scholarly journals Influence of architectural and planning solutions on fire risk in public buildings

Technobius ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 0005
Author(s):  
Alizhan Kazkeyev ◽  
Auyezova Ulpan
Keyword(s):  
Fire Resistance ◽  
Simulation Modeling ◽  
Software Package ◽  
Input Data ◽  
Fire Risk ◽  
Office Building ◽  
Public Buildings ◽  
Door Opening ◽  
At Will

This article is devoted to the study of the influence of architectural and planning solutions on fire risk in public buildings. The calculation and assessment of fire risk was carried out on the example of one floor of a conditional office building with a free layout, where the tenant himself can change it at will. The input data for the calculation were two different layouts of the same floor, while the total square footage remained unchanged. As a calculation tool used the software package FireCat, which includes the programs Pyrosim, Pathfinder and FireRisk. The calculation took into account parameters such as the degree of fire resistance of the building, the number of rooms, the width and direction of door opening, the number of people on one floor of the building, including various mobility groups. Simulation modeling allowed to compare architectural and planning solutions for the same building and choose the best layout in terms of individual fire risk.

Process simulation modeling of phytophagans' influence on the yield of seed fruit crops

2019 ◽  
pp. 138-143
Author(s):  
V. A. Shishkin ◽  
E. P. Rybalkin ◽  
E. B. Balykina
Keyword(s):  
Process Simulation ◽  
Simulation Modeling ◽  
Software Package ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Simulation Models ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Fruit Crops ◽  
Generational Change ◽  
Apple Trees ◽  
Nonlinear Characteristics

Simulation modeling of phytophagans’ influence on the yield of seed fruit crops, in particular apple trees, was carried out. By means of simulation models the importance of phytophagans’ influence at different stages of the vegetation period and the period of fruit ripening was revealed. The software package Matlab was used to build simulation models. As a result, simulation models with nonlinear characteristics were obtained, which maximally reflected the studied processes. The developed models imitate the process of phytophagans’ development. Generation change of pests and all stages of their development are simulated. Their respective numbers are recorded at each stage for all generations. The development process at each stage is modeled by separate subsystems of the simulation model. To simulate the development of one generation of pests, these subsystems are connected by external links. In addition, part of the relationships provides a simulation of generational change. There are a number of input parameters that allow to configure the simulation of the process of changing generations, taking into account the peculiarities of the development of various phytophagans.

scholarly journals FIRE RISKS OF PUBLIC BUILDINGS

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (444) ◽  
pp. 75-82
Author(s):  
Sergiy Yemelyanenko ◽  
◽  
Andriy Ivanusa ◽  
Roman Yakovchuk ◽  
Andriy Kuzyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Statistical Methods ◽  
Analytical Methods ◽  
Fire Risk ◽  
Public Buildings ◽  
Normative Documents ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Public Facilities ◽  
Color Scale

The complex research method is used in the work, which includes: analysis and generalization of scientific achievements in the field of fire safety, application and processing of statistical data; application as analytical methods of research by collecting, generalizing and analyzing the current normative documents of the State Emergency Service of Ukraine and statistical methods of probability theory, geospatial, mathematical modeling, methods of system analysis. Research Object: The risk of death from fire in public buildings and structures. The purpose of the work is risk evaluation of death from fires in public buildings. Research methods. The complex method of researches is used in the work, which includes: analysis and application of statistical methods of data processing, verification of reliability of the obtained results, mathematical modeling and other analytical methods. The concept of the risk is described in the article and the main normative documents are outlined that treat them. The basic methods and methods of risk assessment for public buildings are analyzed. Fire risk assessment is the calculation of individual fire risk for residents, staff and visitors in a public building. The numerical expression of an individual fire risk is the frequency of exposure of hazardous fire factors to a person in a building or structure. The frequency of exposure to hazardous fire factors is determined for fire-hazardous situations, which are characterized by the greatest danger to the life and health of people in the building. The CFAST program simulated the occurrence of limit concentrations of hazardous factors during fires for two typical public buildings. It is also suggested how to evaluate the results on a specific color scale that allows you to create risk maps for visualization. The draft methodology proposes to consider the follow-up time of fire and rescue units when determining the evacuation time. The main methods and methodologies of risk assessment for buildings and public facilities have been analyzed. For two facilities, the risk of death from fire in buildings and facilities has been estimated. The results of evaluation have been suggested in a color scale, which allows creating maps to visualize the risks. The simulation of the limit concentrations of hazardous factors during the fires for two typical public facilities has been done in CFAST software. Mapping the risks of death from a fire in the appropriate group in the appropriate colors allows you to build a map of the risks of death from a fire and fire and rescue workers know the possible risks and dangers of the objects. The start time of the evacuation, in the absence of warning systems, is determined depending on the time the fire and rescue units follow to the fire site. The proposed calculation methodology and visualization tools allow the rescuer, who makes the decision, to comprehensively assess the situation during the design and to avoid the possible consequences of an emergency, which will increase the level of security.

