scholarly journals Pre-soaking with gibberellin in sweet corn seed lots with different levels of vigor

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 539-552
Author(s):  
Jéssica de Lucena Marinho ◽  
◽  
Altamara Viviane de Souza Sartori ◽  
Evandro João Rodrigues ◽  
José Henrique Bizzarri Bazzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Cold Test ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Corn Seed ◽  
Normal Seedling ◽  
Field Emergence ◽  
Student’S T

The poor longevity and performance of sweet corn seeds justify the adoption of practices that enhance their quality, such as pre-soaking. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of pre-soaking with gibberellin on the physiological potential of two sweet corn seed lots with contrasting vigor levels under ideal and water-deficit conditions. Initially, the seed lots were characterized for germination and physiological potential through first count, germination, accelerated aging, cold test, normal seedling length, normal seedling dry mass, field emergence, emergence speed index, and tetrazolium test. Subsequently, the seeds were pre-soaked with water and 0.4 and 0.8 g L−1 gibberellic acid, in addition to the control (without pre-soaking), randomly in a 2×4 factorial scheme with four replications. Then, the moisture content, first count, germination, field emergence, and emergence speed index of the seeds were evaluated under conditions of simulated water deficiency. The data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance and comparison of means, using Tukey’s test and Student’s t-test, for comparisons between treatments and lots, respectively. Pre-soaking favored germination speed and percentage in sweet corn seeds, particularly under water-deficit conditions. Pre-soaking the most vigorous lot with water and the least vigorous lot with 0.4 g L−1 gibberellic acid favored the physiological performance.

scholarly journals Assessment of the physiological potential of super sweet corn seeds

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 340-346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Oliveira Alvarenga ◽  
Julio Marcos-Filho ◽  
Tathiana Silva Timóteo
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Cold Test ◽  
Seed Vigor ◽  
Corn Seed ◽  
Control Programs ◽  
Seedling Length

The assessment of physiological potential is essential in seed quality control programs. This study compared the sensitivity of different procedures for evaluating super sweet corn seed vigor, focusing on the primary root protrusion test. Six seed lots, each of the SWB 551 and SWB 585 hybrids, were used. Seed physiological potential was evaluated by germination and vigor tests (speed of germination, traditional and saturated salt accelerated aging, cold test, seedling length, seedling emergence and primary root protrusion). Primary root protrusion was evaluated every 12 hours at 15 °C, 20 °C and 25 °C using two criteria (primary root protrusion and seedlings at the 2 mm root stage). It was concluded that the primary root protrusion test at 15 °C can evaluate super sweet corn seed vigor by counting the number of seedlings at the 2 mm root stage.

scholarly journals Germination of melon seeds under water and thermal stress

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 440-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Teixeira Pinheiro ◽  
Denise Cunha Fernandes dos Santos Dias ◽  
Joyce de Oliveira Araújo
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stress ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Cold Test ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Peg 6000 ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Melon Seeds

Abstract: Seeds vigor can influence seed performance under stress conditions. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of water and thermal stress on germination and performance of melon seedlings, and to verify if germination under stress conditions is an efficient parameter to evaluate the vigor of these seeds. Four lots of ‘Golden Mine’ melon had their initial quality characterized by germination, first count, accelerated aging and seedling emergence tests. Germination under water stress was performed on a paper moistened with PEG 6000 solution at 0.06, -0.3, -0.6 and -0.9 MPa. The percentage and speed of germination, length and dry mass of the seedlings were evaluated. For the thermal stress experiment, cold test and germination at sub- (15 ºC) and supra-optimal (35 ºC) temperatures were performed, as well as at the ideal temperature (25 ºC). The germination of melon seeds under water stress induced by PEG 6000 at -0.3 and -0.6 MPa is an efficient method to detect differences in the physiological potential of lots of melon seeds, but these differences disappear under severe water stress (-0.9 MPa). Germination under sub-optimal temperatures also allows to identify differences in seeds performance and to classify them according to the vigor level.

scholarly journals Osmoprotection in Salvia hispanica L. seeds under water stress attenuators

2022 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Costa ◽  
E. P. Paiva ◽  
S. B. Torres ◽  
M. L. Souza Neta ◽  
K. T. O. Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Water Stress ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Primary Root ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Salvia Hispanica

