Germans and Auxiliaries

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Prusin
Keyword(s):  
Military Commander ◽  
National Salvation ◽  
The Military ◽  
Communication Lines ◽  
The Relationship

Focuses on the role of the native regimes in Serbia - the so-called Council of Commissars and its successor Government of National Salvation – in the context of German rule. To restore communication lines and transport, to reactivate industries, and to collect food supplies, the office of the Military Commander-in-Serbia (MBS) had to to rely on controllable native institutions, which mediated the relationship between the occupiers and the occupied. However, all German offices constantly intervened into the functioning of the collaborationist administration, effectively blunting its potential.

Religion and the Military

2018 ◽  
pp. 535-552
Author(s):  
Leana A. Bouffard ◽  
Haerim Jin
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Criminal Justice Policy ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Period Effects ◽  
Offending Patterns ◽  
Role Of Religion ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter provides an overview of the literature examining the role of religion and military service in the desistance process. It also identifies outstanding issues and directions for future research. It first presents an overview of research examining the role of religion in desistance and highlights measurement issues, potential intervening mechanisms, and a consideration of faith-based programs as criminal justice policy. Next, this chapter covers the relationship between military service and offending patterns, including period effects that explain variation in the relationship, selection effects, and the incorporation of military factors in criminal justice policy and programming. The chapter concludes by highlighting general conclusions from these two bodies of research and questions to be considered in future research.

scholarly journals New Ways in the Cognitive Dimension of Information Operations

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-102
Author(s):  
Zsolt Haig ◽  
Veronika Hajdu
Keyword(s):  
Technological Progress ◽  
Cognitive Dimension ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Special Regard ◽  
Information Operations ◽  
Psychological Operations ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Tools And Methods

Abstract In this paper the authors introduce the cognitive dimension that is becoming more and more important in the field of information operations with special regard to psychological operations (PSYOPS). The strengthening role of influencing skills and technological progress has created new avenues and opportunities in the military field. The paper seeks to point out the relationship between marketing and PSYOPS. In connection with this, the study intends to present a new approach to PSYOPS that can achieve the operational goals which set by the leader by applying guerrilla marketing tools and methods.

scholarly journals Archaeological Evidence of the Relationship of the Cimmerians with the Phrygian and Lydian Kingdoms in the 7th c. B.C.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Г.В. Чочиев
Keyword(s):  
Asia Minor ◽  
Critical Importance ◽  
Political Processes ◽  
Western Asia ◽  
Cast Doubt ◽  
Excavation Work ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Relationship

В статье предпринята попытка обзора результатов раскопочных работ последних десятилетий, связанных с активностью киммерийцев в центральной и за- падной Малой Азии. Несмотря на то, что недавние исследования ставят под сомнение некоторые сообщения античных авторов о роли киммерийцев в военно-политических процессах в регионе в VII в. до н. э., в частности факт захвата и разрушения ими Гордио- на, выявленные к настоящему времени во фригийских и лидийских центрах артефакты в сочетании со следами интенсивного фортификационного строительства указыва- ют на критическую важность кочевнического фактора и серьезность созданной им для местных цивилизаций угрозы в рассматриваемый период. The article attempts to review the results of excavation work of recent decades related to the activity of the Cimmerians in central and western Asia Minor. Despite the fact that recent studies cast doubt on some reports of ancient authors about the role of the Cimmerians in the military and political processes in the region in the 7th c. B.C., particularly the fact of the capture and destruction of Gordion by them, artifacts found to date in the Phrygian and Lydian centers in combination with traces of intensive fortifi cation construction indicate the critical importance of the nomadic factor and the seriousness of the threat it created for local civilizations during the period under review.

