scholarly journals Cropping Pattern and Comparative Advantage of Agricultural Products in Ilam Province

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 235
Author(s):  
Roya Samani ◽  
Alireza Poursaeed
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Cropping Pattern

Identification of Comparative Advantages of Agricultural Products and Products of Processed Food Sector of Serbia

2017 ◽  
pp. 59-80
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
International Market ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Transfer Of Knowledge ◽  
Processed Food ◽  
Food Sector ◽  
Developmental Problems ◽  
The Third ◽  
Comparative Advantages

In the third chapter, the authors were studying the competitiveness and comparative advantage of agricultural products and products of processed food sector of Serbia on international market. Readers will be familiar with the foreign trade exchange of agricultural products and products of processed food sector in the period 2005-2015. They will find out for which products the indices of comparative advantage of export have a positive value and will understand the connection with a surplus in foreign trade exchange of agricultural products and products of processed food sector. Readers will be informed on products that prevail in export, i.e. will perceive the export potential of Serbian food industry. They will see which sectors aren't sufficiently propulsive and need to provide an adequate support in the future. Readers will be familiar with developmental problems of agri-food sector of other countries and will understand the significance of transfer of knowledge and experience in the development of processed food sector of Serbia.

scholarly journals Exports of Agri-Products from Gujarat: Problems and Prospects

2003 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 41-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravindra H Dholakia
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
The State ◽  
Export Market ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Specific Product ◽  
Product Categories

This paper follows a narrow definition of agri-products that include products of agriculture, horticulture, floriculture, animal husbandry, and poultry. Like most other states in India, Gujarat has also prepared several reports and policy papers assessing the potential for agro-processing, identifying constraints in the development and exports of agri-products, suggesting or announcing several important policy measures for removing physical and financial infrastructural bottlenecks, and promoting R&D activities in the sector. However, these exercises lack realistic assessment of the potential, important features of agri-exports from the state, and Gujarat's comparative advantage over the rest of the country in specific product categories. This paper addresses these aspects. A recent survey of exports originating from Gujarat conducted by the Gujarat Industrial Technical Consultancy Organization (GITCO) estimated that, during the year 2000–01, Gujarat contributed Rs 495 billion (or 20.8%) out of the total national exports of Rs 2,385 billion. However, excluding gems and jewellery and petroleum products, Gujarat's share in the national exports is only 9.2 per cent. Compared to this overall proportion, Gujarat's share in national exports in commodities like groundnut, oil-meals, castor oil, poultry, dairy products, spices, sesame and niger seeds, and processed food, fruits, and vegetables is much higher indicating Gujarat's revealed comparative advantage in these product categories. Some important features of the exports activity in Gujarat are: Only 20 per cent are pure traders in the export business. Only a quarter of the units have ‘export house’ or upward status for special benefits. More than 40 per cent of the exporting units have come up after 1991–92. Two-thirds of the exporters belong to small and medium enterprises. Export intensity of Gujarat's agricultural sector is about 12 per cent. Agri-exports represent excess supply and hence highly volatile and fluctuating activity over time. Agri-exports are price elastic. Agri-exports would be highly responsive to exchange rate depreciation. In recent years, Gujarat's agriculture shows considerable dynamic characteristics in contrast to the gloomy official income estimates in the sector. Nineteen out of 30 crops show significant positive time trend in area while five crops show significant negative trend. The cropping pattern in Gujarat has been shifting away from the low value traditional crops to high value commercial crops with business and export potential. A detailed consideration of yield rates of different crops in the state and other states over the past three decades indicates a realistic potential of 5 per cent per annum growth rate for agriculture in Gujarat over the next eight to ten years. In order to ensure exclusive and regular supply to the export market, quality standards have to be according to the foreign destination and not the domestic market. This calls for large-scale production, assured input supplies, good logistics, infrastructural facilities, R&D activities, and technological upgradation. This involves giving priority to investments in several infrastructural facilities and agricultural R&D besides perfecting agricultural land market and encouraging contract farming in the state.

