scholarly journals A polymorphism in the stearoyl-CoA desaturase gene promoter influences monounsaturated fatty acid content of Duroc × Iberian hams

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. e0404
Author(s):  
Eliana Henriquez-Rodriguez ◽  
Marc Tor ◽  
Ramona N. Pena ◽  
Joan Estany
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Gene Promoter ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Good Tool ◽  
Pufa Ratio ◽  
Fat Composition ◽  
Stearoyl Coa Desaturase ◽  
And Gender

<p>Data on 74 dry-cured hams from Duroc × Iberian pigs were used to examine whether the tag polymorphism <em>AY487830:g.2228T&gt;C </em>in the promoter region of the stearoyl-CoA desaturase [<em>SCD</em>] gene affect fat desaturation and monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) as previously described in purebred Duroc hams. Samples were taken from sliced trays of dry-cured hams marketed as <em>Jamón Ibérico de cebo, </em>which were randomly purchased from the same supplier in different stores of the same supermarket chain. Genomic DNA was isolated from each sample to genotype for <em>SCD</em> and gender. Also, a sample of two slices was used to determine fat content and fatty acid (FA) composition by gas chromatography. The effect of the genotype (TT and CT) and gender (barrows and gilts) was estimated under a Bayesian setting.<em> </em>Results showed that the <em>SCD </em>polymorphism was associated to fat composition but not to fat content, with TT hams showing increased C18:1n-7, C18:1n-9, C20:1n-9 and MUFA (probability between 0.92-0.98) and decreased C18:2n-6, C20:4n-6 and polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) (probability between 0.91-0.99) as compared to the CT. As a result, the TT hams had more MUFA (0.95%) and a higher MUFA/PUFA ratio (0.43) than the CT. Barrows had more saturated FA (SFA) and less PUFA than gilts. No differences in MUFA content were found between genders. The <em>SCD</em> polymorphism had a greater impact on MUFA than using hams from barrows instead of gilts. It is concluded that the <em>SCD</em> polymorphism is a good tool to increase MUFA and MUFA/PUFA ratio in Duroc crossbred dry-cured hams.</p>

Relationship between pork fatty acid content in selected muscles and carcass tissues

2019 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 972
Author(s):  
Monika Sobol ◽  
Stanisława Raj ◽  
Grzegorz Skiba
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Subcutaneous Fat ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Pufa Ratio ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acids

Pork plays a central role in culinary tradition in Central Europe. Most of the studies determine the fatty acid (FA) content separately in muscles and subcutaneous fat. However, it is also important to determine the FA content of meat products, which contain a mixture of muscles and fat. The determination of FA in carcass tissues is difficult and leads to the destruction of the whole carcass. Thus, the aim of this study was to estimate the FA content of carcass meat (muscles with inter- and intramuscular fat, MC), and carcass soft tissues (muscles with inter- and intramuscular fat and subcutaneous fat, SC) based on a single muscle. Fatty acids were analysed using gas chromatography. Thirty crossbred pigs were fed diets differing in their fatty acid content and n-6:n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) ratio. Samples of Longissimus thoracis et lumborum (LL), Biceps femoris (BF), Semitendinosus (ST), and Semimembranosus (SM) muscles, MC, and SC were taken. Correlation between linolenic, eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids contents and n-6:n-3 PUFA in examined muscles and MC ranged from 0.809 (SM) to 0.961 (LL), from 0.708 (LL) to 0.954 (ST), from 0.907 (SM) to 0.941 (ST), respectively (P = 0.000). Correlation between linolenic, eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids contents and n-6:n-3 PUFA in examined muscles and SC ranged from 0.773 (SM) to 0.954 (LL), 0.763 (LL) to 0.983 (BF), and from 0.909 (LL) to 0.940 (ST), respectively (P = 0.000). Results allow estimate the FA content of MC and SC based on their content in single muscles.

