scholarly journals Nutritional requirement of digestible threonine for brown-egg laying hens from 50 to 66 weeks of age

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 3877
Author(s):  
Ricardo Vianna Nunes ◽  
Márcia Antonia Bartolomeu Agustini ◽  
Sabrina Endo Takahashi ◽  
Alice Eiko Murakami ◽  
Cleverson De Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Nutritional Requirement ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Shell Weight ◽  
Quadratic Effect ◽  
Dietary Requirement ◽  
Randomized Design

The dietary requirement of threonine was determined for brown laying hens in the period 50-66 weeks of age, based on performance parameters and quality of eggs. For this we used 150 laying Shaver Brown hens distributed in a completely randomized design with five treatments (0.460; 0.490; 0.520; 0.550 and 0.580%) of digestible threonine, six replications and five birds each. The digestible threonine levels did not affect (p>0.05) feed intake, egg production, egg weight, egg mass or feed conversion kg kg-1, but presented a quadratic effect (p<0.05) on feed conversion dozen kg -1, where the lower conversion was obtained with a supply of 0.521% threonine in the diet. There was no effect of dietary digestible threonine levels (p>0.05) on the yolk and albumen index, specific gravity, yolk percentage, thickness or shell weight per surface area, since the variable Haugh unit displayed linear behavior (p<0.05) and increased with increasing levels of dietary threonine. The percentage of albumen and shell presented a quadratic effect (p<0.05) according to the dietary levels of threonine, and the best levels of these variables were obtained with a supply of 0.520% and 0.521% digestible threonine in the diet. The dietary requirement of threonine for laying hens, aged between 50 and 66 weeks, based on converting food kg kg-1, percentage of albumen and shell is 0.521%

scholarly journals Digestible arginine concentrations in the diet of Japanese quails

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (4Supl1) ◽  
pp. 2453 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thamírys Vianelli Maurício ◽  
José Geraldo de Vargas Júnior ◽  
Matheus Faria de Souza ◽  
Walter Amaral Barboza ◽  
Louisiane De Carvalho Nunes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
External Quality ◽  
Japanese Quails ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Haugh Unit

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different levels of arginine in the diet of Japanese quails and to determine which provides the best egg production indices. We used 400 birds with an initial average weight of 180 g at 140 days of age. These were distributed among experimental units in a randomized design. Five levels of digestible arginine were studied (1.148, 1.256, 1.364, 1.472, and 1.580%) in reference to a fixed level of digestible lysine (1.083%; for arginine to lysine ratios of 1.06, 1.16, 1.26, 1.36, and 1.46). Each treatment was replicated 10 times for a total of 50 experimental units, each with eight quails. Feed rations, leftovers, and dead animals were weighed to calculate and adjust performance parameters. The variables analyzed were: daily feed intake (DFI), egg laying rate (ER), average egg weight (EW), total egg mass (EM), feed conversion per egg mass and per dozen eggs (FCEM and FCDE), yolk, skin, and albumen weights (AYW, ASW and AAW), relative weights of yolk, albumen and shell (RYW, RAW and RSW), the Haugh unit (HU), and the percentage of eggs suitable for market (EP). The variables associated with performance and internal and external quality were not affected (P &gt; 0.05) by different levels of arginine, except for EP, which decreased linearly (P = 0.009) with increasing arginine according to the equation: ? = -3.44x + 103.13, r² = 0.94. We conclude that the best concentration of arginine in quail diets is 1.148%, corresponding to an arginine to lysine ratio of 1.06.

scholarly journals Pequi peel meal in laying hen diet

2016 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda Lapa Silva ◽  
Romênia Regina Pires Lage ◽  
Daniel Emygdio de Faria Filho ◽  
Izabela Lorena Azevedo ◽  
Adélio Nunes Dias ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Laying Hen ◽  
The Other ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

