scholarly journals PLACENTAL THICKNESS AND ITS CORRELATION TO GESTATIONAL AGE ESTIMATED BY FOETAL GROWTH PARAMETERS-A CROSS SECTIONAL ULTRASONOGRAPHIC STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Ahmad ◽  
MN Anjum ◽  
M Asif ◽  
S Ayub ◽  
A Muzaffar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
P Value ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation ◽  
Chorionic Villi ◽  
Fetal Organ ◽  
Pearson's Correlation ◽  
Placental Thickness

The placenta is a meterno-fetal organ and starts developing on the 5th week from chorionic villi at the implantation site. The placenta continues to increase in thickness and hence its thickness can be used to indicate the gestational age when the last menstruation date is not confirmed. The purpose of the study was to find out the correlation of placental thickness to the gestational age estimated by growth parameters of the fetus. The study was a cross-sectional analytical study conducted on 2000 participants. The study was conducted in the Department of Radiology Social Security Hospital, Multan Chungi Lahore. The inclusion-exclusion criteria were established and participants were observed using a Toshiba ultrasonography machine. The subjects were placed supine and placental thickness was measured to the accuracy of 1mm. Pearson’s correlation was applied to find out the correlation between placental thickness and gestational age of the participants. The mean age of the participants was 28.37  +  4.6. The youngest participant was age 18 and the eldest participant was age 40. The gestational age of the participants included ranged between 12th week to 40th week. Pearson’s correlation score indicated that the correlation value 0.896. Which indicated that the placental thickness and gestational age were strongly correlated? The P-value < 0.05 indicated that the results were significant. The study concluded a strong correlation between gestational age and placental thickness of the fetus. The thickness of the placenta increased with an increase in gestational age and hence could be used as a predictor and a parameter of gestational age prediction when the last menstruation is uncertain or is unknown.

scholarly journals Placental thickness: an important parameter in determining gestational age and fetal growth during ANC scan

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 4619
Author(s):  
Dipali Kadam ◽  
Saurabh Patil ◽  
Meenal Jain
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
P Value ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Femur Length ◽  
Biparietal Diameter ◽  
Antenatal Sonography ◽  
Umbilical Cord Insertion ◽  
Placental Thickness

Background: Gestational Age (GA) is one of the most imperative parameters required for proper management in pregnancy. Routinely GA is estimated by sonography utilising Biparietal Diameter (BPD), Femur Length (FL), Abdominal Circumference (AC) and Head Circumference (HC). In any case, these parameters have some limitations. Hence, there is need to find other parameters that may complement the established fetal biometric parameters in predicting GA. The objective of the present study was to assess placental thickness in second and third trimester pregnancies and its relationship with fetal gestational age and its role in detecting LBW and IUGRMethods: A cross sectional prospective study was carried out in three hundred pregnant women between 13 to 40 weeks of gestation, who came for routine antenatal sonography. Placental thickness was measured along with routine parameters. Placental thickness was measured at the level of umbilical cord insertion by two-dimensional ultrasonography.Results: Correlation between the GA by LMP and Placental thickness by ultrasound was done by using Karl Pearson's Correlation(r). The values were expressed as mean + standard deviation. Correlation between placental thickness and gestational age was statistically significant as p value is <0.01. Placental thickness measured in millimetres increases with gestational age in second and third trimester.Conclusions: The correlation between the placental thickness and gestational age was linear and direct. Therefore, Placental thickness is used as a predictor for estimation of gestational age of the fetus in cases where LMP is not known and in detecting developing IUGR and low birth weight.

scholarly journals Placental thickness in third trimester and its correlation to gestational age and fetal weight in primigravida

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-135
Author(s):  
Muna Badu ◽  
Shankar Bahadur Singh Rajbhandari ◽  
Pashupati Regmi
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Fetal Weight ◽  
P Value ◽  
Additional Parameter ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Placental Thickness

Background: Gestational age and fetal weight estimation by ultrasound is the most effective and accurate method to date pregnancy. Ultrasound has been used to characterize placental position and morphologic changes. Placental thickness could be one additional parameter to assess gestational age and fetal weight. Objectives: This study aims to investigate the relationship between placental thickness with gestational age and fetal weight in third trimester of pregnancy in primigravida. Methodology: Prospective hospital based cross sectional study was conducted including 111 primigravida in third trimester with normal singleton pregnancies in Department of Radiology of Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital from November 2018 to February 2019. Patients with known medical and obstetrical complications were excluded from the study. Placental thickness in millimeters was measured at the level of insertion of the umbilical cord. Pearson’s correlation analysis was used for analyzing variables and p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Mean age of participants was 28.3 ± 4.79 years. Posterior location of the placenta was most common (35%). Placental thickness correlated well with the gestational age and fetal weight. Pearson correlation coefficient was found to be 0.645 for placental thickness with gestational age and 0.598 for placental thickness with fetal weight. P-value was <0.001 in both, showing positive correlation of mentioned variables with placental thickness. Conclusion: Placental thickness can be a new and reliable parameter for estimation of gestational age and fetal weight. It can be routinely used during antenatal checkup.

