scholarly journals An experimental study on effects of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate on ischemia-reperfusion injury in testis

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eray Kemahli ◽  
Mevlüt Yildiz ◽  
Tülin Firat ◽  
Mehmet Emin Ӧzyalvaçlı ◽  
Uğur Üyetürk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Pyrrolidine Dithiocarbamate ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Introduction: The aim of this experimental study was to investigate the histopathological and biochemical effects of pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate, an antioxidant and inhibitor of NF-kβ, on ischemiareperfusion injury in rats.Methods: A total of 21 male Wistar-Albino rats were randomly distributed into three groups as sham group (Group 1), ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) group (Group 2) and I/R with pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate(PDTC) group (Group 3). Left testicles of rats in Groups 2 and 3 underwent testicular torsion of 720° for four hours and 100 mg/kg of PDTC was administered intraperitoneally prior to detorsion in Group 3. An hour after detorsion process, left orchiectomies were performed and 5 ml of intracardiac blood samples were drawn from rats in all three groups. Histopathological examination of testis tissues performed and measurement of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in blood samples were taken.Results: Elevated levels of MDA and decreased SOD activity, together with decreased Johnson tubular biopsy scores consistent with I/R injury were observed in Group 2 (p<0.05). Group 1 and Group 3 were similar in terms of MDA levels, SOD activity, and Johnson scores (p>0.05).Conclusions: Our results indicated that PDTC may have beneficial effects for alleviation of I/R injury in testicular tissue in rats. Understanding the underlying mechanisms and exploration of its diagnostic and therapeutic potential requires further randomized, controlled trials on a larger scale.

scholarly journals The Effect of Iloprost and N-Acetylcysteine on Skeletal Muscle Injury in an Acute Aortic Ischemia-Reperfusion Model: An Experimental Study

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osman Tiryakioglu ◽  
Kamuran Erkoc ◽  
Bulent Tunerir ◽  
Onur Uysal ◽  
H. Firat Altin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Reperfusion Period ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Iloprost Infusion ◽  
Group 1

Objective. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of iloprost and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) on ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injuries to the gastrocnemius muscle, following the occlusion-reperfusion period in the abdominal aorta of rats.Materials and Methods. Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four equal groups.Group 1: control group. Group 2 (IR): aorta was occluded. The clamp was removed after 1 hour of ischemia. Blood samples and muscle tissue specimens were collected following a 2-hour reperfusion period.Group 3 (IR + iloprost): during a 1-hour ischemia period, iloprost infusion was initiated from the jugular catheter. During a 2-hour reperfusion period, the iloprost infusion continued.Group 4 (IR + NAC): similar to the iloprost group.Findings. The mean total oxidant status, CK, and LDH levels were highest in Group 2 and lowest in Group 1. The levels of these parameters in Group 3 and Group 4 were lower compared to Group 2 and higher compared to Group 1 (P<0.05). The histopathological examination showed that Group 3 and Group 4, compared to Group 2, had preserved appearance with respect to hemorrhage, necrosis, loss of nuclei, infiltration, and similar parameters.Conclusion. Iloprost and NAC are effective against ischemia-reperfusion injury and decrease ischemia-related tissue injury.

Cholinesterase Activities and Oxidative Stress in Cattle Experimentally Exposed to Nitrate/Nitrite in Cultivated Pasture with Different Fertilization Schemes

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ricardo Christ ◽  
Aleksandro Schafer Da Silva ◽  
Mateus Eloir Grabriel ◽  
Luan Cleber Henker ◽  
Renan Augusto Cechin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Cholinesterase Activity ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Cholinesterase Activities ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Nitrate And Nitrite ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Group 1