This study evaluated the effect of pequi peel meal in the diet for laying hens on performance and egg quality. Hy-Line® Brown hens (n=160) aged 55 weeks with 1642±63g body weight were distributed in a completely randomized design with five treatments and four replications of eight birds each. The treatments consisted of isometric substitution of corn by pequi peel meal at 0, 2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10%. The performance and internal and external egg quality were evaluated. Egg production, egg mass and feed conversion worsened linearly with increasing replacement of corn with pequi peel meal, while the yolk color increased linearly. The other variables related to performance and internal and external egg quality were not significantly affected by the treatments. It can be concluded that the use of pequi peel meal replacing corn in laying hen diet does not change the internal and external egg quality, improves the pigmentation of egg yolk, and impairs performance of laying hens. 

scholarly journals Feeding time under performance and eggs quality of quails in production

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 136-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle Bossolani Fernandez ◽  
Lígia Fátima Lima Calixto ◽  
Karoll Andrea Alfonso Torres-Cordido ◽  
Marina Jorge de Lemos ◽  
Cristina Kimie Togashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Feeding Time ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Coturnix Coturnix ◽  
Randomized Design

SUMMARY In order to evaluate the performance and egg quality of quails on different time feeding, One hundred ninety two Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) at 24 weeks of age were distributed in a completely randomized design with two replications and twelve treatments eight birds each. The treatments consisted of two different times of feeding at 6h and 16h. The performance was evaluated by the feed intake (g/bird/day), egg production (%), egg mass (g), feed conversion per egg mass (kg/kg ), feed conversion per dozen eggs (kg/dz) and viability (%). The egg quality was evaluated by the eggshell thickness (mm), percentage of albumen, yolk percentage and average egg weight (g). The feeding time at 16h favored the performance of Japanese quails at 26 and 34 wk of age considering egg production, egg mass and average egg weight. Thus, it is recommended to feed the quails at times that coincide with the highest egg laying intensity, which ranges from 16 to 19h.

scholarly journals Effects of Dietary Supplementation of Humic Substances on Production Parameters, Immune Status and Gut Microbiota of Laying Hens

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 744
Author(s):  
Dagmar Mudroňová ◽  
Viera Karaffová ◽  
Boris Semjon ◽  
Pavel Naď ◽  
Jana Koščová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Lymphocytes ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Production Parameters ◽  
Intestinal Contents

Despite the fact that humic substances (HS) have been frequently studied in relation to their effects on livestock health, studies on their influence on egg production and quality, immunity, and intestinal microbiota of laying hens are limited. In this study, the influence of 0.5% HS supplementation on the specific production parameters of eggshell mineral quality, immune parameters (relative expression of IgA, IGF-2, MUC-2 gene in cecum; activity of phagocytes, percentage of selected lymphocyte subpopulations in the peripheral blood), and number of lactic acid bacteria and enterobacteria in the intestinal contents in laying hens was tested. The addition of 0.5% HS to the laying hen feed had a positive effect on egg laying rate, daily egg mass, egg weight, feed conversion and eggshell quality and also had an immunostimulatory effect manifested by increased phagocyte activity and B cell response. Concurrently, an increase in the number of enterobacteria in the intestinal contents and a decrease in the proportion of T lymphocytes (p < 0.05) was observed, which can be considered as a negative effect of HS. The results confirmed that HS can be used for the improvement of egg production and targeted immunostimulation, but their effect on the intestinal microbiota and T lymphocytes should be studied in more detail.

scholarly journals Phytase and protease supplementation for laying hens in peak egg production

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (6) ◽  
pp. 4285
Author(s):  
Bruno Serpa Vieira ◽  
Silvana Alves Pedrozo Vitalino Barbosa ◽  
João Marcos Novais Tavares ◽  
Inês Gameiro Colvara Beloli ◽  
Guilherme Moreira de Mello Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intestinal Mucosa ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Negative Controls

