scholarly journals Objective determination of northeast monsoon onset dates over coastal Tamil Nadu for the period 1901-90

MAUSAM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-282
Author(s):  
Y. E. A. RAJ
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
Onset Date ◽  
Northeast Monsoon ◽  
Objective Method ◽  
Abrupt Increase ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Objective Determination

The onset dates of northeast monsoon over coastal Tamil Nadu have been determined by adopting an objective method for the years 1901-90. The various statistical parameters associated with onset dates have been computed and interpreted. Relation between onset dates of easterlies and northeast monsoon over Tamil Nadu has been examined. The normal date obtained has been shown to be by and large consistent with the characteristics of normal daily rainfall of coastal Tamil Nadu. The superposed epoch method has been, used to compute the mean rainfall with reference to onset date and the abrupt increase in rainfall at onset has been clearly brought out The spatial distribution and intensity of rainfall at the time of onset have also been discussed. Daily rainfall has been graphically presented for some years with spectacular onset as well as for some years with subdued onset.

scholarly journals Clinical Efficacy Of Ceftriaxone Versus Ciprofloxacin In Paediatric Enteric Fever

2018 ◽  
Vol 08 (02) ◽  
pp. 67-71
Author(s):  
Anila Farhat ◽  
Asma Shaukat ◽  
Tariq Mahmood Khan
Keyword(s):  
Enteric Fever ◽  
Research Study ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Clinical Effectiveness ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B ◽  
Objective Determination

Objective: Determination of the clinical effectiveness of ciprofloxacin versus ceftriaxone in children with enteric fever on the basis of defervescence within 72 hours of commencement of treatment. Duration and Place of Study: This randomized controlled trial was carried out from 15th May to 15th November 2017 in pediatrics units of Benazir Bhutto Shaheed Teaching Hospital Abbottabad and Jinnah International Hospital Abbottabad. Methodology: 90 children with uncomplicated enteric fever were admitted and divided randomly into two groups, Group A was administered I/V Ceftriaxone 75mg/kg OD and Group B was given I/V Ciprofloxacin 10mg/kg BD for seven days. Response to drug was taken as defervescence within 72 hours while continued fever after 72 hours was taken as no response. The data was analyzed by using SPSS Version 21.00. Results: In our research study 53(58.9%) children were male and 37(41.1%) patients were female. The mean age was 8.43±3.17 years encompassing 4 to 14 years, mean weight of the patients in kg was 29.54±10.8 kg. Efficacy of ceftriaxone group was 93.3% while in ciprofloxacin group 62.2% patients became afebrile in 72 hours. The proportion of achieving defervescence within 72 hours was higher with ceftriaxone than with ciprofloxacin Conclusion: Ceftriaxone is more efficacious in terms of achieving defervescence than ciprofloxacin in children having enteric fever.

scholarly journals A statistical technique for determination of withdrawal of northeast monsoon over coastal Tamilnadu

MAUSAM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-320
Author(s):  
Y. E. A. RAJ
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
Statistical Technique ◽  
Northeast Monsoon ◽  
Dynamic Features ◽  
Superposed Epoch Analysis ◽  
Average Decrease ◽  
Sole Criterion ◽  
Normal Rainfall

The withdrawal dates of northeast monsoon over coastal Tamil Nadu for the 90-year period (1901-90) have been objectively derived. The methodology of determination was generally based on an index based on the spatial distribution of daily rainfall over stations of coastal Tamil Nadu, over a 5-day pentad for the six month period, September- February. The normal withdrawal date thus obtained was 27 December with a standard deviation of 13.6 days and range 23 November-28 January. The duration of northeast monsoon was distributed with mean 67.5 days, standard deviation 14.9 days and range 26-102 days. During 36.7 % of years the withdrawal spilled over to January of next year. The daily normal rainfall and its difference filter have been discussed with reference to the normal date of withdrawal. The average decrease of rainfall at the time of withdrawal has been derived by application of superposed epoch analysis. It has further been shown that during years when the withdrawal took place in January the intensity of northeast monsoon prior to withdrawal was as intense as in years when withdrawal occurred in December. A few cases of northeast monsoon withdrawal have been illustrated with diagrams. As no definite dynamic or thermodynamic features could be uniquely identified which are associated with the withdrawal, this technique is basically statistical, considering the behaviour of the daily normal rainfall as the sole criterion. Unique thermodynamic and dynamic features are not identifiable which are associated with the withdrawal of northeast monsoon over coastal Tamilnadu.