  Background: Nitrate and nitrite poisoning is associated with pasture intake that has high nitrate levels and leads to acute methemoglobinemia. Pasture may accumulate nitrate under certain conditions, such as excessively fertilized soil or en­vironmental conditions that enhance the N absorption (rain preceded by a period of drought). After ingestion of plants, this substrate reaches the rumen and, in physiological conditions, is reduced to nitrite and afterward to ammonia. The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in cholinesterase activities and oxidative stress caused by subclinical poisoning for nitrate and nitrite in cattle fed with Pennisetum glaucum in three different fertilization schemes. Materials, Methods & Results: In order to perform the experimental poisoning, the pasture was cultivated in three dif­ferent paddocks: with nitrogen topdressing (urea; group 1), organic fertilizer (group 2) or without fertilizer (group 3; control). Nitrate accumulation in forage was evaluated by the diphenylamine test. After food fasting of 12 h, nine bovine were randomly allocated to one of the experimental groups and fed with fresh forage (ad libitum) from respective pad­dock. In different time points from beginning of pasture intake (0, 2, 4, 6 and 9 h) heart rate and respiratory frequency were assessed, as well as mucous membrane color and behavioral changes. Blood samples from jugular vein into vials with and without anticoagulant were collected. From blood samples, serum nitrite levels, acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) enzyme activity were evaluated, as well as oxidative stress through the following param­eters: levels of nitrate/nitrite (NOx), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), beyond the antioxidant system by enzyme activity measurement of catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). The diphenylamine test was positive to group 1 and 2, so that the pasture presented 3.16 mg/kg, 2.98 mg/kg and 1.67 mg/kg of nitrate for group 1, 2 and 3, respectively. In addition, cows from group 1 demonstrated increased (P < 0.05) nitrite levels in serum, compared to other groups, and greater heart rate after 9 h (P < 0.05). The AChE and BChE activity in group 1 showed significant increase (P < 0.05) at 4 and 6 h (AChE), and 4 and 9 h (BChE) compared to group 3. Also, NOx levels were lower at 6 and 9 h (P < 0.05) and at 9 h (P < 0.05) for animals of group 1 and 2, respectively, when compared to group 3. Furthermore, in the group 1 levels of ROS and TBARS were significantly higher (P < 0.05) after 2 and 4 h, and 6 and 9 h compared to other groups, respectively. The CAT activity increased significantly (P < 0.05) with 2 and 4 h of the experiment, but on the other hand, decreased at 6 and 9 h in group 1. Nevertheless, the animals from group 2 presented only a significant reduction in this enzyme activity at 9 h. Furthermore, SOD activity was reduced in animals of groups 1 (P < 0.05) at 4, 6 and 9 h, compared to other groups. Discussion: It was concluded that the nitrate and nitrite poisoning by pasture intake cultivated and fertilized with urea leads to increased levels of serum nitrite, as well as the cholinesterase activity and causes oxidative stress in cattle. It is conjectured that the cholinesterase activity and oxidative stress may assist in understanding the pathophysiology of changes caused by poisoning.Keywords: plant toxicology, poisoning, methemoglobin, cholinergic system, oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Melatonin attenuates ovarian ischemia reperfusion injury in rats by decreasing oxidative stress index and peroxynitrite