Perspectives for change in Tunisia, Egypt and Syria: the military factor and implications of previous authoritarian regimes

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 544-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Battera
Keyword(s):  
Political Party ◽  
Authoritarian Regimes ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
Clear Separation ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
To Come ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Relationship

This article argues that differences in Arab authoritarian regimes were mainly linked to the relationship between the state, the political party in power and the military. By exploring such differences in Tunisia, Egypt and Syria prior to the 2011 crisis, they are explained in the context of the political changes that ensued in the wake of the crisis. How the army played the dual role of instigating change while impeding it at crucial points in the transitional process is described. The mutual lack of autonomy between the state, the party and the military appears to have been a key factor in impeding change, whereas a clear separation of the functions of these institutions was more likely to enable political change to come about.

Patterns of Civilian Control of the Military in East Asia's New Democracies

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurel Croissant ◽  
David Kuehn
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Civilian Control ◽  
National Defense ◽  
Internal Security ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

Successful institutionalization of civilian control of the military is a necessary condition for the consolidation of democracy. This is particularly relevant for East Asia, where the military used to be a key player in the previous authoritarian regimes. This article analyzes the changes, advances, and setbacks in achieving civilian control in five countries that have made the transition from authoritarian to democratic rule: Indonesia, the Philippines, South Korea, Taiwan, and Thailand. The empirical analysis is built on a conception of civilian control that distinguishes three areas of political decisionmaking: political recruitment and overall public policymaking, national defense, and internal security. The study shows that only in Taiwan and South Korea have civilians succeeded in curtailing military influence in politics. In contrast, in Indonesia, the Philippines, and Thailand, the military has shown itself more or less resilient in guarding its prerogatives in the postauthoritarian era. This seriously impedes the democratically elected authorities' effective power to govern in these countries and has led to democratic deterioration in Thailand and the Philippines. The article highlights three arguments to account for the profound difference between the cases: historical legacies of authoritarian rule and the path of democratic transition, the internal security role of the military, and the relationship between development and democratic consolidation.

scholarly journals Peran TNI dalam Pembinaan Teritorial (Studi Kasus di Desa Sungai Ceper, Kecamatan Sungai Menang, Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ilir, Sumatera Selatan)

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-106
Author(s):  
Tri Kusuma Santi
Keyword(s):  
Human Security ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Target Area ◽  
Territorial Development ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Relationship

The title of this research is "The Role of The Indonesian Militer In The Development of The Territorial (Case Study in Sungai Ceper Village, Sungai Menang District, Ogan Komering Ilir District)". TNI in the context of defending territory, assisting the tasks of regional governments based on Law Number 34 of 2004 concerning the TNI in the development of physical or non-physical communities, territorial development, community empowerment in territorial / remote / remote areas and improving the welfare of the community through TNI Manunggal Building Village (TMMD) program. The purpose of this research is to find out how the relationship between military and civilian is formed through the TNI Manunggal Building Village (TMMD) program and the implementation of the TNI Manunggal Building Village activities when viewed from a human security approach. The method used in this study is a qualitative approach with stages, namely interviews, observation, documentation. Meanwhile, the source of this research is primary data sources. Based on the results of the study it can be seen that, physical achievements in the implementation of the TNI Manunggal Building Villages have been carried out based on the target, but there is one thing that makes constraints in achieving these targets. Then, the relationship between the military and civilians was well established because through the TNI Manunggal Building Village program, and the closer cooperation between the TNI and the Government. Then, through this activity the target area community is able to obtain aspects of the human security approach in the form of personal security.

scholarly journals Warfare Ecology Approaches in Issues of Military Operations

Hadmérnök ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-101
Author(s):  
György Leskó
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Human Ecology ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
Military Operation ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
National Defence

The fulfilment of environmental protection requirements and social expectations has become a requirement in the field of military operations as well. Impacts that threaten the ecosystems increasingly occur during the activities of the armed forces and military operations. A recently created new field of science, the ecology of warfare, investigates the military, the support systems for the armed forces and national defence, and their relation to the environment as living systems above the level of the individual (like human ecology). Ecology of warfare examines habitats, the relationship between organisms and the environment in the military field. The capability-based, mission-based, coordinated (target, place and time) ability to use military forces has an impact on the ecology. The analysis of the place and role of military operations from the perspective of the ecology of warfare is an important, timely issue. In the study, the author analyses the tasks required for planning, organising and conducting a military operation and their relationship to environmental protection.