scholarly journals Fire resistance of concrete lining in road tunnels

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meri Cvetkovska ◽  
Zlatko Slavoljub Zafirovski ◽  
Marijana Lazarevska ◽  
Ana Trombeva Gavriloska
Keyword(s):  
Fire Resistance ◽  
Numerical Procedure ◽  
Fire Risk ◽  
Concrete Lining ◽  
Road Tunnel ◽  
Road Tunnels ◽  
Tunnel Design ◽  
Fire Curve ◽  
The Impact

Fire is an incidental load on structures. Experience has shown that in the event of a fire, extremely high temperatures are developed, as a result of which very often a colapse of the tunnel bearing structure happens, usually caused by spalling of concrete. Road tunnel fires are usually caused by vehicles using the tunnel, but can also be caused by exidants, technical breakdowns in tunnel equipment or improper tunnel maintenance. The intensity and frequency of fires in the tunnels are function of several factors such as: length and geometry of the tunnel, density and type of traffic, vehicle speed, slope, availability of ventilation equipment and so on. All of these factors define the fire risk. Based on the defined fire risk, known fire load and location of the fire, it is possible to define the fire curve that defines the temperature in the tunnel versus time. Several fire curves, usually used in EU countries, will be described in this paper, the fire curves characteristics will be defined and the most proper fire curve for typical tunnel, as case study, will be recomended. In the framework of this paper, a methodology for fire resistance analysis of road tunnels, based on the performance, is elaborated. A numerical procedure for defining the behavior of the tunnel lining in case of nominal fire curve (standard fire) is described and applied on one case study. The impact of the fire on the stress-strain state of the concrete structure of a tunnel is analyzed and measures for proper tunnel design in terms of increasing the fire resistance is proposed.

scholarly journals AN INTENSIVE METHODOLOGY FOR DESIGNING NEAR ZERO ENERGY PUBLIC BUILDINGS IN EGYPT, OFFICE BUILDING AS A CASE STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 447-467
Author(s):  
Rania Fouad Ismail ◽  
Zeinab Mohamed ElRazaz ◽  
Nasreen Fathy Abdelsalam
Keyword(s):  
Office Building ◽  
Zero Energy ◽  
Public Buildings

scholarly journals Investigation of Fire Effect of Reinforced Aerated Wall (ACC) System Produced by Using Sustainable Construction Material

2021 ◽  
Vol 1203 (2) ◽  
pp. 022060
Author(s):  
Pinar Usta ◽  
Başak Zengin
Keyword(s):  
Fire Resistance ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Fire Risk ◽  
Sustainable Construction ◽  
Industrial Facilities ◽  
Concrete Panels ◽  
Panel Model ◽  
Fire Resistance Test ◽  
Building Systems ◽  
Aerated Concrete

Abstract Reinforced Aerated Concrete panel building systems are preferred as wall elements in residences and industrial facilities due to their advantages. The signal issue encountered in industrial facilities is caused by fires that occur. Fire resistance of sustainably reinforced aerated concrete panels was investigated. The wall G3/05 class reinforced panel model to be used for the test was preferred. The panel wall has been subjected to a 120-minute fire resistance test. In this process, 1050 C° temperature was measured on the surface exposed to flames, while the wall temperature was read 50 C° on the other surface, and the heat temperature increased to 70 C° only at the panel joints. The data obtained from showed that the reinforced aerated concrete panels maintain their integrity under fire and resistant to high temperatures. These data that reinforced aerated concrete systems should be preferred, in buildings with human population and high fire risk.

scholarly journals SIMULATION AND MATHEMATICAL MODELING OF AUTOMOBILE TRAFFIC BY MEANS OF ANYLOGIC AND STATISTICA

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anton Holkin ◽  
Aleksandr Pavlov
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Simulation Model ◽  
Simulation Modeling ◽  
Software Package ◽  
Simulation Experiment ◽  
Model Optimization ◽  
Road Section ◽  
The City

This article describes a simulation model of a road section in the city of Kazan, created using the AnyLogic simulation modeling system. The process of creating a simulation model, optimization by AnyLogic SIM tools is described, a mathematical model of the flow of cars is constructed based on the results of a simulation experiment using the STATISTICA 10 software package.

scholarly journals Analysis of selected input data impact on energy demand in office building - case study

2018 ◽  
Vol 222 ◽  
pp. 01015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Sinacka ◽  
Katarzyna Ratajczak
Keyword(s):  
Shape Factor ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Input Data ◽  
Internal Heat ◽  
Office Building ◽  
Passive House ◽  
Energy Calculations ◽  
Air Tightness

In the building designing process special attention should be paid to energy calculations - with analysis of different input data low energy or passive house can be obtained and decision of which parameters can or cannot be changed may be made. The following input data was analysed: shape factor A/V, glazed area, internal heat gains, air tightness, efficiency of heat recovery. The results show that the input data for the energy calculations are crucial for the obtained result.

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