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 1513-1522
Author(s):  
Şenol KALYONCU ◽  
Bülent YILMAZ ◽  
Mustafa DEMİR ◽  
Meltem TUNCER ◽  
Zehra BOZDAĞ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Oxidative Stress Index ◽  
Group 6 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Background/aim: To evaluate the protective effect of melatonin on ovarian ischemia reperfusion injury in a rat model. Materials and methods: Forty-eight rats were separated equally into 6 groups. Group 1: sham; Group 2: surgical control with 3-h bilateral ovarian torsion and detorsion; Group 3: intraperitoneal 5% ethanol (1 mL) just after detorsion (as melatonin was dissolved in ethanol); Group 4: 10 mg/kg intraperitoneal melatonin 30 min before 3-h torsion; Group 5:10 mg/kg intraperitoneal melatonin just after detorsion; Group 6:10 mg/kg intraperitoneal melatonin 30 min before torsion and just after detorsion. Both ovaries and blood samples were obtained 7 days after detorsion for histopathological and biochemical analysis.Results: In Group 1, serum levels of total oxidant status (TOS) (μmol H2O2 equivalent/g wet tissue)were significantly lower than in Group2 (P = 0.0023), while tissue TOS levels were lower than in Group 3 (P = 0.0030). Similarly, serum and tissue levels of peroxynitrite in Group 6were significantly lower than those ofGroup 2 (P = 0.0023 and P = 0.040, respectively). Moreover, serum oxidative stress index (OSI) (arbitrary unit) levels were significantly increased in Group 2 when compared to groups 1 and 6 (P = 0.0023 and P= 0.0016, respectively) and in Group 3 with respect to groups 1, 4, 5, and 6 (P = 0.0023, P = 0.0026, P = 0.0008, and P = 0.0011, respectively). Furthermore, there was a significant decrease in histopathological scores including follicular degeneration, vascular congestion, hemorrhage, and inflammation in the melatonin and sham groups in comparison with control groups. Additionally, primordial follicle count was significantly higher in Group 6 than in Group 2 (P = 0.0002).Conclusion: Melatonin attenuates ischemia reperfusion damage in a rat torsion/detorsion model by improving histopathological and biochemical findings including OSI and peroxynitrite.

scholarly journals Xenogeneic and Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stem Cells Effectively Protect the Lung Against Ischemia-reperfusion Injury Through Downregulating the Inflammatory, Oxidative Stress, and Autophagic Signaling Pathways in Rat

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 096368972095414
Author(s):  
Kun-Chen Lin ◽  
Jun-Ning Yeh ◽  
Yi-Ling Chen ◽  
John Y. Chiang ◽  
Pei-Hsun Sung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Signaling Pathways ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Damage Cell ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Flow Cytometric ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

This study tested the hypothesis that both allogenic adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) and human inducible pluripotent stem cell-derived MSCs (iPS-MSCs) offered a comparable effect for protecting the lung against ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury in rodent through downregulating the inflammatory, oxidative stress, and autophagic signaling pathways. Adult male Sprague–Dawley rats ( n = 32) were categorized into group 1 (sham-operated control), group 2 (IRI), group 3 [IRI + ADMSCs (1.0 × 106 cells)/tail-vein administration at 0.5/18/36 h after IR], and group 4 [IRI + iPS-MSCs (1.0 × 106 cells)/tail-vein administration at 0.5/18/36 h after IR], and lungs were harvested at 72 h after IR procedure. In vitro study demonstrated that protein expressions of three signaling pathways in inflammation (TLR4/MyD88/TAK1/IKK/I-κB/NF-κB/Cox-2/TNF-α/IL-1ß), mitochondrial damage/cell apoptosis (cytochrome C/cyclophilin D/DRP1/ASK1/APAF-1/mitochondrial-Bax/caspase3/8/9), and autophagy/cell death (ULK1/beclin-1/Atg5,7,12, ratio of LCB3-II/LC3B-I, p-AKT/m-TOR) were significantly higher in lung epithelial cells + 6h hypoxia as compared with the control, and those were significantly reversed by iPS-MSC treatment (all P < 0.001). Flow cytometric analysis revealed that percentages of the inflammatory cells in bronchioalveolar lavage fluid and circulation, and immune cells in circulation/spleen as well as circulatory early and late apoptotic cells were highest in group 2, lowest in group 1, and significantly higher in group 3 than in group 4 (all P < 0.0001). Microscopy showed the lung injury score and numbers of inflammatory cells and Western blot analysis showed the signaling pathways of inflammation, mitochondrial damage/cell apoptosis, autophagy, and oxidative stress exhibited an identical pattern of flow cytometric results among the four groups (all P < 0.0001). Both xenogeneic and allogenic MSCs protected the lung against IRI via suppressing the inflammatory, oxidative stress, and autophagic signaling.