Abstract Salvia hispanica cultivation is recent in Brazil and occurs in the off-season, when there is lower water availability in the soil. Water deficit is one of the abiotic factors that most limit germination for compromising the sequence of metabolic events that culminate with seedling emergence. Several attenuating substances have been used to mitigate the effects resulting from this stress and give higher tolerance to the species. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the action of different agents as water stress attenuators in the germination and accumulation of organic compounds in S. hispanica seedlings. The treatments consisted of pre-soaking the seeds for 4 hours in salicylic acid (1 mM.L-1), gibberellic acid (0.4 mM.L-1), distilled water and control treatment (without soaking). The seeds were germinated at osmotic potentials of 0.0, -0.1, -0.2, -0.3 and -0.4 MPa, using PEG 6000 as an osmotic agent. The variables germination percentage, germination speed index, shoot and primary root lengths, total dry mass, proline, total soluble sugars and total free amino acids were analyzed. Salicylic acid and gibberellic acid led to the best results among the attenuators tested, increasing germination, length, dry mass and biochemical components of S. hispanica seedlings under water deficit. Therefore, salicylic and gibberellic acids are efficient in mitigating water stress in S. hispanica seeds up to the potential of -0.4 MPa.

scholarly journals MANAGEMENT OF GLYPHOSATE-RESISTANT HAIRY FLEABANE AND CONTRIBUTION OF THE PHYSIOLOGICAL POTENTIAL OF SEEDS TO RESISTANCE

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-79
Author(s):  
TIAGO EDU KASPARY ◽  
FABIANE PINTO LAMEGO ◽  
CRISTIANO BELLÉ ◽  
ADALIN CEZAR MORAES DE AGUIAR ◽  
LUAN CUTTI
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Stages ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Cold Test ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Adverse Conditions ◽  
Ammonium Glufosinate ◽  
Conyza Bonariensis ◽  
Chlorimuron Ethyl ◽  
And Control ◽  
Hairy Fleabane

ABSTRACT Hairy fleabane (Conyza bonariensis L.) is a major weed of the conventional crop systems. Therefore, the objectives of the present study were to assess the responses of glyphosate-susceptible (S) and -resistant (R) C. bonariensis at various developmental stages and evaluate the physiological potential of seeds to propose alternative herbicides for the control of this weed. Two experiments were performed in replicates. The first experiment was performed in a greenhouse, arranged in a 2 x 3 x 10 factorial design. Specifically, two hairy fleabane biotypes (S and R) at different developmental stages (I, II, and III) were subjected to various treatments (glyphosate, chlorimuron-ethyl, metsulfuron-methyl, diclosulam, ammonium glufosinate, paraquat, paraquat+diuron, diquat, 2,4-D, and control). Percentage control was evaluated at 7, 14, 21, and 28 days after the application of the treatments (DAT), and shoot dry mass (SDM) was measured at 28 DAT. The second experiment was performed in a laboratory to evaluate the physiological potential of seeds based on the weight of 1000 seeds (TSW); shoot length (SL), radicle length (RL), total length (TL), fresh seedling mass (FSM), dry seedling mass (DSM), accelerated aging (AA) and cold test (CT), and germination (G) in response to cold and accelerated aging. The alternative herbicides tested effectively controlled biotype R up to the stage -I. Seeds of biotype R showed higher physiological potential in terms of all analyzed variables and exhibited greater tolerance to adverse conditions during seedling establishment. Therefore, strategies for the management of glyphosate-resistant hairy fleabane should aim at preventing new seed production.

scholarly journals Chemical treatment and size of corn seed on physiological and sanitary quality during storage

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Marcelle de Jesus Silva ◽  
Renzo Garcia Von Pinho ◽  
Édila Vilela de Resende Von Pinho ◽  
Renato Mendes de Oliveira ◽  
Heloísa Oliveira dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Treatment ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Cold Test ◽  
Corn Seed ◽  
Pirimiphos Methyl ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Effect Of Treatment

Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of treatment with insecticides and fungicides on the physiological quality of corn seeds, classified in sizes, in different periods of storage. Seeds of the hybrid BM915 PRO, classified in two sizes (CH20/64 and CH24/64), were treated with a mixture of carbendazim + thiram (Derosal Plus®), pirimiphos methyl (Actellic®), deltamethrin (K-obiol®), and water (standard treatment). In addition to the standard treatment adopted by the company, treatments with clothianidin (Poncho®), thiamethoxam (Cruizer®), and fipronil (Shelter®) were added to the spray mixture. The seeds were stored in a non-climate-controlled environment in multi-ply paper packages. The physiological quality of the seeds was evaluated every ninety days over a period of 270 days by the germination test, cold test, and accelerated aging. Sanitary quality was also evaluated through the Blotter test. The physiological quality of seeds of the hybrid BM915 PRO is maintained up to ninety days of storage, regardless of the chemical treatment used and the size of the seeds. The addition of the insecticide to the standard treatment used in chemical seed treatment does not affect the action of the fungicides on the fungi in the seeds.

scholarly journals Field Emergence of shrunken-2 Corn Predicted by Single- and Multiple-vigor Laboratory Tests

1995 ◽  
Vol 120 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos A. Parera ◽  
Daniel J. Cantliffe ◽  
Peter J. Stoffella ◽  
Brian T. Scully
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Cold Test ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Complex Stress ◽  
Acid Decarboxylase ◽  
Decarboxylase Activity ◽  
Germination Test ◽  
Field Emergence

Poor emergence and seedling vigor are common characteristics of many sweet corn (Zea mays L.) cultivars with the shrunken-2 (sh2) mutant endosperm. A rapid and reliable predictor of sweet corn seed field emergence would improve the potential for high quality crops. Field emergence of seven sh2 sweet corn cultivars grown at seven environments in Florida were correlated with laboratory vigor tests. Factor analysis was used to separate noncollinear vigor tests for subsequent multiple regression models. The best single predictor test (R2 = 0.93***) was an index based on leachate conductivity and germination percentage after a complex stress vigor test involving incubation at 15C. Leachate conductivity after 3 h soaking at 25 or 30C (R2 = 0.9W***), soil cold test (R2 = 0.9***), alternate temperature stress conductivity test (R2 = 0.88***), standard germination test at 30C (R2 = 0.88***), and an index involving incubation at 25C (R2 = 0.88***) were also good predictors of field emergence. Noncollinear tests including the towel germination test at 25 C and an alternate temperature stress conductivity test resulted in the best two factor predictor (r2 = 0.89***), and with glutamic acid decarboxylase activity (GADA) was the best three factor predictor (r2 = 0.93***). The index of conductivity and complex vigor test (ICS) evaluated seed membrane integrity and potential for pathogen infection, respectively, and can be considered as major factors affecting emergence in sh2 sweet corn.

scholarly journals Treating Shrunken-2 Sweet Corn Seed with Fungicide Infused via Acetone

HortScience ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 340-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia E. Hung ◽  
Vincent A. Fritz ◽  
Thor Kommedahl ◽  
Albert H. Markhart ◽  
Luther Waters
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Fusarium Moniliforme ◽  
Sweet Corn ◽  
Cold Test ◽  
Sterile Soil ◽  
Corn Seed ◽  
Seedborne Fungi

Experiments were conducted to determine if the fungicide imazalil infused into shrunken-2 sweet corn (Zea mays L. var. rugosa Bonaf.) seed via acetone could protect against soil- and seedborne fungi enough to improve germination and vigor. `Florida Staysweet' and `Crisp-n-Sweet 710' seeds were infused for 0.25 hours with 1% or 2% (w/w) imazalil-acetone (LA) solutions, air-dried, and subjected to a modified laboratory seedling growth cold test using sterile soil or soil inoculated with Fusarium moniliforme Sheldon. Both IA concentrations significantly reduced the incidence of diseased seedlings in soil inoculated with F. moniliforme when compared to nontreated controls. Neither treatment significantly reduced the incidence of seedborne fungi. Chemical name used: 1-[2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(2-propenyloxy)ethyl-H-imidazole (imazalil).

scholarly journals Effects of water deficit and pH on seed germination and seedling development in Cereus jamacaru

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 1379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thiago Alberto Ortiz ◽  
Mariana Ragassi Urbano ◽  
Lúcia Sadayo Assari Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Osmotic Potential ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Seedling Development ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Normal Seedling ◽  
Mean Germination Time ◽  
Species Adaptability ◽  
Binomial Models