Valéry Giscard d'Estaing and His Relationship with the Army in France

Istoriya ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (5 (103)) ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Alexander Sidorov
Keyword(s):  
Historical Context ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
Charles De Gaulle ◽  
Head Of State ◽  
Military Development ◽  
The Military ◽  
Commander In Chief ◽  
The Relationship

One of the aspects of the activities of France’ President Valéry Giscard d'Estaing is considered — his relationship with the army in a comparative historical context, namely: the context of the relationship between civilian power and the military. The French specificity of these relations, which developed with the coming to power of General Charles de Gaulle in 1958, is shown. The peculiarities of the formed mechanism of military decision-making in France, which resulted from the concentration of powers and legitimacy by the President — Commander-in-chief of the armed forces, are highlighted. The analysis of the reasons for the urgent issues in the army by the beginning of the presidential term of V. Giscard d'Estaing is carried out; the President's measures to strengthen this key republican institution were assessed. Attention is paid to the attempts of V. Giscard d'Estaing to adapt the French policy of nuclear deterrence to the evolution of the geopolitical situation during his time in power, which did not always meet with support in the military environment and in civil society. Two episodes (in Chad and Zaire) were singled out as examples of France's external military operations (OPEX) on the African continent under V. Giscard d'Estaing, where his role as Commander-in-chief was most clearly manifested. The underestimated role of V. Giscard d'Estaing as head of State was noted, including in strengthening the country's defence potential and in creating conditions for the further advancement of military development.

The Geneva Convention of 1906

1907 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 409-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
George B. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Geneva Convention ◽  
Political Activity ◽  
Half Century ◽  
Military Commander ◽  
The Military ◽  
First Time ◽  
Liberal Thought

The members of the congress of Vienna who, for the most part, directed the international politics of Europe for the first half of the nineteenth century, have never been accounted as exponents of liberal thought, or as the advocates of liberal policies. But it must be said in behalf of their narrow and, at times, reactionary statesmanship, that it kept the peace in western Europe during the period intervening between the battle of Waterloo, which terminated the military and political activity of the first Napoleon, and the appearance of his nephew in the rôle of a military commander in the Italian campaign of 1859. For the first time in recorded history it was given to the harassed inhabitants of the Rhine provinces to see a full half century of peace, and to enjoy so much as fifty years of fortunate and uninterrupted immunity from the hardships and sacrifices of war.

Review of A. B. Nikolaev, Revoliutsiia i vlast’: How Has Nikolaev Changed the Interpretation of the February Revolution?

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsuyoshi Hasegawa
Keyword(s):  
Crucial Role ◽  
The State ◽  
Old Regime ◽  
The West ◽  
The Military ◽  
Military Units ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City ◽  
The Revolution

A.B. Nikolaev’s book has not received much attention either in the West or in Russia, but it is an important book that has significantly changed our understanding the February Revolution of 1917. Nikolaev’s meticulously researched monograph, based on a wide array of new sources, challenges the previously dominant interpretation that the Provisional Committee of the State Duma (Duma Committee) was forced to seize power only to stem the tide of the insurgency from below. He argues that the Duma Committee was from its inception clear about its intention to overthrow the old regime and to create a new power to replace it even before the Petrograd Soviet was formed. The Duma Committee played a crucial role in prompting military units to take the side of the revolution, in steering the insurgents to the State Duma, in creating the Military Commission to organize insurgents to occupy strategic positions in the city, in taking over the food supply commission to feed the insurgents, in attacking and destroying the tsarist police, while preventing and suppressing potentially dangerous anarchical pogroms, and in taking control over the imperial bureaucracy. Nikolaev also raises an interesting question about the relationship between the Duma Committee, the State Duma and the Provisional Government by arguing that the Provisional Government made a hasty and cardinal mistake in cutting its relationship with the State Duma. This book is a landmark in the interpretation of the February Revolution, and especially of the role of the Duma liberals in the revolution.

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