scholarly journals Paraneoplastic hematological, biochemical, and hemostatic abnormalities in female dogs with mammary neoplasms

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 479-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naila C.B. Duda ◽  
Stella de F. Valle ◽  
Juliana P. Matheus ◽  
Natália C. Angeli ◽  
Luciane C. Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mammary Cancer ◽  
Tumor Staging ◽  
Tumor Type ◽  
Thrombin Time ◽  
Coagulation Test ◽  
Laboratory Findings ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

ABSTRACT: Paraneoplastic laboratory abnormalities are identified in several types of cancers in dogs and cats. In veterinary medicine, particularly in mammary cancer, there are few studies that correlate abnormal laboratory findings with tumor type and staging. The aim of this study was to evaluate hematological, biochemical, and hemostatic abnormalities and correlate them with mammary tumor staging in female dogs with mammary cancer. Blood samples from 24 female dogs were evaluated, and the hematological, biochemical, and hemostatic parameters were correlated with tumor staging obtained by physical examination, imaging exams, and histopathological surgical biopsies. The groups were organized according to tumor staging: group 1 (stages I and II), group 2 (stage III), and group 3 (stages IV and V). Anemia, neutrophilic leukocytosis, monocytosis, eosinophilia, thrombocytosis, hypoalbuminemia, hypocalcemia, hypoglycemia, and low blood urea were observed. The variables MCHC, TPP, and RDW were correlated with tumor staging with no clinical relevance. Thrombin time and fibrinogen were significant between the groups in the coagulation test, being associated with tumor staging. The findings suggest influence of the proinflammatory cytokines released during tumor growth.

scholarly journals Endotoxin and ischemic preconditioning: TNF-α concentration and myocardial infarct development in rabbits

1999 ◽  
Vol 277 (6) ◽  
pp. H2470-H2475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergej Belosjorow ◽  
Rainer Schulz ◽  
Hilmar Dörge ◽  
F. Ulrich Schade ◽  
Gerd Heusch
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Preconditioning ◽  
Myocardial Infarct ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Ischemia And Reperfusion ◽  
Area At Risk ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Maximum Inhibition ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Ischemic preconditioning (IP) and prior exposure to lipopolysaccharides (LPS) reduce infarct size (IS) and serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) concentration resulting from myocardial ischemia-reperfusion in rabbits. The decrease in TNF-α might relate to an induced TNF-α inhibitory serum activity (TNF-α-ISA). We analyzed TNF-α and TNF-α-ISA during 30 and 180 min ischemia and reperfusion, respectively, in anesthetized rabbits either untreated ( group 1, n = 7), preconditioned (5 and 10 min ischemia and reperfusion, respectively, group 2, n = 9), or exposed to LPS 72 h before ischemia ( group 3, n = 9). TNF-α-ISA was assessed by coincubating LPS-stimulated rabbit blood with serum of groups 1–3 and measuring TNF-α (WEHI assay). With a comparable area at risk, IS in group 1 was 36.9 ± 11.1 (SD)%, and it was reduced to 13.1 ± 11.6% and 17.3 ± 11.3% (both P < 0.05) in groups 2 and 3, respectively. TNF-α was increased during ischemia-reperfusion in group 1 but remained unchanged in rabbits subjected to IP or LPS. TNF-α-ISA was detected during ischemia-reperfusion in group 2 (29% and 38% of maximum inhibition, respectively) and during baseline, ischemia and reperfusion in group 3 (51%, 46%, 48% of maximum inhibition, respectively) but was absent in group 1. Cardioprotection by IP and LPS is associated with a reduced TNF-α and an induced TNF-α-ISA during ischemia-reperfusion.

Prevalence of Alpha-Globin Gene Deletions amongst Patients with Unexplained Microcytosis in a North-American Population.