Effect of animal age and gender on fatty acid and elemental composition in Austrian beef applicable for authentication purposes

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriána Bednárová ◽  
Ján Mocák ◽  
Walter Gössler ◽  
Margit Velik ◽  
Josef Kaufmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
And Gender

AbstractThe main aim of the present study was to find differences in the content of fatty acids and variations in elemental composition in beef samples of longissimus dorsi muscle related to cattle age and gender. A further goal was to describe interrelations among the selected variables (descriptors) characterising the samples. For this purpose, an extensive data table was compiled, which contains chemical descriptors specifying forty-six beef samples originating from four well-known Austrian grassland-based beef labels. The following descriptors were investigated: (a) concentrations of 33 fatty acids, (b) concentrations of 19 elements, (c) contents of dry-mass, protein, intramuscular fat, and ash, (d) total content of saturated fatty acids (SFA), mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), and poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), (e) total contents of omega-3 (n-3) and omega-6 (n-6) PUFA and their ratio. The correlation analysis provided a number of statistically significant correlations among the descriptors, which were concordant with the results of the principal component analysis and cluster analysis. Furthermore, the effect of age and gender of cattle (both acting as target factors) on the fatty acid content and elemental composition of beef was examined by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and appropriate non-parametric tests. Several important interrelations among the beef characteristics investigated were also discovered. Finally, the most relevant beef descriptors were utilised in linear discrimination analysis (LDA) for predicting the slaughter age of the cattle for beef authentication.

scholarly journals A Functional Variant in the Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase Gene Promoter Enhances Fatty Acid Desaturation in Pork

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e86177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan Estany ◽  
Roger Ros-Freixedes ◽  
Marc Tor ◽  
Ramona N. Pena
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Gene Promoter ◽  
Fatty Acid Desaturation ◽  
Desaturase Gene ◽  
Functional Variant ◽  
Stearoyl Coa Desaturase

scholarly journals Sequential changes in plasma lipoproteins and body fat composition during polyunsaturated fat feeding in man

1980 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 265-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Shepherd ◽  
Jennifer M. Stewart ◽  
Janice G. Clark ◽  
Kay Carr
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Plasma Lipoproteins ◽  
Polyunsaturated Fat ◽  
Progressive Change ◽  
Fat Composition ◽  
Early Effects ◽  
Fat Feeding

1. The early effects of a moderate polyunsaturated fat diet on the composition of circulating lipoproteins and adipose tissue fatty acids were measured in five healthy adults.2. The fatty acid content and gross composition of the three major plasma lipoprotein fractions altered within 7 d of treatment. The response of depot fat was slower but did show a significant and progressive change after 14 d on the diet.3. The efficiency of the moderate diet in changing the composition of the lipoproteins suggests that it should be equally dfective in altering their metabolic handling.

A mathematical model for mammary fatty acid synthesis and triglyceride assembly: the role of stearoyl CoA desaturase (SCD)

2004 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul R Shorten ◽  
Tony B Pleasants ◽  
Girish C Upreti
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Biosynthesis ◽  
Molar Fraction ◽  
Desirable Outcome ◽  
Fat Composition ◽  
Stearoyl Coa Desaturase

An increase in the proportion of unsaturated fatty acids in milk is considered desirable for human health. A prerequisite for the manipulation of milk fat composition is a co-ordinated understanding of the complex interactions in its biosynthesis. It has been suggested that an increase in the expression of mammary stearoyl-CoA-desaturase (SCD) would enrich mono-unsaturated fatty acids in milk, and therefore improve its nutritional properties. To investigate the potential effects of changes in expression of mammary enzymes and substrate availability on milk fat composition, we constructed, parameterized and evaluated a mechanistic mathematical model of fatty acid biosynthesis and milk-fat triglyceride assembly. The objective was to describe changes in the amount and composition of milk fat produced by bovine mammary cells due to changes in nutrition. Using the model we found that a 50% up-regulation in SCD activity increased the molar fraction of milk triglyceride 18[ratio ]1 from 0·30 to 0·33 and 16[ratio ]1 from 0·04 to 0·06. Up-regulation of SCD therefore did not appear to be the optimal method for increasing the content of unsaturated fatty acids in milk fat. The model was also used to determine the likely rate-limiting processes for the incorporation of unsaturated fatty acids into milk fat. Halving the concentration of glycerol 3-phosphate increased the molar fraction of milk triglyceride 18[ratio ]1 from 0·30 to 0·35 and decreased the molar fraction of milk triglyceride 16[ratio ]0 from 0·30 to 0·22. This achieved the desirable outcome of producing more unsaturated low-fat milk. Our model also predicted that a K232A mutation in the bovine mammary DGAT1 gene that is linked with an increase in milk fat yield would be consistent with a 120% increase in the DGAT acylation rate and also would be associated with a decrease in milk mono-unsaturated fatty acids.