scholarly journals A correlative study to evaluate the gestational age by sonological measurement of placental thickness in normal second and third trimester pregnancy

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 1638
Author(s):  
Sunil Pant ◽  
Sunita Dashottar
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Additional Parameter ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation ◽  
Biometric Parameters ◽  
Pearson's Correlation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Placental Thickness

Background: The dating of the pregnancy starts well before the fertilization has occurred because the gestational age is calculated from the first day of the last menstrual period (LMP). Accurate knowledge of the Gestational Age (GA) is the key for the good antenatal care and successful deliveries of babies. Menstrual history can be unreliable or misleading at many times. There may be fallacy in the measurement of the fetal biometric parameters in estimating the gestational age in some situation. So, there is a need of another parameter for supplementing the gestational age estimation with minimal error. The aim of the study was to evaluate the placental thickness as a parameter for estimation of gestational age and also to assess the growth pattern of placenta with advancing gestational age.Methods: A total of 110 pregnant women who selected randomly from the antenatal clinics (between the gestational ages from 14 weeks to 40 weeks) who did not have any maternal or fetal complications. The biometric parameters: Biparietal Diameter (BPD), Head Circumference (HC), Abdominal Circumference (AC), Femur Length (FL) and the Placental thickness (PT) were measured by ultrasound machine LOGIQ P5 unit with a curvilinear 3.5 MHz transducer. Mean value of the placental thickness along with the standard deviation (SD) and 95% confidence interval were calculated for each gestational age from 14 weeks to 40 weeks. Pearson’s correlation analysis and linear regression analysis was done quantifying the relationship between the gestational age in weeks and the placental thickness in millimetres.Results: The mean values of placental thickness show a perfect positive relationship (increasing trend) with gestational age and the mean value of placental thickness almost correspond to the gestational age till 35 weeks of the gestational age and fall marginally from 36 weeks. Placental thickness showed positive and significant correlation with gestational age (P-value<0.001) and Pearson’s correlation coefficient (r) of 0.990.Conclusions: Placental thickness can be an additional parameter for estimation of the gestational age as it almost corresponds with the gestational age in second and third trimesters. Also, any abnormal placental thickness for the particular gestational age should raise the suspicion of underlying fetal or maternal disease condition which can cause an increased or decreased in the placental thickness and should be addressed in time.

scholarly journals Placental Thickness and Its Correlation with Gestational Age: A Cross-sectional Ultrasonographic Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumnima Acharya ◽  
Awadesh Tiwari ◽  
Rupesh Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Fetal Growth ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Reliable Parameter ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Placental Thickness

Introduction: Placenta grows in size with the advancement of gestational age (GA) and plays an important role for delivery of nutrients from mother to fetus. Ultrasonography (USG) is implicated for the estimation of GA by using fetal growth parameters like Femur Length (FL), Bi-parietal Diameter (BPD), Head Circumference (HC), and Abdominal Circumference (AC). This study intends to observe the correlation between Placental Thickness (PT) and GA. Methods: It was an observational, cross-sectional, and analytical study conducted over a period of six months from November 2017 to April 2018. Fetal growth parameters i.e. FL, BPD, HC, and AC were measured to estimate GA. PT was also measured at the same time. Results: There was a positive correlation between PT and GA (r = 0.89, n=249, p < 0.001). Pearson correlation coefficient between the two variables at second and third trimesters were 0.81 and 0.49 respectively. Fisher r-to-z transformation was used to analyze the difference between those two coefficients and was found to be statistically significant (z = 4.6, p < 0.001). This indicates that there was a significant overall relationship between PT and GA. As GA increases, PT also increases. Conclusion: Our study observed a positive correlation between the PT and GA in second and third trimesters. Thickness of placenta can thus be used as a reliable parameter for the estimation of GA during the second and third trimesters, and can be used as a supplementary USG parameter along with FL, BPD, HC and AC.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN JUMLAH TROMBOSIT DAN JUMLAH LEUKOSIT PADA PASIEN ANAK DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jilly J. G. Masihor ◽  
Max F. J. Mantik ◽  
Maya Memah ◽  
Arthur E. Mongan
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
P Value ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation ◽  
Correlation Test ◽  
Pearson's Correlation