Blood ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 104 (11) ◽  
pp. 3762-3762
Author(s):  
Julie Bergeron ◽  
Xiaoduan Weng ◽  
Louise Robin ◽  
Harold J. Olney ◽  
Denis Soulières
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Hplc Analysis ◽  
Gene Deletion ◽  
Globin Gene ◽  
Gene Deletions ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
In Cis ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Introduction: Increasing multi-ethnicity is likely to make α-thalassemia more prevalent in western metropolitan areas. The current prevalence of α-thalassemia in regions outside the traditional thalassemia areas with the associated risk for HbH disease and hydrops foetalis is unknown. Genetic counseling for reproductive risks due to α-globin gene mutations requires adequate and precise genotyping. Objectives: To determine by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (m-PCR) the prevalence and genotypes of α-thalassemia among non selected, consecutive cases of unexplained microcytosis identified in a clinical hematology laboratory. To evaluate if differences or variations in erythrocytic indices are indicative of α-thalassemia. Methods: During a period of 3 months, α-globin genotype was determined by m-PCR on all non repetitive microcytic (MCV <80fL) blood samples from adults with normal ferritin and normal hemoglobin HPLC analysis (Variant I, Bio-Rad). A previously described m-PCR analysis allowed the detection of α-globin gene deletions and specifically identified each of the following 7 deletions when present: −α3.7, −α4.2, −−SEA, −−FIL, −−MED, −−THAI and −α(20.5). Results: 516 microcytic blood samples were evaluated of which 197 had normal ferritin and Hb HPLC analysis and were submitted for m-PCR. Among 196 interpretable m-PCRs, 148 did not have α-globin gene deletion(s) (group 1) and 48 α-thalassemia cases (24,5%) were identified: 28 cases of single α-globin gene deletion (group 2) and 20 cases of 2 α-globin gene deletions (group 3). In group 3, 6 cases showed deletions in cis. Results on differences between the groups are presented in Table 1. Even though some differences were statistically different, none was clinically useful and diagnostic. Conclusion: A significant proportion (24,5%) of cases with microcytosis not likely explained by iron deficiency, inflammation or a hemoglobinopathy are caused by α-globin gene deletion(s). This laboratory survey, despite a short period of sample collection (3 months) identified 6 carriers of a 2 gene deletion in cis that may have a severe impact on reproductive decisions and potential future utilisation of resources. These findings are likely to be reproducible in other North American cosmopolitan cities where α-thalassemia is not endemic but likely to be of increasing prevalence due to immigration. The availability, precision and reliability of diagnostic methods such as m-PCR and the increasing ethnic diversity of North-American cities point to an emerging need to develop genetic counseling programs based on the molecular diagnosis of α-thalassemia. Erythrocytic parameters with their standard deviation in the different α-globin genotype groups RBC (x1012/L) MCH (pg) Hb (g/dL) Mentzer† RDW MCV (fL) † calculated for samples with Hb>90 g/L *indicates values that are significantly different from data of other groups. RBC: Red Blood Cells, MCH: Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin, Hb: Hemoglobin, RDW: Red Cells Distribution Width, MCV: Mean Corpuscular Volume group 1 (normal genotype) 4,27±0,75 * 25±1,5 107±20 * 17,4±2,4 * 17,0±3,1 * 76,6±3,2 group 2 (single α-globin gene deletion) 4,70±0,85 25,2±1,5 118±22 16,2±2,9 * 15,1±2,1 76,9±3,5 group 3 (double α-globin gene deletion) 5,20±0,57 23,2±1,3 * 120±9 14,1±2,1 * 14,8±2,8 72,4±3,0 *

Dual effects of erdosteine on hemostasis via its different metabolites in young rats

