scholarly journals An Online KAP Study to Access Contraceptive Use Among Reproductive Females in North-Western India

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 154-157
Author(s):  
Naveen Verma ◽  
John Karthik ◽  
Sameer Jain
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
P Value ◽  
Western India ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation ◽  
Pearson's Correlation ◽  
Reproductive Females

INTRODUCTION: The use of contraceptives has been practiced since thousand of years and if used correctly can lead to birth control. AIM: To assess the knowledge, attitude and practices of contraceptive of reproductive females aged 18 years and above.MATERIALS AND METHOD: The present study was cross-sectional in nature and included married females above 18 years of age were asked to fill up an online questionnaire, divided into 4 sections and containing 17 questions. After application of descriptive statistics, the multivariate logistic regression and Pearson’s correlation was applied. p value was significant when it was ≤0.05RESULTS: Most respondents has poor knowledge (54.5%) of contraceptives with the most preferred method of contraception being OCP (36.3%) closely followed by condoms (36.1%). Awareness regarding emergency use on contraceptives was mostly seen to be poor (43.9%). The most common method used for contraception was condoms (49.7%%), followed by IUDs (15.6%),Injectables (14.3%) and OCPs(12.7%). Only a few (5.3%) did not practice any method for contraception and 2.4% underwent sterilization. the multivariate logistic regression revealed a significant relation (p=0.03) while and Pearson’s correlation (p=0.76) revealed a strong association. CONCLUSION: There is a need to educate females more about the various methods of contraception to promote their reproductive health

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN JUMLAH TROMBOSIT DAN JUMLAH LEUKOSIT PADA PASIEN ANAK DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jilly J. G. Masihor ◽  
Max F. J. Mantik ◽  
Maya Memah ◽  
Arthur E. Mongan
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Hemorrhagic Fever ◽  
P Value ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation ◽  
Correlation Test ◽  
Pearson's Correlation

Abstract: Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is an acute fever disease with high mortality and morbidity in many regions of the world. Leucopenia and thrombocytopenia are two of several laboratory findings that could be found in the course of DHF. This was an analytical retrospective study with a cross sectional design. Samples were patients diagnosed with DHF in Prof. Dr. R.D Kandou General Hospital Manado during the period of 2012. The inclusion criteria were patients <15 years, were diagnosed as DHF according to WHO 1997 criteria, and were examined for platelet and white blood cell count. This study used the medical record data which were analyzed statistically by using the Pearson's correlation test. There were 137 children with DHF during the period of 2012. Samples were 56 children that fulfiled the inclusion criteria. The Pearson correlation test showed a P value 0.801 and correlation coefficient r = -0.034 that indicated that there was a negative correlation which was not significant. Conclusion: There was no significant correlation between the number of thrombocytes and leukocytes in children with dengue hemorrhagic fever.Keywords: dengue hemorrhagic fever, leukocyte, thrombocyteAbstrak: Demam berdarah dengue (DBD) merupakan penyakit demam akut dengan morbiditas dan mortalitas yang tinggi di banyak daerah di dunia. Leukopenia dan trombositopenia merupakan dua temuan laboratorik yang sering ditemukan pada DBD. Penelitian ini bersifat analitik retrospektif dengan pendekatan potong lintang. Sampel penelitian ialah pasien anak yang terdiagnosis DBD di RSUP Prof. Dr. R.D. Kandou Manado selama periode tahun 2012. Pasien yang masuk dalam kriteria inklusi ialah pasien < 15 tahun, telah terdiagnosis menurut kriteria WHO 1997, serta melakukan pemeriksaan laboratorium trombosit dan leukosit. Penelitian ini menggunakan catatan rekam medik, dan untuk analisis statistik digunakan Pearson’s correlation test. Terdapat 137 anak dengan demam berdarah dengue pada periode 2012 dan 56 anak menjadi sampel dalam penelitian ini. Hasil penelitian melalui uji korelasi Pearson mendapatkan nilai P = 0,801 dan koefisien korelasi r = -0,034 yang berarti bahwa korelasi tidak bermakna, dengan kekuatan korelasi lemah dan arah korelasi negatif. Simpulan: Tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara jumlah trombosit dan leukosit pada pasien anak demam berdarah dengue.Kata kunci: demam berdarah dengue, leukosit, trombosit

scholarly journals Hubungan Intensitas Cahaya dengan Ketajaman Penglihatan Penghuni Panti Asuhan