scholarly journals OUTLOOK ON NORTHEAST MONSOON RAINFALL OF TAMIL NADU

MAUSAM ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-22
Author(s):  
Y.E.A. RAJ ◽  
P. N. SEN ◽  
S. M. JAMADAR
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Monsoon Rainfall ◽  
Northeast Monsoon ◽  
Northeast Monsoon Rainfall ◽  
The Mean ◽  
In The Beginning

The mean monthly wind vectors at 850, 500 and 150 hPa levels over Thiruvananthapuram (TRV) and Madras (MDS) for August. and September have been subjected to stepwise screening. The objective is to develop a scheme capable of providing an outlook of .northeast monsoon rainfall of Tamil Nu in the beginning of October. A multiple regression scheme of S1K predictors has been identified. The scheme developed from 23•year data performed well when te.ted in an independent five-year period.

scholarly journals Defining the Northeast Monsoon of India

2019 ◽  
Vol 147 (3) ◽  
pp. 791-807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasubandhu Misra ◽  
Amit Bhardwaj
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface Temperature ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Southern Oscillation ◽  
Surface Wind ◽  
Heat Content ◽  
Onset Date ◽  
Northeast Monsoon ◽  
Temperature Anomalies

Abstract This study introduces an objective definition for onset and demise of the northeast Indian monsoon (NEM). The definition is based on the land surface temperature analysis over the Indian subcontinent. It is diagnosed from the inflection points in the daily anomaly cumulative curve of the area-averaged surface temperature over the provinces of Andhra Pradesh, Rayalseema, and Tamil Nadu located in the southeastern part of India. Per this definition, the climatological onset and demise dates of the NEM season are 6 November and 13 March, respectively. The composite evolution of the seasonal cycle of 850-hPa winds, surface wind stress, surface ocean currents, and upper-ocean heat content suggest a seasonal shift around the time of the diagnosed onset and demise dates of the NEM season. The interannual variations indicate onset date variations have a larger impact than demise date variations on the seasonal length, seasonal anomalies of rainfall, and surface temperature of the NEM. Furthermore, it is shown that warm El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) episodes are associated with excess seasonal rainfall, warm seasonal land surface temperature anomalies, and reduced lengths of the NEM season. Likewise, cold ENSO episodes are likely to be related to seasonal deficit rainfall anomalies, cold land surface temperature anomalies, and increased lengths of the NEM season.

Metallic rough surface retrieval from the specular intensity of scattered optical waves

2000 ◽  
Vol 78 (11) ◽  
pp. 1023-1033
Author(s):  
Z D Genchev ◽  
H Y Stoyanov
Keyword(s):  
Rough Surface ◽  
Direct Determination ◽  
Single Scattering ◽  
Metallic Surface ◽  
Optical Intensity ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
Optical Waves ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Analytical Expressions

We present a solution to the direct determination of the statistical parameters (root mean square deviation and correlation length), characterizing the profile of a random rough metallic surface with small slopes and heights, thus producing single scattering as well as a slight multiple scattering. This is done from the specular, coherent, component of the mean intensity of the optical waves scattered from the surface. In the frame of second-order perturbation theory, analytical expressions are derived for the specular component of the scattered radiation, and a retrieval of the rough surface parameters from the measured optical intensity is described. PACS Nos.: 02.25Fx, 03.40Kf, 41.20jb, 84.40

scholarly journals Validation of the procedure: Quantification of the degradation index of Photovoltaic Grid Connection Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
Proenza Y. Roger ◽  
Camejo C. José Emilio ◽  
Ramos H. Rubén
Keyword(s):  
Mean Absolute Error ◽  
Absolute Error ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Mean Square ◽  
Degradation Index ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
Grid Connection ◽  
The Mean

The results obtained from the validation of the procedure ‟Quantification of the degradation index of Photovoltaic Grid Connection Systems” are presented, using statistical parameters, which corroborate its accuracy, achieving a coefficient of determination of 0.9896, a percentage of the root of the mean square of the error RMSPE = 1.498% and a percentage of the mean absolute error MAPE = 1.15%, evidencing the precision of the procedure.

scholarly journals Median Filter Effects on Radar Wind Profiler Spectral Noise Statistics

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (10) ◽  
pp. 2088-2093 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy L. Wilfong ◽  
Elias M. Lau ◽  
Bob L. Weber ◽  
David A. Merritt ◽  
Scott A. McLaughlin
Keyword(s):  
Refractive Index ◽  
Median Filter ◽  
Wind Profiler ◽  
Multiple Signals ◽  
Air Turbulence ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Noise Statistics ◽  
Objective Determination ◽  
Filter Effects