Abstract: Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is an acute fever disease with high mortality and morbidity in many regions of the world. Leucopenia and thrombocytopenia are two of several laboratory findings that could be found in the course of DHF. This was an analytical retrospective study with a cross sectional design. Samples were patients diagnosed with DHF in Prof. Dr. R.D Kandou General Hospital Manado during the period of 2012. The inclusion criteria were patients <15 years, were diagnosed as DHF according to WHO 1997 criteria, and were examined for platelet and white blood cell count. This study used the medical record data which were analyzed statistically by using the Pearson's correlation test. There were 137 children with DHF during the period of 2012. Samples were 56 children that fulfiled the inclusion criteria. The Pearson correlation test showed a P value 0.801 and correlation coefficient r = -0.034 that indicated that there was a negative correlation which was not significant. Conclusion: There was no significant correlation between the number of thrombocytes and leukocytes in children with dengue hemorrhagic fever.Keywords: dengue hemorrhagic fever, leukocyte, thrombocyteAbstrak: Demam berdarah dengue (DBD) merupakan penyakit demam akut dengan morbiditas dan mortalitas yang tinggi di banyak daerah di dunia. Leukopenia dan trombositopenia merupakan dua temuan laboratorik yang sering ditemukan pada DBD. Penelitian ini bersifat analitik retrospektif dengan pendekatan potong lintang. Sampel penelitian ialah pasien anak yang terdiagnosis DBD di RSUP Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou Manado selama periode tahun 2012. Pasien yang masuk dalam kriteria inklusi ialah pasien < 15 tahun, telah terdiagnosis menurut kriteria WHO 1997, serta melakukan pemeriksaan laboratorium trombosit dan leukosit. Penelitian ini menggunakan catatan rekam medik, dan untuk analisis statistik digunakan Pearson’s correlation test. Terdapat 137 anak dengan demam berdarah dengue pada periode 2012 dan 56 anak menjadi sampel dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian melalui uji korelasi Pearson mendapatkan nilai P = 0,801 dan koefisien korelasi r = -0,034 yang berarti bahwa korelasi tidak bermakna, dengan kekuatan korelasi lemah dan arah korelasi negatif. Simpulan: Tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara jumlah trombosit dan leukosit pada pasien anak demam berdarah dengue.Kata kunci: demam berdarah dengue, leukosit, trombosit

scholarly journals An Online KAP Study to Access Contraceptive Use Among Reproductive Females in North-Western India

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 154-157
Author(s):  
Naveen Verma ◽  
John Karthik ◽  
Sameer Jain
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
P Value ◽  
Western India ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation ◽  
Pearson's Correlation ◽  
Reproductive Females

INTRODUCTION: The use of contraceptives has been practiced since thousand of years and if used correctly can lead to birth control. AIM: To assess the knowledge, attitude and practices of contraceptive of reproductive females aged 18 years and above.MATERIALS AND METHOD: The present study was cross-sectional in nature and included married females above 18 years of age were asked to fill up an online questionnaire, divided into 4 sections and containing 17 questions. After application of descriptive statistics, the multivariate logistic regression and Pearson’s correlation was applied. p value was significant when it was ≤0.05RESULTS: Most respondents has poor knowledge (54.5%) of contraceptives with the most preferred method of contraception being OCP (36.3%) closely followed by condoms (36.1%). Awareness regarding emergency use on contraceptives was mostly seen to be poor (43.9%). The most common method used for contraception was condoms (49.7%%), followed by IUDs (15.6%),Injectables (14.3%) and OCPs(12.7%). Only a few (5.3%) did not practice any method for contraception and 2.4% underwent sterilization. the multivariate logistic regression revealed a significant relation (p=0.03) while and Pearson’s correlation (p=0.76) revealed a strong association. CONCLUSION: There is a need to educate females more about the various methods of contraception to promote their reproductive health

scholarly journals Hubungan Intensitas Cahaya dengan Ketajaman Penglihatan Penghuni Panti Asuhan

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Andi Sesarina Tenri Ola Sapada ◽  
Suliati P. Amir ◽  
Zulfahmidah Zulfahmidah ◽  
Ratih Natasha Maharani ◽  
Andi Tenri Sanna Arifuddin
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Snellen Chart ◽  
Pearson's Correlation ◽  
Pearson's Correlation Coefficient