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Andi Sesarina Tenri Ola Sapada ◽  
Suliati P. Amir ◽  
Zulfahmidah Zulfahmidah ◽  
Ratih Natasha Maharani ◽  
Andi Tenri Sanna Arifuddin
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Snellen Chart ◽  
Pearson's Correlation ◽  
Pearson's Correlation Coefficient

Rendahnya intensitas pencahayaan pada panti asuhan di Kota Makassar, yang penghuninya didominasi usia sekolah, dapat mempengaruhi ketajaman penglihatan penghuninya. Hal ini dapat menjadi masalah, karena dapat mengganggu fungsi penglihatan yang dibutuhkan dalam perkembangan anak usia sekolah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara intensitas cahaya pada panti asuhan dengan ketajaman penglihatan, faktor yang terlibat di dalamnya, serta kondisi penerangan dan ketajaman penglihatan penghuni panti asuhan. Metode penelitian menggunakan analitik observasional dengan desain cross sectional. Intensitas cahaya masing-masing sampel diukur menggunakan lux meter, sedangkan ketajaman penglihatan diukur dengan snellen chart. Analisis data menggunakan Pearson’s correlation coefficient test. Jumlah sampel 47 orang yang berasal dari 7 panti asuhan di Kecamatan Manggala Kota Makassar. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa hubungan intensitas cahaya dengan visus terbaik tidak signifikan (p value 0,240) sedangkan hubungan intensitas cahaya dengan visus terburuk signifikan dengan korelasi positif (p value 0,046). Faktor yang turut mempengaruhi adalah lama paparan harian (p value 0,019) serta jarak antara mata dan bacaan (p value 0,047). Intensitas cahaya panti asuhan masih belum memenuhi standar (kurang dari 200-300 lux) dan sebagian besar penghuninya memiliki ketajaman penglihatan menurun (kurang dari 6/6). Berdasarkan data objektif dan hasil analisis, ditemukan hubungan yang signifikan antara intensitas cahaya panti asuhan dengan ketajaman penglihatan.

scholarly journals Willingness to Be Vaccinated against COVID-19 in Spain before the Start of Vaccination: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5272
Author(s):  
Noelia Rodríguez-Blanco ◽  
Sergio Montero-Navarro ◽  
José M. Botella-Rico ◽  
Antonio J. Felipe-Gómez ◽  
Jesús Sánchez-Más ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Past ◽  
High Level ◽  
Vaccination Campaigns

Vaccine hesitancy has increased in the past few years, influenced by the socio-cultural differences, political populism, or concerns related to the effectiveness and safety of some vaccines, resulting a feeling of distrust. This feeling can become a barrier against the achievement of the immunity necessary to stop the expansion of COVID-19. The aim of this study was to evaluate the acceptance of the vaccine against COVID-19 in Spain, as well as to identify the factors that have an influence on the concerns and attitudes of people against accepting the vaccine in the months prior to the start of vaccination on December 2020. An online questionnaire was created to obtain information about (1) sociodemographic characteristics; (2) concerns and sources of information about vaccines; and (3) attitudes about vaccination and state of health. A multivariate logistic regression was performed to identify the influencing factors. Of the 2501 participants, 1207 (48.3%) would accept the COVID-19 vaccine, 623 (24.9%) were hesitant, and 671 (26.8%) would reject it. The logistic regression showed that being male, older than 60, married, retired, with a high level of education, or with a leftist political inclination, could increase the probability of accepting the COVID-19 vaccine. Disinformation and the lack of political consensus were the main sources of distrust. The patients with hypertension, immunodepression, hypercholesterolemia, or respiratory disease, or were overweight, showed a greater acceptance to the vaccine, while those with cancer took the longest to accept it. A low acceptance of the vaccine against COVID-19 was observed among the Spanish population in the phase prior to its availability, and the main fears of the population were identified. It is necessary to offer correct and transparent information about these vaccines to reduce the concerns and increase the trust of the population, to thereby guarantee the success of the vaccination campaigns.