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (10) ◽  
pp. 1644-1648 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vefik Arica ◽  
Murat Tutanc ◽  
Oktay Hasan Ozturk ◽  
Secil Arica ◽  
Fatmagul Basarslan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Blood ◽  
Peripheral Blood Smear ◽  
International Normalized Ratio ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Oral Gavage ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Platelet Counts ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Aim: In the study, we examined erdosteine’s effects on platelet functions and coagulation. Materials and methods: A total 29 young albino Wistar rats were divided into four groups. Control rats ( n = 6) were given saline; Group 1 rats ( n = 7) were given 3 mg/kg erdosteine by oral gavage for 3 days; Group 2 rats ( n = 7) were given 10 mg/kg erdosteine by oral gavage for 3 days; and Group 3 rats ( n = 9) were given 30 mg/kg erdosteine for 3 days. Twenty-four hours after the final dose, blood samples were drawn from a portal vein. Prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and international normalized ratio (INR) were measured, and platelet counts were examined in a peripheral blood smear by light microscopy. Results: PT and INR values of Group 1 increased compared to the controls but did not change in Group 3. Hemostatic parameters were not measured in Group 2 because the blood samples in Group 2’s tubes clotted rapidly. Platelet counts of the peripheral blood from Group 2 were low but were normal in other groups. Conclusion: We have concluded erdosteine may disrupt hemostasis parameters by its different metabolites in patients. Erdosteine has dual effects on hemostasis via its different metabolites, which occur in different doses.

Latent Learning in White Rats with and without Reinforcement by Presentation of Videotaped Stimuli

1978 ◽  
Vol 46 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1331-1337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Kahane ◽  
Robert J. Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Albino Rats ◽  
Correlated Response ◽  
Latent Learning ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Theoretical Support ◽  
Wistar Strain ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Group 1

The effect of videotaped presentation of a maze, with and without reinforcement during correct “trials,” was investigated to determine whether learning could occur without the correlated response being manifested. Three groups of 10, female albino rats of the Wistar strain, 120 days old, were employed. The stimuli were presented on a monitor during acquisition. Group 1 received the film and reinforcement during correct “trials” and performed significantly better than Group 2, which received the film but no reinforcement and Group 3 which received neither film nor reinforcement on test trials in the actual maze. Empirical and theoretical support were obtained for the notion that learning would occur without responding.

scholarly journals Histomorphological evaluation of osteoclast cell count in femur bone of mice induced by anastrazole and protective effect of olive oil.

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (12) ◽  
pp. 1837-1843
Author(s):  
Anjum Ishaque ◽  
Saima Nadeem ◽  
Shagufta Nisar ◽  
Hasnain Ali Shah ◽  
Khalid Javed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Olive Oil ◽  
Cell Count ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Femur Bone ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Albino Mice ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Objective: The objective of this study is to find out protective effect of olive oil to prevent bone loss by decreasing osteoclast count in patient receiving Anastrazole. Study Design: Experimental study. Setting: Pakistan Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (PCSIR) Animal House, Peshawar and Pathology Lab KGMC Peshawar. Period: March 2019 to December 2019. Material & Methods: Sixty female albino mice 6-8 weeks of age were selected for this experimental study and Aromatase inhibitor drug Anastrazole was given alone and in combination with olive oil once daily for 30 successive days. Femur bone samples were collected and stained with Eosin and Hematoxylin for histomorphological evaluation of osteoclast cell count in three all three groups i.e. control group, those receiving Anastrazole alone and those given Anastrazole and olive oil in combination. Results: The mean weight of all experimental female albino mice before study was 30.77- 33.05 grams and after the study was 30.84- 21.31 grams. Control group 1 which was given normal diet showed increased weight of mice with less osteoclast cell count as compared to experimental groups (2 and 3).  In group 2 (Drugged) which was given Anastrazole, weight of were lesser than control group 1 and group 3(Anastrazole + olive oil), while, osteoclast score was greater than group 1(control) and group 3 (Anastrazole + olive oil). Group3 (Drugged+ Olive oil) showed greater weight of mice than group 2 (Anastrazole) but, lesser than control group 1. Osteoclast score was greater than control group but lesser than group 2 (Anastrazole). Conclusion: The results showed positive and protective effects of olive oil against Anastrazole induced bone loss in female albino mice.

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