Rendahnya intensitas pencahayaan pada panti asuhan di Kota Makassar, yang penghuninya didominasi usia sekolah, dapat mempengaruhi ketajaman penglihatan penghuninya. Hal ini dapat menjadi masalah, karena dapat mengganggu fungsi penglihatan yang dibutuhkan dalam perkembangan anak usia sekolah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara intensitas cahaya pada panti asuhan dengan ketajaman penglihatan, faktor yang terlibat di dalamnya, serta kondisi penerangan dan ketajaman penglihatan penghuni panti asuhan. Metode penelitian menggunakan analitik observasional dengan desain cross sectional. Intensitas cahaya masing-masing sampel diukur menggunakan lux meter, sedangkan ketajaman penglihatan diukur dengan snellen chart. Analisis data menggunakan Pearson’s correlation coefficient test. Jumlah sampel 47 orang yang berasal dari 7 panti asuhan di Kecamatan Manggala Kota Makassar. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa hubungan intensitas cahaya dengan visus terbaik tidak signifikan (p value 0,240) sedangkan hubungan intensitas cahaya dengan visus terburuk signifikan dengan korelasi positif (p value 0,046). Faktor yang turut mempengaruhi adalah lama paparan harian (p value 0,019) serta jarak antara mata dan bacaan (p value 0,047). Intensitas cahaya panti asuhan masih belum memenuhi standar (kurang dari 200-300 lux) dan sebagian besar penghuninya memiliki ketajaman penglihatan menurun (kurang dari 6/6). Berdasarkan data objektif dan hasil analisis, ditemukan hubungan yang signifikan antara intensitas cahaya panti asuhan dengan ketajaman penglihatan.

scholarly journals Association of IL-17A -197G/A (rs2275913) Single Nucleotide Polymorphism and Rheumatoid Arthritis in Sudanese Patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rgda Mohamed Osman ◽  
Mounkaila Noma ◽  
Abdallah Elssir Ahmed ◽  
Rihab Ali Omer ◽  
Musab M. Ali Albsheer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Pearson's Correlation

Abstract Objectives: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease. The aim of this study is to determine the association of IL-17A -197G/A polymorphism with RA in Sudanese Patients. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted between March and December, 2018. Clinical and demographic data of the study participants were collected and analysed. All statistical tests were considered as statistically significant when p < 0.05.Results: The study population included 266 participants, 166 (63.1%) were females [mean age 41.4 ± 15.5 years] and 97 (36.9%) were males [mean age 36.2 ± 16.0 years]. Of the 266 participants, 31% (85/266) were RA cases and 69% (181/266) were healthy controls. Prevalence of IL-17A genotypes among the study population was 52.6% (140/266) were AG heterozygote genotype, 38.4% (102/266) were AA homozygote genotype, and 9.0% (24/266) were GG homozygote genotype. Correlation of IL-17A genotypes was negatively statistically significant based on participants clinical status, and family history of RA, Pearson’s correlation [r = -0.392, P value 0.001] and [r = -0.226, P value 0.001], respectively, while positively statistically significant with gender, Pearson’s correlation [r = 0.140, P value 0.023]. Based on the duration of RA, no statistically significant correlation was observed, Pearson’s correlation [ r = -0.138, P value 0.207].

scholarly journals Placental thickness and its correlation to gestational age in Nepalese woman: a hospital based study

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-57
Author(s):  
Ranjan Peasad Devbhandari ◽  
Rajendra Raut ◽  
Jessica Shrestha ◽  
Kedar Prasad Baral
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Maternal Nutrition ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Menstrual Period ◽  
Ultrasound Measurement ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Placental Thickness

Introductions: Gestational age is estimated on the basis of last normal menstrual period and the measurement of foetal growth parameters by ultrasonography. The lack of accurate recollection of the last menstrual period and dependence of growth parameters on intra-uterine environment, physical and mental well-being of the mother, maternal nutrition and genetic factors leads to the over or under estimation of gestational age. The aim of this study was to investigate the correlation between placental thicknesses (PT) in normal singleton Nepalese foetuses. Methods: This was a cross sectional study of ultrasound measurement of placental thickness during 2nd and 3rd trimester pregnancy from April 2015 to October 2015 at Department of Radiology, Suraksha Hospital, Biratnagar, Nepal. All viable singleton uncomplicated pregnancies, history of regular menstruation with known LNMP were included. Microsoft Excel and SPSS 17 were used for data analysis. Pearson’s correlation analysis was used for correlation between placental thickness and gestational age. Statistical tests were two-tailed with p<0.01 as statistical significance. Results: There were 592 pregnant women who met the criteria. Placental thickness increased by 0.86 mm in every week of increase in gestational age. The maximum mean PT of 40.42±1.05 mm was observed at 39th week. There was a significant positive correlation between placental thickness and gestational age, correlation coefficient r=0.986 (P<0.001). Conclusions: PT was found to be a reliable alternative predictor in calculating gestational age. Measurement of PT should be done routinely during obstetrics ultrasonography.

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