The effects of the combination of enzymes in commercial laying hens need to be more explored in literature. To determine if the type of protease affects performance, egg quality, nutrient intake, and morphometry of intestinal mucosa of laying hens in peak egg production and fed with phytase, 780 25-weeks Hy-Line W36 hens were assigned to a completely randomized design composed of five treatments/diets (one positive control, two negative controls, and negative controls plus protease A or B), with 12 replicates of 13 birds each. There was no effect of treatments (P > 0.05) on egg production, egg mass and feed conversion, even though the nutritional restriction imposed by the negative controls reduced egg weight (P = 0.02), albumen height (P < 0.01), and Haugh unit (P < 0.01). Although inclusion of proteases in negative controls did not cause the calculated intake of protein and amino acids to return to the same amount consumed by positive-control hens, egg quality parameters returned to positive control standards with protease A. Intestinal mucosa responded to treatment only at jejunum, where birds fed with protease B showed greater (P < 0.01) villus height and crypt depth than those treated with protease A. These findings suggest that different proteases and phytases interact distinctly and, in consequence, induce different responses on the birds. Moreover, the behavior of egg quality parameters after protease A inclusion in the diet indicates that the nutritional contribution of the combination of this protease with phytase is greater than the contribution of protease alone.

scholarly journals Effects of dietary L-carnitine on the performance and egg quality of laying hens from 65–73 weeks of age

1997 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 615-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud H. Rabie ◽  
MiháLy SziláGyi ◽  
Tibor Gippert
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Shape Index ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Unit Surface Area ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Shell Weight ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Laying Performance

The effects of L-carnitine supplementation (50–500 mg/kg diet) of a practical layer diet, based on maize, soyabean and wheat, on the performance of laying hens and some indices of egg quality were studied for 8 weeks, using 65-week-old hens kept in cages. Albumen quality (albumen height and Haugh (1937) unit score) was improved, while yolk index and yolk colour score were not affected by dietary L-carnitine. The percentage of egg-white increased and that of egg yolk decreased in response to dietary supplementation of L-carnitine. Dietary L-carnitine did not influence laying performance (egg production rate, mean egg weight, daily feed intake, daily egg mass and feed conversion) or external egg quality measured by egg weight, egg-shape index or by eggshell quality, either measured directly as shell breaking strength or indirectly as shell weight, shell thickness or shell weight per unit surface area. Based on the results of the present study, L-carnitine had a beneficial effect on albumen quality and could modify the components of the edible part of the egg, during the late laying period.

scholarly journals Digestible tryptophan-to-digestible lysine ratio in diets for laying hens of 42 to 58 weeks of age

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-148
Author(s):  
Arele Arlindo CALDERANO ◽  
Paulo Cezar GOMES ◽  
Guilherme Rodrigues LELIS ◽  
Juarez Lopes DONZELE ◽  
Sérgio Luiz de Toledo BARRETO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Experimental Treatments ◽  
The Ideal

SUMMARY To determine the ideal digestible tryptophan-to-digestible lysine ratio in diets for laying hens of 42 to 58 weeks of age, 240 Hy-Line W-36 hens at 42 weeks of age were distributed in a completely randomized design with five treatments, eight replicates and six birds per experimental unit. At 42 weeks of age, the birds were subjected to experimental treatments that consisted of diets with equal amounts of nutrients, except for the digestible tryptophan level. The digestible tryptophan levels in the experimental diets were 0.149, 0.160, 0.171, 0.182 and 0.193%, generating digestible tryptophan-to-digestible lysine ratios of 21.5, 23.1, 24.6, 26.2 and 27.8%. The digestible lysine level in the diets was sub-optimal (0.694%). The same ratios between lysine and the other amino acids were maintained in all experimental diets. The ideal digestible tryptophan-to-digestible lysine ratio was estimated through the studied parameters using analysis of variance and polynomial regression analysis (α = 0.05). The digestible tryptophan-to-digestible lysine ratio in diets quadratically affected egg production, egg mass, feed conversion per egg mass and use efficiency of digestible lysine for egg mass. However, there were no effect (P>0.05) on egg weight, feed conversion per dozen eggs, use efficiency of digestible lysine for number of eggs produced, percentage of egg components and weight gain. The digestible tryptophan-to-digestible lysine ratio estimated for theses parameters ranged from 23.6 to 24.3%. The digestible tryptophan-to-digestible lysine ratio recommended in diets for laying hens of 42 to 58 weeks of age is 24.3%.

scholarly journals By-product of passion fruit seed (Passiflora edulis) in the diet of commercial laying hens