scholarly journals PLACENTAL THICKNESS AND ITS CORRELATION TO GESTATIONAL AGE ESTIMATED BY FOETAL GROWTH PARAMETERS-A CROSS SECTIONAL ULTRASONOGRAPHIC STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Ahmad ◽  
MN Anjum ◽  
M Asif ◽  
S Ayub ◽  
A Muzaffar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
P Value ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation ◽  
Chorionic Villi ◽  
Fetal Organ ◽  
Pearson's Correlation ◽  
Placental Thickness

The placenta is a meterno-fetal organ and starts developing on the 5th week from chorionic villi at the implantation site. The placenta continues to increase in thickness and hence its thickness can be used to indicate the gestational age when the last menstruation date is not confirmed. The purpose of the study was to find out the correlation of placental thickness to the gestational age estimated by growth parameters of the fetus. The study was a cross-sectional analytical study conducted on 2000 participants. The study was conducted in the Department of Radiology Social Security Hospital, Multan Chungi Lahore. The inclusion-exclusion criteria were established and participants were observed using a Toshiba ultrasonography machine. The subjects were placed supine and placental thickness was measured to the accuracy of 1mm. Pearson’s correlation was applied to find out the correlation between placental thickness and gestational age of the participants. The mean age of the participants was 28.37  +  4.6. The youngest participant was age 18 and the eldest participant was age 40. The gestational age of the participants included ranged between 12th week to 40th week. Pearson’s correlation score indicated that the correlation value 0.896. Which indicated that the placental thickness and gestational age were strongly correlated? The P-value < 0.05 indicated that the results were significant. The study concluded a strong correlation between gestational age and placental thickness of the fetus. The thickness of the placenta increased with an increase in gestational age and hence could be used as a predictor and a parameter of gestational age prediction when the last menstruation is uncertain or is unknown.

scholarly journals Association of IL-17A -197G/A (rs2275913) Single Nucleotide Polymorphism and Rheumatoid Arthritis in Sudanese Patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rgda Mohamed Osman ◽  
Mounkaila Noma ◽  
Abdallah Elssir Ahmed ◽  
Rihab Ali Omer ◽  
Musab M. Ali Albsheer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Pearson's Correlation

Abstract Objectives: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease. The aim of this study is to determine the association of IL-17A -197G/A polymorphism with RA in Sudanese Patients. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted between March and December, 2018. Clinical and demographic data of the study participants were collected and analysed. All statistical tests were considered as statistically significant when p < 0.05.Results: The study population included 266 participants, 166 (63.1%) were females [mean age 41.4 ± 15.5 years] and 97 (36.9%) were males [mean age 36.2 ± 16.0 years]. Of the 266 participants, 31% (85/266) were RA cases and 69% (181/266) were healthy controls. Prevalence of IL-17A genotypes among the study population was 52.6% (140/266) were AG heterozygote genotype, 38.4% (102/266) were AA homozygote genotype, and 9.0% (24/266) were GG homozygote genotype. Correlation of IL-17A genotypes was negatively statistically significant based on participants clinical status, and family history of RA, Pearson’s correlation [r = -0.392, P value 0.001] and [r = -0.226, P value 0.001], respectively, while positively statistically significant with gender, Pearson’s correlation [r = 0.140, P value 0.023]. Based on the duration of RA, no statistically significant correlation was observed, Pearson’s correlation [ r = -0.138, P value 0.207].

scholarly journals AMH was independently associated with central obesity but not with general obesity in women with PCOS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiying Zeng ◽  
Yinxiang Huang ◽  
Mulin Zhang ◽  
Chen Yun ◽  
Ye Jiawen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Ovarian Reserve ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
General Obesity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pearson’S Correlation ◽  
Negatively Associated ◽  
Pearson's Correlation