Monounsaturated Fatty Acid (Olive Oil) Lowers Hepatic Fat Content in Pre-Diabetes Subjects

2015 ◽  
Vol 115 (9) ◽  
pp. A85
Author(s):  
S. Nayar ◽  
H. O'Connor ◽  
S. Bjerkness ◽  
S.B. Veettil ◽  
R. Basu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Hepatic Fat

scholarly journals Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase Mediated Monounsaturated Fatty Acid Availability Supports Humoral Immunity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xian Zhou ◽  
Xingxing Zhu ◽  
Chaofan Li ◽  
Yanfeng Li ◽  
Zhenqing Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Humoral Immunity ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Stearoyl Coa Desaturase

scholarly journals Variation in the stearoyl-CoA desaturase gene (<i>SCD</i>) and its influence on milk fatty acid composition in late-lactation dairy cattle grazed on pasture

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 355-366
Author(s):  
Yunhai Li ◽  
Huitong Zhou ◽  
Long Cheng ◽  
Jenny Zhao ◽  
Jonathan Hickford
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Desaturase Gene ◽  
Nucleotide Substitutions ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Gene Markers ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Fat Composition ◽  
Stearoyl Coa Desaturase ◽  
Jersey Cows

Abstract. Gene markers have become useful tools for improving animal genetics and breeding since they improve the accuracy of selection for superior breeding stock. In this study, the stearoyl-CoA desaturase (Δ-9-desaturase) gene (SCD) was investigated in New Zealand pasture-grazed Holstein–Friesian × Jersey cows. Three nucleotide substitutions were identified in exon 5 of the gene (c.702A/G, c.762T/C and c.878C/T), and a single nucleotide substitution was identified in intron 5 (c.880+105A/G). The c.878C/T substitution would, if expressed, result in the amino acid substitution p.A293V. Four nucleotide substitutions (c.*1783A/G, c.*1883C/T, c.*1984G/A and c.*2066T/C/G) were identified in the 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR), and these resulted in three nucleotide sequence variants (named a, b and c). The sequence that would encode valine (V) at position 293 of SCD was linked to 3′-UTR variant a, and the sequence that would encode alanine (A) was linked to variants b and c. The frequency of the genotypes was as follows: VV (equivalent to aa: 15.1 %), VA (equivalent to ab+ac: 50.0 %) and AA (equivalent to bb+cc+bc: 34.9 %). The cows with the V variant produced less C10:1, C12:1 and C14:1 fatty acid (FA) but more C10:0, C11:0, C14:0, C16:1 and C18:2 FA than the A variant cows (P<0.001). Effects of c.*1783A/G and c.*2066T/C/G on milk fat composition were also found for the AA cows. The presence of c was associated with decreased levels of C16:1 (P<0.001), C17:1 (P=0.001), C18:2 cis-9, trans-13 (P=0.045), C18:2 cis-9, trans-12 (P=0.018) FA and C16:1 FA index (P<0.001). The presence of b was associated with increased levels of C13:0 iso FAs (P<0.001), monounsaturated FA (MUFA; P=0.002) and C12:1 (P<0.001).

scholarly journals Effects of different variants of the FASN gene on production performance and milk fatty acid composition in Holstein × Simmental dairy cows

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (No. 03) ◽  
pp. 101-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Mauric ◽  
T Masek ◽  
D Bendelja Ljoljić ◽  
J Grbavac ◽  
K Starcevic
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid Synthase ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Monounsaturated Fatty Acid ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Production Traits

Crossbreeding of Holstein cattle with bulls of other breeds has garnered increasing interest with respect to efforts to improve performance traits and to decrease problems with fertility and health. Therefore, the objective of this study was to compare the effects of the fatty acid synthase (FASN) gene on milk production traits and fatty acid composition of Simmental and first-generation Holstein × Simmental crossbred cows. A total of 105 cows (72 Simmental and 33 crossbred Holstein) were genotyped using the PCR-RFLP method and their fatty acid profiles were analysed. The crossbred Holstein cows with diplotype TW/AR had significantly higher fat content and yield compared to the purebred Simmental cows of the same diplotype. The Holstein × Simmental cows with the diplotype AR/AR were also characterised by significantly lower content of C16:0 and saturated fatty acids, but higher C18:1n9, monounsaturated fatty acid and monounsaturated fatty acid/saturated fatty acid content compared to the same diplotype of the Simmental cattle. These results indicate that with accurate breeding plans, crossbreeding Holstein cows with Simmental bulls could be directed towards a more desirable fatty acid composition of milk and dairy products.

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