The lack of water and soil acidity are current problems occurring in many regions around the globe. Therefore, it is essential to investigate the effects of seed germination and seedling development, in order to determine the species adaptability to the ever-changing environment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of water deficit and pH on seed germination and seedling development in Cereus jamacaru. A completely randomized experiment was performed. A factorial scheme of 6 × 7, corresponding to six osmotic potential values (0.0, -0.2, -0.4, -0.6, -0.8, and -1.0 MPa) induced by PEG 6000, and seven pH levels (3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9) with four replications was used. The variables analyzed were germination (G), germination speed index (GSI), mean germination time (MGT), normal seedling (NS), root length (RL), shoot length (ShL), seedling length (SL), and seedling dry mass (SDM). The statistical analysis included ANOVA and binomial models (G and NS), regression models with quadratic terms (GSI and MGT), and response surface method (ShL and SL) for the variables with at least one significant factor (p < 0.05). C. jamacaru showed susceptibility to water deficit at seed germination and seedling development stages, indicated by the decreases in G, GSI, NS, ShL, and SL at osmotic potential below to 0.0 MPa. The pH interaction with osmotic potential affected C. jamacaru seedling development. The increase in pH was favorable for seedling development, but not for seed germination.

scholarly journals Accelerated Aging Test in Thyme Seeds (Thymus vulgaris L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 32
Author(s):  
Flávia Mendes dos Santos Lourenço ◽  
Marco Eustáquio de Sá ◽  
Oscar Mitsuo Yamashita ◽  
Vinícius Martins Silva ◽  
Juliana Trindade Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exposure Time ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Cold Test ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Thymus Vulgaris ◽  
Aging Period ◽  
Accelerated Aging Test ◽  
Aging Test

Evaluating seed quality with precision and accuracy is one of the priorities for obtaining high quality material. This study aimed to evaluate whether the variations in the performance of the accelerated aging test, in terms of exposure time and temperature, in the traditional form or in saline solution, would result in an efficient combination to evaluate the physiological quality of thyme seeds (Thymus vulgaris L.). The seeds were submitted to the tests of total germination, germination speed index, first germination count, seedlings emergence, seedling length, seedling dry mass, cold test, electrical conductivity, variations in the conduction of the accelerated aging test and the water content of the seeds was performed after each accelerated aging period. The treatments were the combination of temperatures (36, 38, 40 and 42 ºC), exposure time (24, 36, 48 and 72 hours) and two procedures (traditional and saline), with four replications for each batch. Traditional accelerated aging test at 42 ºC and 24 hours of exposure time, and saline solution accelerated aging test at 38 ºC and 24 hours of exposure time showed sensibility to evaluate physiological potential for thyme seed. For both saline solution and traditional accelerated aging test, the exposition time of 24 hours was efficient to evaluate physiological potential of thyme seeds.

scholarly journals Physiological Quality of Carioca Bean Seeds Submitted to the Application of Desiccant Herbicides in Two Periods

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.T. CASTOLDI ◽  
L.L. RADUNZ ◽  
L. GALON ◽  
I. ASPIAZÚ ◽  
C.T. FORTE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Accelerated Aging ◽  
Cold Test ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Average Dose ◽  
Ammonium Glufosinate ◽  
Physiological Quality

ABSTRACT: The use of herbicides for bean crop desiccation aiming seed production, is an alternative management because it allows harvesting when the seeds present high vigor, germination and dry mass, however this technique can cause damages to the seeds. The objective of this study was to evaluate the physiological quality of bean seeds, of the Carioca type, with the application of desiccant herbicides doses at different periods, aiming at the anticipation of the harvest. The bean plants, Pérola cultivar, were desiccated when the seeds had 42 and 30% water content, with ammonium glufosinate, saflufenacil and diquat at doses of 0, 50, 75 and 100% in relation to the recommended average dose for desiccation, respectively for each of the herbicides. The control treatment without desiccant application was harvested on the same date as desiccation. The additional treatment, also without desiccant application, was harvested only when the seeds had a water content of 18%. The variables analyzed were germination, first germination count, germination speed index, cold test, accelerated aging, seedling and radicle length, and dry mass. The herbicides applied in the first period (42% water), at the highest doses, impair the physiological quality of the seeds, and the seeds with water contents of 30 and 42%, without the use of desiccants, promote high vigor and germination. Satisfactory results were obtained when the saflufenacil herbicide was applied in period 2 (30% water), using 50% of the recommended average dose of this herbicide.

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