Objective: Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is recognized as the most important biomarker for ovarian reserve. In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to explore the potential association of AMH with central obesity or general obesity in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 179 patients with PCOS were enrolled and underwent anthropometric measurements (BMI and waist circumference (WC)) and serum AMH level detection. Pearson's correlation and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to determine associations of AMH with central obesity and general obesity. Results: Subjects with the increasing of body mass index (BMI) showed significantly lower values of AMH (median (IQR) 8.95 (6.03-13.60) ng/mL in normal weight group, 6.57 (4.18-8.77) ng/mL in overweight group, and 6.03 (4.34-9.44) ng/mL in obesity group, respectively, p=0.001), but higher levels of systolic blood pressure, fasting insulin, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and obesity indices (WC, hip circumferences, waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) and Chinese visceral adiposity index (CVAI)) respectively. Compared with the group of PCOS women without central obesity, the group with central obesity had significantly lower value of AMH (median (IQR) 8.56(5.29-12.96) vs. 6.22(4.33-8.82) ng/mL; p=0.003). Pearson’s correlation analysis showed that AMH were significantly and negatively correlated with BMI (r=-0.280; p<0.001), WC (r=-0.263; p<0.001), WHtR (r=-0.273; p<0.001), and CVAI (r=-0.211; p=0.006) respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis with adjustment for potential confounding factors showed that AMH was independently and negatively associated with central obesity, but was not significantly associated with general obesity. Conclusions: AMH was independently and negatively associated with central obesity. Closely monitoring WC and AMH should be addressed in terms of assessing ovarian reserve in women with PCOS.

Several Components of the Lebanese Mediterranean Diet and Particular Sociodemographic, Medical and Lifestyle Factors may be Associated with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease in Adults: A Cross-sectional Study in a Middle Eastern Setting

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-93
Author(s):  
Mary-Joe Youssef ◽  
Antoine Aoun ◽  
Aline Issa ◽  
Lana El-Osta ◽  
Nada El-Osta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Lifestyle Factors ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gerd Symptoms

Background: The prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is increasing worldwide and the related chronic symptoms can be associated with morbidity and poor quality of life. Objective: The objective of this study was to identify foods and beverages consumed by the Lebanese population, dietary habits, socio-demographic and lifestyle factors, health parameters and perceived stress, implicated in increasing GERD symptoms. Methods: This observational cross-sectional study was carried among Lebanese adults in 2016. A convenient sample of 264 participants was equally divided into a GERD group and a control group. Data on socio-demographic characteristics, lifestyle, health status and dietary habits including Lebanese traditional dishes were collected. The perceived stress scale (PSS) was also used to assess the participants’ perception of stress. Logistic regression analyses were conducted with GERD symptoms (presence or absence) being the dependent variable. Results: The GERD symptoms were significantly associated with age (-p-value=0.017), family history of GERD symptoms (-p-value<0.001), smoking (-p-value=0.003) and chronic medical conditions (-p-value<.001). Regarding the dietary factors, participants who ate three meals or less/day, between meals and outside homes were 2.5, 2.9 and 2.4 times at a higher risk of experiencing GERD symptoms than others, respectively. Moreover, the logistic regression model showed that the GERD symptoms were significantly associated with the consumption of coffee (-p-value=0.037), Lebanese sweets (-p-value=0.027), fried foods (-p-value=0.031), ‘Labneh’ with garlic (-p-value<0.001), pomegranate molasses (-p-value=0.011), and tomatoes (-p-value=0.007). Conclusion: Some specific lifestyle factors and components of the Lebanese Mediterranean diet could be associated with GERD symptoms.

scholarly journals The second pregnancy has no effect in the incidence of macrosomia: a cross-sectional survey in two western Chinese regions

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Luo ◽  
Huan Zeng ◽  
Mao Zeng ◽  
Xueqing Liu ◽  
Xianglong Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Western China ◽  
Fetal Macrosomia ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Second Child ◽  
Child Policy ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background After the implementation of the universal two-child policy in China, the increase in parity has led to an increase in adverse pregnancy outcomes. The impact of one and two fetuses on the incidence of fetal macrosomia has not been fully confirmed in China. This study aimed to explore the differences in the incidence of fetal macrosomia in first and second pregnancies in Western China after the implementation of the universal two-child policy. Methods A total of 1598 pregnant women from three hospitals were investigated by means of a cross-sectional study from August 2017 to January 2018. Participants were recruited by convenience and divided into first and second pregnancy groups. These groups included 1094 primiparas and 504 women giving birth to their second child. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to discuss the differences in the incidence of fetal macrosomia in first and second pregnancies. Results No significant difference was found in the incidence of macrosomia in the first pregnancy group (7.2%) and the second pregnancy group (7.1%). In the second-time pregnant mothers, no significant association was found between the macrosomia of the second child (5.5%) and that of the first child (4.7%). The multivariate logistic regression model showed that mothers older than 30 years are not likely to give birth to children with macrosomia (odds ratio (OR) 0.6, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.4,0.9). Conclusions The incidence of macrosomia in Western China is might not be affected by the birth of the second child and is not increased by low parity.

