Investigation of Fire Effect of Reinforced Aerated Wall (ACC) System Produced by Using Sustainable Construction Material

Reinforced Aerated Concrete panel building systems are preferred as wall elements in residences and industrial facilities due to their advantages. The signal issue encountered in industrial facilities is caused by fires that occur. Fire resistance of sustainably reinforced aerated concrete panels was investigated. The wall G3/05 class reinforced panel model to be used for the test was preferred. The panel wall has been subjected to a 120-minute fire resistance test. In this process, 1050 C° temperature was measured on the surface exposed to flames, while the wall temperature was read 50 C° on the other surface, and the heat temperature increased to 70 C° only at the panel joints. The data obtained from showed that the reinforced aerated concrete panels maintain their integrity under fire and resistant to high temperatures. These data that reinforced aerated concrete systems should be preferred, in buildings with human population and high fire risk.

A Dual Active-Passive Coating with Intumescent and Fire-Retardant Properties Based on High Molecular Weight Tannins

In this study, the tannins extracted from the Pinus radiata bark were used to develop an active–passive dual paint scheme with intumescent (IN) and fire-resistant (FR) behaviors. The properties of the coating were observed to depend on the concentration of high-molecular-weight tannins (H-MWT) incorporated into the formulation. At high concentrations (13% w/w), the coating exhibits fire-retardant properties due to the generation of a carbonaceous layer; however, at low concentrations (2.5% w/w), it generates an intumescent effect due to the formation of a carbonaceous foam layer. The dual IN–FR scheme was evaluated against fire by flame advance tests, carbonization index, mass loss, and intumescent effect, and was also compared to a commercial coating. The dual scheme presented good mechanical properties with a pull-off adhesion value of 0.76 MPa and an abrasion index of 54.7% at 1000 cycles, when using a coating with a high solid content (>60%) and the same thickness as those of the commercial coatings. The results of the fire resistance test indicate that the dual scheme generates a protective effect for wood and metal, with an excellent performance that is comparable to that of a commercial intumescent coating.

Experimental Study on Delaying the Failure Time of In-Service Cables in Trays by Using Fire-Retardant Coatings

Improving the fire resistance of the key cables connected to firefighting and safety equipment is of great importance. Based on the engineering practice of an oil storage company, this study proposes a modification scheme that entails spraying fire-retardant coatings on the outer surface of a cable tray to delay the failure times of the cables in the tray. To verify the effect, 12 specimens were processed using five kinds of fire-retardant coatings and two kinds of fire-resistant cotton to coat the cable tray. The specimens were installed in the vertical fire resistance test furnace. For the ISO 834 standard fire condition, a fire resistance test was carried out on the specimens. The data for the surface temperature and the insulation resistance of the cables in trays were collected, and the fireproof effect was analyzed. The results showed that compared with the control group, the failure time of the cable could be delayed by 1.57–14.86 times, and the thicker the fire-retardant coatings were, the better the fireproof effect was. In general, the fire protection effect of the fire-retardant coating was better than that of the fire-resistant cotton.

Numerical Simulation of Fire Resistance Test for Gas Turbine Component Using Coupled CFD/FEM Approach

The article presents the implementation of CFD/FEM approach for real oil tank of the gas turbine engine for the purposes of prediction of the component behavior under the local impact of a burner jet. The model takes into account heat and mass transfer problems as well as strength problems that are solved using a one way coupled fluid-structure interaction method. Results of the blind test simulation are compared and show good agreement with available experimental data.

Numerical Modeling of Fire Resistance Test as a Tool to Design Lightweight Marine Fire Doors: A Preliminary Study

Finite element analysis (FEA) is employed to simulate the thermo-resistance of a marine fire-proof door in the fire-resistance test defined by the International Code for the Application of Fire Test Procedures (2010 FTP Code) and required by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) for marine applications. The appropriate type of simulation adopted (i.e., steady or unsteady) is discriminated on the basis of a comparison between the numerical results and the experimental data. This appropriate model is used to evaluate the critical parameters affecting fire-proof door performance. A remarkable role of the thermal bridge at the door edges in fire resistance is assessed, along with the parameters that allow its reduction. These findings provide insight into how to design a thinner and lighter fire door.

An Experimental Study on Fire Resistance Performance of a Bended Type Cladding Column System

As buildings are growing higher and larger, more composite structures have been used. However, the steel member used for composite structure tends to rapidly lose its strength at elevated temperatures. For this reason, it is required to apply a fire resistance mechanism, but it is difficult to implement because of the cost and technical limitations in the case of fire-resistant paint. In case of fireproof spray coat, scattering phenomena, poor work conditions for wet application, and construction delay are the main challenges to be addressed. In this study, a full-scale fire resistance test of non-fire resistant cladding column was conducted in accordance with KS F 2257-7. According to the test results, the specimens CC-01, CC-02, and CC-03 failed to meet the requirements for a 3-hour fire resistance rating because of the joint deformation and less cover thickness, while CC-04, CC-05, and CC-06 with increased thickness and reinforced joints satisfied the requirements for a 3-hour fire resistance rating.

Fire Risk Analysis of Glass Installed in an Opening

This is an experimental study that analyzes the fire resistance performance of the types of glass installed in an opening to prevent a fire from spreading through the opening. The fire resistance test for glazed elements (KS F 2845) was performed on four materials: laminated glass, general glass, double-layer glass, and toughened glass. To analyze the risk of fire of each glass type, the temperature prediction of the fire room in the building was analyzed. As a result, the laminated glass ruptured at 617 ℃, and it was found to be the most resistant to heat amongst all the glass types. Additionally, the temperature of the fire in the compartment was predicted to reach 617 ℃ in 3 min. A performance review is required for the glass installed in the opening to prevent the fire from spreading.

The Heat Conductivity Properties of Hemp–Lime Composite Material Used in Single-Family Buildings

The main goal of the paper is to calculate the heat conductivity for three experimental hemp–lime composites used for structural construction purposes with the use of the experimental stand inside two compartments. Due to current construction trends, we are constantly searching for eco-friendly materials that have a low carbon footprint. This is the case of the analyzed material, and additional thermographic heat distribution inside the material during a fire resistance test proves that it is also a perfect insulation material, which could be applied in addition of popular isolating materials. This paper presents the results of certain hemp–lime composite studies and the potential for using hemp–lime composite for the structural construction industry. Hemp–lime composite heat transfer coefficient, fire resistance, and bulk density properties are compared to those of other commonly used construction materials. The obtained results show that the material together with supporting beams made of other biodegradable materials can be the perfect alternative for other commonly used construction materials.