scholarly journals Apparent digestibility of pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) diets containing different levels of phosphorus

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6Supl2) ◽  
pp. 4453
Author(s):  
Juliana Alice Lösch Nervis ◽  
Aldi Feiden ◽  
Evandro Bilha Moro ◽  
Marlon Casarini Moreno ◽  
Sidnei Klein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Residual Phosphorus ◽  
Piaractus Mesopotamicus ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Phosphorus Levels

The present study aimed to evaluate pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) diets and determine the apparent digestibility at different levels of phosphorus using the feces collection method with an intestinal dissection marker. A total of 320 pacu with average weights of 768.5±36.34 g were used, and they were distributed in four 5 m³ net cages. The fish were fed isonitrogenous (27%), isoenergetic (3000 kcal/kg) and isocalcium (1.50%) diets with total phosphorus levels of 0.6, 0.8, 1.0 and 1.2%. The fish were incised with lateral openings to allow for feces removal from the rectum, and the fish were then sent for carcass chemical composition analysis. Significant differences were observed (P<0.01) between treatments for the apparent diet digestibility, apparent phosphorous digestibility, available phosphorus and residual phosphorus. There was a linear decrease in apparent diet digestibility and apparent phosphorus digestibility with increasing levels of phosphorous in the diet, and the highest values were observed for the diet with 0.6% total phosphorus. For available phosphorus and residual phosphorus, there was a linear increase based on total phosphorus levels in the diet. No significant differences were observed for the chemical composition of the pacu carcasses. Therefore, the greatest digestibility of total phosphorus in the diet obtained through dissection was observed in the diet containing 0.6% total phosphorus, and the different levels of phosphorus did not influence the chemical composition of the pacu carcasses.

scholarly journals Apparent digestibility of pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) diets containing different levels of phosphorus

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6Supl2) ◽  
pp. 4453
Author(s):  
Juliana Alice Lösch Nervis ◽  
Aldi Feiden ◽  
Evandro Bilha Moro ◽  
Marlon Casarini Moreno ◽  
Sidnei Klein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Apparent Digestibility ◽  
Residual Phosphorus ◽  
Piaractus Mesopotamicus ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Phosphorus Levels

<p>The present study aimed to evaluate pacu (<em>Piaractus mesopotamicus</em>) diets and determine the apparent digestibility at different levels of phosphorus using the feces collection method with an intestinal dissection marker. A total of 320 pacu with average weights of 768.5±36.34 g were used, and they were distributed in four 5 m³ net cages. The fish were fed isonitrogenous (27%), isoenergetic (3000 kcal/kg) and isocalcium (1.50%) diets with total phosphorus levels of 0.6, 0.8, 1.0 and 1.2%. The fish were incised with lateral openings to allow for feces removal from the rectum, and the fish were then sent for carcass chemical composition analysis. Significant differences were observed (P&lt;0.01) between treatments for the apparent diet digestibility, apparent phosphorous digestibility, available phosphorus and residual phosphorus. There was a linear decrease in apparent diet digestibility and apparent phosphorus digestibility with increasing levels of phosphorous in the diet, and the highest values were observed for the diet with 0.6% total phosphorus. For available phosphorus and residual phosphorus, there was a linear increase based on total phosphorus levels in the diet. No significant differences were observed for the chemical composition of the pacu carcasses. Therefore, the greatest digestibility of total phosphorus in the diet obtained through dissection was observed in the diet containing 0.6% total phosphorus, and the different levels of phosphorus did not influence the chemical composition of the pacu carcasses. </p>

scholarly journals Evaluation of Transplant Fertility of Short-day Onions in Southeast Georgia

HortScience ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 651-655
Author(s):  
George E. Boyhan ◽  
Reid L. Torrance ◽  
David E. Curry ◽  
Pamela M. Lewis ◽  
Donna O. Linton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Residual Phosphorus ◽  
High Phosphorus ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilizers ◽  
Linear Effects ◽  
Plant Stand ◽  
Tissue Nitrogen ◽  
Phosphorus Levels ◽  
Tissue Phosphorus