scholarly journals Optimization of irrigation water use to increase the benefit of agricultural products

2018 ◽  
Vol 159 ◽  
pp. 01026
Author(s):  
Edy Anto Soentoro ◽  
Erlangga Perwira ◽  
Yadi Suryadi ◽  
Winskayati
Keyword(s):  
Linear Programming ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Water Availability ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Irrigation Water Use ◽  
Maximum Benefit ◽  
Planting Method

Shortage of irrigation water supply in dry season prevents many farmers from growing their crops, and the annual benefit from agricultural products will decrease as much as the area of irrigation fields which have lack of water. The objective of this study is to determine the maximum benefit from agricultural products based on water availability, by determining the appropriate cropping pattern and maximum planting areas through linear programming. The case-study location is at Leuwi Kuya Irrigation Region. Planting schedule is selected based on minimum water shortage from simulation of 6 alternative planting schedules. Then, the best pattern of cropping (planting method and the total area) is determined using linear programming. Optimization is carried out in 3 scenarios with various planting methods (conventional and SRI), minimum irrigation water demand (class-area system), and schedule for beginning of the 3-growing seasons annually. Result of this study is the optimal area of the irrigated region that can be planted based on the water availability. The maximum benefit is 89 billion rupiahs, using SRI planting method and distribution of three groups of irrigation fields in water supply schedule.

scholarly journals Moroccan agricultural products in the single market: trade flows and competitiveness

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Fernández Álvarez
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Trade Agreement ◽  
Agricultural Trade ◽  
Single Market ◽  
Trade Flows ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Trade Relations ◽  
The Eu

AbstractThis paper explores the main contents of the agricultural trade agreement between the European Union (EU) and Morocco during the period 2008-2017. It investigates the agricultural trade relations and trade flows focussing on the competitiveness of Moroccan agriculture in the single market. The concept of Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) is used as the main analytical device. The a priori hypothesis is that the trade agreements and specifically the agriculture concessional trade provisions granted by the EU to Morocco have created the proper Moroccan agricultural scenery to improve production and exports. The examination and evaluation of the data tends to confirm the hypothesis. Morocco is becoming a veritable exporting power, it has diversified exports and most of its product sectors enjoy high levels of comparative advantage in the single market.

scholarly journals Perspectives of the Russian agricultural exports in terms of comparative advantage  

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (No. 7) ◽  
pp. 318-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benesova Irena ◽  
Maitah Mansoor ◽  
Smutka Lubos ◽  
Tomsik Karel ◽  
Ishchukova Natalia
Keyword(s):  
Trade Liberalization ◽  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Economic Transformation ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Current Position ◽  
Agricultural Exports ◽  
Comparative Advantages ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Cis Countries

The paper analyses the current position of the Russian Federation in the global market of agricultural products and foodstuffs with the accent on the comparative advantage of Russian agricultural exports in relation to specific regions and states. The key purpose of the research is to classify the most significant changes in the structure of Russian agricultural exports. The results show that the structure of Russian trade is changing continuously and evolving along with the process of economic transformation and trade liberalization. Exports become less diversified and are concentrated in a few segments. From the perspective of comparative advantage, cereals, fish and vegetable oils are the segments of Russian exports which become more significant. The comparative advantages of Russian exports are strengthening mostly in the case of African, Asian and CIS countries.

scholarly journals Justification and perspective of cropping pattern on irrigated lands in the south of Russia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.V. Kupriyanova ◽  
◽  
E. V. Melikhova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Foreign Market ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Cropping Patterns ◽  
Irrigated Lands ◽  
High Level

