to maintain the gut microbiota viability during storage at −20 °C for at least 3 months, without interfering with the normal course of colonic fermentation.

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