Preplant levels of 5N-4.4P-12.4K (-5S or -9S) and sidedress applications of CaNO3 were evaluated in onion (Allium cepa L.). In addition, high phosphorus fertilizers 18N-20.1P-0K (diammonium phosphate) and liquid 10N-14.8P-0K were evaluated on sites with and without high residual phosphorus levels as well as their interaction with onion cultivars. Sidedress applications of CaNO3 had a significant effect on plant height and an interaction with preplant 5N-4.4P-12.4K fertilizer. There was a linear increase in plant height with increasing applications of 5N-4.4P-12.4K from 0 to 1569 kg·ha-1 with the CaNO3 applications. Neither 5N-4.4P-12.4K nor CaNO3 applications affected stand count. 5N-4.4P-12.4K fertilizer had significant linear effects on tissue potassium and sulfur. Tissue nitrogen and calcium increased with CaNO3 applications while phosphorus, potassium, and sulfur decreased. CaNO3 also had a positive effect on suitability for transplanting. There was an interaction effect between 5N-4.4P-12.4K and CaNO3 for tissue phosphorus levels. There was a linear decrease in tissue phosphorus levels with increasing amounts of 5N-4.4P-12.4K fertilizer with the sidedress CaNO3 treatments. High phosphorus fertilizers applied directly after seeding had no effect on plant stand or plant height either on soils with or without high residual phosphorus in 1998. In 1999, 10N-14.8P-0K fertilizer had a significant effect on plant height while 18N-20.1P-0K did not. Based on this study, we conclude that additional applications of high phosphorus fertilizers applied post seeding are not required due to the relatively warm conditions found in southeast Georgia in September. There were differences between cultivars, but cultivar× high phosphorus fertilizer interactions were nonsignificant.

scholarly journals Available phosphorus levels in diets for swine from 15 to 30 kg genetically selected for meat deposition

2009 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 307-313 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alysson Saraiva ◽  
Juarez Lopes Donzele ◽  
Rita Flávia Miranda de Oliveira ◽  
Márvio Lobão Teixeira de Abreu ◽  
Francisco Carlos de Oliveira Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Linear Increase ◽  
Maximum Response ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Daily Intakes ◽  
Phosphorus Levels

With the objective to evaluate available phosphorus levels in diets for swine genetically selected for meat deposition, sixty commercial hybrid pigs were used, being 30 castrate males and 30 females, with initial weight of 15.00 ± 0.41 kg, distributed in a completely randomized experimental design, with six treatments, five replications and two animals (1 male and 1 female) per experimental unit. The treatments were composed of a basal diet and other five diets obtained through basal diet supplementation with dicalcium phosphate to obtain six AP levels (0.114; 0.221; 0.328; 0.435; 0.542 and 0.649%). The available phosphorus levels promoted a linear increase in the daily feed intake. Daily weight gain and feed conversion showed a quadratic behavior according to AP levels, with the maximum response at 0.509 and 0.477% of AP in the diet, respectively. Bone strength and bone calcium and phosphorus contents also presented a quadratic behavior according to AP levels, with maximum response at 0.529; 0.619 and 0.596% of AP levels in the diet, respectively. There was no effect of the AP levels in the diets on the bone ash content. The best weight gain and feed conversion observe for castrated male and female pigs from 15 to 30 kg, genetically selected for meat deposition, is provided by 0.509 and 0.477% of available phosphorus levels, respectively, corresponding to daily intakes of 6.39 and 5.93 grams of available phosphorus.

Application of near-infrared spectroscopy for basil chemical composition analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 (12) ◽  
pp. 152-156
Author(s):  
Olga V. Eliseeva ◽  
◽  
Alexander F. Eliseev ◽  
Sergey L. Belopukhov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Light Flux ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Different Levels

The near infrared spectroscopy method investigated the chemical composition of fragrance basil plants (Ocimum basilicum) with green leaf colour, the Stella variety, which is a green culture with a short period of vegetation. The lighting was carried out using 400 W arc sodium mirror lamps (DNaZ 400), with a light flux of 46 thousand. Lm, whose spectrum is predominantly orange-red light (650 nm), is most effective for photosynthesis. The level of illumination when growing basil was 10 thousand and 15 thousand lk. The longitude of the day, taking into account the lighting, was 16 hours. In the above-ground portion of the basil plants, the protein, fiber, lipid, ash and starch content was determined by near infrared spectroscopy on an infrared SpectraStar XT analyzer, model 1400ХТ-3, full scanning range 1400-2600 nm. The increase in illumination stimulated photosynthetic activity and the synthesis of assimilates, achieving, at a certain level of illumination, an equilibrium state between the amount of CO2 absorbed and released. Basil plants have been shown to react differently to different levels of illumination. Using BIC spectroscopy, it was found that with increased illumination, the protein content of basil plants decreased from 23.4% at 10,000 lx to 20.1% at 15,000 lx, and the starch content increased from 30.1% at 10,000 lx to 43.7% at 15,000 lx. The content of basil in plants at different levels of illumination of such indicators as fat, ash and fiber remained at the same level and amounted to 3.06, respectively; 8.51 and 26.4% at 10 thousand lx and 2.80; 8.08 and 26.5% at 15 thousand lux.