Purpose: improvement of the irrigated agriculture system and justification of the rational cropping pattern, taking into account the possible provision of biological productivity of agricultural land for the period up to 2030. Materials and methods: the optimal values of the cropping patterns used in the structure of reclamation complex were used as key criteria for improving the system of irrigated agriculture. The demand and potential level of export of agricultural products and options for their processing were taken into account. The proposed cropping patterns on irrigated lands were obtained based on the results of ranking indicators: cereals (wheat, corn), industrial (soybeans, etc.), vegetables (including potatoes), beets (table and fodder). Results: the main conditions for carrying out reclamation measures aimed at increasing feed production, increasing the energy content and protein nutritional value of feed, contributing to the increase of farm animals productivity, were revealed. With a predicted high level of yield by 2030, its growth may be: for fodder – 2.5 times, sugar beet – 2.4 times, flax – 3.0, sunflower – 2.6, potatoes – 1.9, rice – 1.7 times. Conclusions. The main requirements for cropping pattern optimization have been determined: ranking according to the degree of global demand for agricultural products, which determines the trends of its production in the Russian Federation; optimization of the production structure of certain groups of crops in the domestic market, as well as for export to the foreign market; application of scientifically based crop rotation systems; work on the selection of varieties and hybrids of crops; improvement of irrigation equipment and technologies. Optimization of cropping patterns, including fodder crops in irrigated crop rotations, and restoration of soil fertility can also increase the output of livestock products – to ensure the country's food security.

scholarly journals The EC-Scandinavian agricultural trade changes - causes and consequences

1991 ◽  
Vol 63 (5) ◽  
pp. 503-512
Author(s):  
Tuomas Kuhmonen ◽  
Dirk Strijker
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Agricultural Policy ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Agricultural Trade ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Income Support ◽  
Revealed Comparative Advantage ◽  
Price Support ◽  
Food Trade ◽  
Direct Income

This article examines the changes in the mutual agro-food trade between the EC and Scandinavian countries Finland, Norway and Sweden in 1960—85 by using the concept of “Revealed Comparative Advantage”. The agricultural policy actions of the EC have weakened the mutual trading position of Scandinavia very strongly in basic temperate agricultural products but improved it in other types of agro-food products. The massive supports and trade regulations of the EC have also increased its mutual competitiveness in agro-food compared to all traded items. In recent years are direction of agricultural policy has started in the EC from price support and increasing productivity to production cutbacks and direct income support. This seems to be the same path as the Scandinavian countries had to take earlier.

scholarly journals Competitiveness of Turkey in Eurasia: A Comparison with CIS Countries

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hacer Simay Karaalp Orhan
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Advantage ◽  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
Trade Flow ◽  
World Market ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Kyrgyz Republic ◽  
Iron And Steel ◽  
The World ◽  
Agriculture Products ◽  
Cis Countries

The main aim of this paper is to examine international competitiveness of Turkey both in world market and CIS (Commonwealth of Independent States) in comparison with Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic, Moldova, Ukraine, Russia and to determine the value of trade between Turkey and CIS countries. The Revealed Comparative Advantage, Grubel-Lloyd (IIT) and Trade Intensity indices were calculated for sixteen commodity groups over the period 1996–2008 by using WTO data. The results suggest that Turkey is more competitive in CIS market and has comparative advantage in various products. Turkey has comparative advantage not only in agricultural products, food, manufactures, automotive products, textile and clothing as the world market but also in chemicals, pharmaceuticals, machinery-transport equipment, office-telecom equipment and telecommunications vis-à-vis CIS countries. CIS countries exhibit similar comparative advantages in the world market. CIS countries have comparative advantage particularly in fuels and mining products, agricultural products, food, iron and steel but in a decreasing trend. The IIT results indicate that while Turkey approaches intra-industry specialization in agricultural products, food and textile but also manufacture products such as iron and steel, telecommunications equipment, machinery-transport and automotive products. CIS countries’ economy indicates increasing intra-industry trade in agriculture products, food manufactures, iron and steel. It is found that there is an intense relationship between Turkey and CIS countries except Belarus. Bilateral trade flow between Turkey and Azerbaijan, Kyrgyz Republic and the Georgia is extremely larger than these countries’ importance in world trade.

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