2016 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 488-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Henrique Zanetti ◽  
Alice Eiko Murakami ◽  
Mayra Diaz-Vargas ◽  
Ana Flávia Quiles Garcia Guerra ◽  
Ivan Camilo Ospina-Rojas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Oxidation ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Storage Temperature ◽  
Passion Fruit ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Two Temperatures

This study evaluated the effects of the inclusion of the by-product passion fruit seed (BPFS) in the diet of laying hens on performance, blood variables, quality, and lipid oxidation in eggs. A total of 384 Hy-line W36 layers (32 wk old) were distributed in a completely randomized design, with six treatments (control, 2.5%, 5.0%, 7.5%, 10.0%, and 12.5% inclusion of BPFS), eight replicates and eight birds each. The productive performance was evaluated for three cycles of 28 d each. There was no difference (P > 0.05) in egg production and feed conversion. However, feed intake showed increased linearly (P < 0.05). The egg weight, egg mass, percentage of eggshell, eggshell thickness, and Haugh unit did not differ (P > 0.05); however, the specific gravity of eggs increased (P < 0.05). Total cholesterol and blood triglycerides decreased linearly (P < 0.05). To evaluate the lipid yolk oxidation, a 6 × 5 × 2 factorial design (six levels of BPFS × five storage periods × two temperatures) was used. There was an interaction (P < 0.05) among the levels of BPFS, time, and storage temperature with the lowest oxidation level of 12.5% when eggs were refrigerated. The BPFS can be included at a level up to 5.0% without compromising bird performance and 12.5% for egg quality, and this level reduced yolk lipid oxidation.

scholarly journals Metabolizable energy levels for semi-heavy laying hens at the second production cycle

2009 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 857-862
Author(s):  
Fernando Guilherme Perazzo Costa ◽  
Janaine Sena da Costa ◽  
Cláudia de Castro Goulart ◽  
Denise Fontana Figueiredo-Lima ◽  
Raul da Cunha Lima Neto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Level ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Energy Levels ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Egg Mass ◽  
Feed Conversion

This study was carried out to evaluate the energy levels in the diet to obtain better performance rates and quality of eggs from laying hens in the second production cycle. One hundred and eighty Bovans Goldline laying hens with 62 weeks of age were used during four 28-day periods. A completely randomized experimental design was used with four metabolizable energy levels (2,650, 2,725, 2,800, 2,875 and 2,950 kcal/kg), each with six replicates of six birds. The energy level of diet did not affect the weight of the egg, yolk, albumen and eggshell, the percentages of yolk, albumen and eggshell, yolk color and egg specific gravity. Feed intake, egg production, egg mass and feed conversion per egg mass and per dozen eggs increased significantly with increasing levels of metabolizable energy. Feed intake decreased linearly as the energy level in the diet increased. The metabolizable energy levels showed a quadratic effect on egg production, egg mass and feed conversion per egg mass and per dozen eggs. The metabolizable energy level of 2,830 kcal/kg was the most appropriate to promote better performance and quality of eggs from laying hens in the second production cycle.

scholarly journals Fish by-product meal in diets for commercial laying hens

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 273
Author(s):  
André Ferreira Silva ◽  
Frank George Guimarães Cruz ◽  
João Paulo Ferreira Rufino ◽  
Waldo Mateus Plácido Miller ◽  
Nathália Siqueira Flor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production Cost ◽  
Egg Production ◽  
Laying Hens ◽  
Polynomial Regression ◽  
Egg Quality ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Feed Cost ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

 This study aimed to evaluate the increasing levels (0, 1, 2, 3 e 4%) of fish by-product meal in diets for laying hens on performance, egg quality and economic analysis. A total of 160 Dekalb White hens with 52-wk old were distributed in a completely randomized design with five treatments and four replicates of eight birds each. The experiment lasted 84 days divided into four periods of 21 days. Estimates of fish by-product meal levels were determined by polynomial regression. Differences (p < 0.05) were detected for all variables of performance, in egg weight, yolk and albumen percentage, yolk and albumen height, feed cost and production cost, in which the inclusion of fish by-product meal in the diets showed better results. It can be concluded that fish by-product meal can be used in diets for hens as alternative feed, with better results in egg production, feed conversion, egg weight, yolk-albumen ratio and a reduction in feed cost and production cost. 

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