Spatial and Temporal Water Quality Trends in Severn Sound, Georgian Bay, since the Introduction of Phosphorus Control Guidelines: Nutrients and Phytoplankton, 1973 to 1991

1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 565-592 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.F. Gemza
Keyword(s):  
Total Phosphorus ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plant ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Soluble Reactive Phosphorus ◽  
Euphotic Zone ◽  
Water Clarity ◽  
Sewage Treatment Plants ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Phosphorus Levels

Abstract Severn Sound continues to exhibit signs of eutrophication despite initial identification of the problem in 1969 and the construction of several sewage treatment plants since then. In general, improvements in trophic state indicators have been marginal, suggesting that the sewage treatment plants have had limited success in controlling phosphorus concentrations. These discharges likely contributed to the increased total phosphorus levels and consequently the higher phytoplankton densities of the nearshore waters. Phytoplankton biovolumes were on average one order of magnitude higher than in the open waters of Lake Huron with mean summer biovolumes as high as 8.0 mm/L. Algal biovolumes were most dense in Penetang Bay, which experienced limited exchange with the main waters of the sound. No significant long-term trends were observed. Water clarity was declining significantly, however, at a rate of -0.60 to -0.78 m/year throughout the sound except in Sturgeon Bay. Total phosphorus levels were highly variable from year to year; however, concentrations from a 20-year perspective were declining in the open waters at a rate of 0.70 µg/L/year, but response was limited in nearshore areas. In Sturgeon Bay, mean annual euphotic zone total phosphorus as well as soluble reactive phosphorus levels declined by as much as 50% following the construction of a sewage treatment plant with tertiary treatment. Phytoplankton genera typical of eutrophic waters continued to dominate the algal assemblage but members indicative of mesotrophic conditions have become apparent in some areas of the sound.

scholarly journals Dietary metabolizable energy, digestible lysine, available phosphorus levels and exogenous enzymes affect broiler chicken performance

animal ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 100206
Author(s):  
P. Cozannet ◽  
R. Davin ◽  
M. Jlali ◽  
J. Jachacz ◽  
A. Preynat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Exogenous Enzymes ◽  
Phosphorus Levels

scholarly journals Correction: Yu, D.Q., et al. Microscopic Characteristic and Chemical Composition Analysis of Three Medicinal Plants and Surface Frosts. Molecules 2019, 24, 4548

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 379
Author(s):  
Da Qing Yu ◽  
Xiao Jing Han ◽  
Ting Yu Shan ◽  
Rui Xu ◽  
Jin Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Microscopic Characteristic ◽  
Chemical Composition Analysis

The authors would like to correct an error in the title paper [...]

Chemical composition analysis of carbohydrate fragmentation products

2021 ◽  
Vol 156 ◽  
pp. 105112
Author(s):  
Samin Fathalinejad ◽  
Esben Taarning ◽  
Peter Christensen ◽  
Jan H. Christensen
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Chemical Composition Analysis

Research on Process Mineralogy of Potassium-Rich Shale

2010 ◽  
Vol 158 ◽  
pp. 197-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Liu ◽  
Yue Xin Han ◽  
Wan Zhong Yin
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Mineral Composition ◽  
Potassium Feldspar ◽  
Composition Analysis ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Dsc Analyses ◽  
Process Mineralogy ◽  
Mineral Compositions ◽  
Chemical Composition Analysis

The process mineralogy of potassium-rich shale from Chaoyang of Liaoning, China, was studied. Research results showed there are much less variety and smaller quantities in mineral compositions. Calculated mineral composition by means of chemical composition analysis combined with XRD, MLA, IR and TG-DSC analyses showed that main minerals with were Potassium-feldspar, muscovite, biotite and illite, and gangue minerals were quartz and small amounts of hematite. Potassium-rich minerals such as potassium-feldspar and muscovite contact smoothly with quartz respectively, and there was the direction arrangement among potassium-feldspar, quartz and muscovite in the shale. And quartz and hematite were main cement in the shale. The influences of the research results on the potassium extraction from potassium-rich shale were distinct.

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