Parent-Young People Communication on Sexual and Reproductive Health Issues and Associated Factors Among Students in Agaro Town, Ethiopia: A Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daba Abdissa ◽  
Workitu Sileshi
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Secondary Education ◽  
Young People ◽  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Primary Education ◽  
Educational Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract BackgroundSexual and reproductive health (SRH) is at the base of young people's living and wellbeing. A significant number of young peoples are affected by avoidable SRH problems due to a lack of appropriate knowledge regarding SRH. Parent-young communication on SRH is critical in informing them about risk and protective behaviors which in turn decrease the likelihood of involvement in risky sexual behaviors. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the parent-young communication on SRH issues among secondary and preparatory school students at Agaro town, Southwestern Ethiopia. MethodsSchool based cross-sectional study was conducted from April 13 to April 20, 2019 using stratified random sampling technique. Data were collected using pretested interviewer-administered structured questionnaire entered into Epi data version 3.1; and analyzed using SPSS version 20. A variable having a p-value of <0.25 in the bivariable logistic regression model was subjected to multivariable logistic regression analysis to avoid the confounding variable’s effect. Adjusted odds ratios were calculated at the 95% confidence interval and considered significant with a p-value of <0.05.ResultsA total of 315 students were included to the study. The mean age of the respondents was 20.2±2.6 years. The study finding showed that 61.3% of the participants were discussed on SRH issues with their parents. Educational status of mother [primary education (AOR=3.67; 95%CI=1.93,6.97),secondary education(AOR:2.86;95%CI=1.20,6.80)],educational status of father[primary education (AOR=5.8;95%CI=2.8,12.3,secondary education (AOR=3.21; 95%CI=1.55,6.59)],having family size of <5 (AOR= 6.4; 95%CI= 3.36,12.37) and having boy/girlfriend(AOR=1.99; 95%CI=1.0,3.8) were significantly associated with parent-young people communication. ConclusionAbout two third of the participants communicate with their parents about SRH issues. Parents’ educational status, family size of <5 and having boy/girlfriend were significantly associated with the parent-young people communication. The main reasons for not communicated was cultural taboos, shame and parents lack of knowledge. Therefore, it is necessary to educate and equip students and parents to address the identified problems.

scholarly journals Behavior of Medical Students toward Over-the-Counter Drugs in Comparison to Students from Other Faculties, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

2021 ◽  
pp. 129-135
Author(s):  
Amar Fathi Mohamed Khalifa ◽  
Yasser Nabil AlKhudairy ◽  
Adel Ahmed Algahtani ◽  
Bandar Mohammed Abduljabbar ◽  
Fahad Majed Aldawsari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Otc Drugs ◽  
Professional Guidance

Background: Over-the-counter-drugs (OTC) are drugs that can be obtained by patients without a prescription from a physician. In Saudi Arabia, it has been reported that more than half of university students practiced self-medication and used OTC drugs. Methods: An institutional-based cross-sectional study, among medical and non-medical students in Riyadh. The sample size was 421, by systemic random sampling. A pre-coded pre-tested online questionnaire was used. Data was analyzed using SPSS V 23. P-value ≤ 0.05 was considered significant. Results: There was no significant relationship between what the participants were majoring in and the usage of OTC drugs (p value= 0.373). Gender also had no relation with the use of OTC (p value= 0.168). Panadol appeared as the most commonly used OTC drug 62.9% for the relief of the most commonly mentioned factor which is headache 50.12%.  Conclusion: Medical education didn’t have much of an effect on the use of OTC drugs. Moreover, professional guidance or advice was not considered most of the time for taking OTC, but the majority of respondents portrayed good behavior towards usage of OTC.

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