Abstract Radar wind profiler (RWP) systems observe radar returns from refractive index fluctuations due to clear-air turbulence. The Doppler spectra used to compute the moments of the returned signal always include noise from various sources and may contain multiple signals. A critical first step in detecting signals is the objective determination of the noise level in each spectrum. Several spectra may be averaged to improve signal detection. In addition to or instead of a mean, a median may be applied to successive spectra in order to reject transient interference. Monte Carlo simulations were used to examine the effects of the median versus the mean on the objective noise determination. When a median is used, it was found the noise statistics calculations must be slightly modified.

scholarly journals Fetal Kidney Length: Can be a New Parameter for Determination of Gestational Age in 3rd Trimester

1970 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-150
Author(s):  
Nahid Yusuf ◽  
Fauzia Moslem ◽  
Jasmine Ara Haque
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Renal Development ◽  
Additional Parameter ◽  
Objective Method ◽  
Maternal Height ◽  
Fetal Kidney ◽  
Kidney Length ◽  
The Mean ◽  
A Prospective Study

Ultrasound provides an accurate & objective method of determining fetal age in utero. A prospective study was done in 102 pregnant women after 30 weeks of pregnancy whose gestational ages were confirmed by early USG. (<24 weeks). The aim of this study was to establish a correlation between the fetal kidney length & gestational age in 3rd trimester. The mean length of fetal kidneys showed a linear correlation with gestational age. The mean fetal kidney length in mm approximates the gestational age in weeks in 3rd trimester as predicated by BPD, FL, AC & HC (P<0.001). Maternal height, weight & socioeconomic status did not show any effect on growth of fetal kidneys. The result obtained confirmed that measurement of fetal kidney length in mm can be used as an additional parameter for documentation of gestational age in 3rd trimester & also an early means of detection of abnormal renal development. doi: 10.3329/taj.v20i2.3078 TAJ 2007; 20(2): 147-150

scholarly journals Determination of Start and End of Rainy Season in the South-western Region of Sri Lanka

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
upul sonnadara
Keyword(s):  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Daily Rainfall ◽  
Western Region ◽  
The South ◽  
Start Date ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Weather Stations

Abstract Daily rainfall records for 50 years (1961 to 2010) were used to determine the start and end of rainy seasons in the south western region of Sri Lanka. The study was based on data records obtained from two weather stations in Colombo and Galle situated in the western and southern coastal belts of Sri Lanka respectively, that have two growing seasons Yala and Maha. The start and end dates were determined by using a method that is based on cumulative rainfall measured during a season. Substantial interannual variability is seen in start and end of rainy seasons in this study.For the Yala season, the mean start and end dates are in the standard weeks 12.0±2.3 and 24.1±2.0 (March 24th to June 20th) respectively. For the Maha season the mean start and end dates are in the standard weeks 35.4±2.0 and 49.6±2.0 (September 5th to December 15th) respectively. The mean duration of the rainy season for Yala and Maha are 12.1±2.6 weeks and 14.2±2.3 weeks respectively. The start date and the duration of the rainy season for both Yala and Maha are correlated, leading to early start dates resulting in longer rainy seasons. It can be concluded from this study that it is possible to use daily rainfall records to determine the mean start and end dates of rainy seasons in the south-western region of Sri Lanka.

Determination of Myocardial FFA Elimination Rates by Functional Images of Uncorrected Half-Time Values

1984 ◽  
Vol 23 (06) ◽  
pp. 277-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Van Lingen ◽  
G. Westera ◽  
M. van ◽  
W. Den Hollander ◽  
E. E. Van der Wall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Regions Of Interest ◽  
Heptadecanoic Acid ◽  
Half Time ◽  
Alternative Method ◽  
Functional Images ◽  
Functional Image ◽  
Back Ground ◽  
Objective Determination

SummaryThis paper presents an alternative method of demarcating regions of in terest over the myocardium after ad ministration of 123I-heptadecanoic acid to patients with coronary artery disea se. In a matrix of 32 × 32 pixels the elimination rates of the radioactivity, which are not corrected for back ground activity, are visualized per pixel in a functional image. The func tional image showed areas in the myocardium with high values of uncorrected elimination rates. These areas corresponded with the tracer defects on the scintigram. Corrected elimination rates obtained from re gions of interest of functional images were comparable with those of scinti grams. Thus based on functional im ages of uncorrected elimination rates a reliable, objective determination of regions of interest over normal and abnormal myocardium can be made.

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