Three decades of Cdk5

Cdk5 is a proline-directed serine/threonine protein kinase that governs a variety of cellular processes in neurons, the dysregulation of which compromises normal brain function. The mechanisms underlying the modulation of Cdk5, its modes of action, and its effects on the nervous system have been a great focus in the field for nearly three decades. In this review, we provide an overview of the discovery and regulation of Cdk5, highlighting recent findings revealing its role in neuronal/synaptic functions, circadian clocks, DNA damage, cell cycle reentry, mitochondrial dysfunction, as well as its non-neuronal functions under physiological and pathological conditions. Moreover, we discuss evidence underscoring aberrant Cdk5 activity as a common theme observed in many neurodegenerative diseases.

Characteristics of hemolysins from pathogenic bacteria in tropical aquaculture: an in-silico study

Some species of known pathogenic bacteria isolates in tropical aquaculture produces hemolysin. Hemolysin can be identified based on its ability to break down red blood cells in vitro. Some hemolysin is a pore-shaped poison that can damage cell membranes and kill host cells. The character of the 13 sequences of hemolysin protein in several pathogenic bacterial isolates in tropical aquaculture was analysed using the NCBI protein bioinformatics database. The phylogenetic tree was generated, and the analysis was conducted using the base character method (Maximum Parsimony) of Mega 6.06 software. The result showed that there are two big family of hemolysin from the known pathogenic bacteria. The closest characteristics of protein sequences were hemolysin of Streptococcus agalacticae and of S. iniae.

Cell therapy strategies for COVID-19: Current approaches and potential applications

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) continues to burden society worldwide. Despite most patients having a mild course, severe presentations have limited treatment options. COVID-19 manifestations extend beyond the lungs and may affect the cardiovascular, nervous, and other organ systems. Current treatments are nonspecific and do not address potential long-term consequences such as pulmonary fibrosis, demyelination, and ischemic organ damage. Cell therapies offer great potential in treating severe COVID-19 presentations due to their customizability and regenerative function. This review summarizes COVID-19 pathogenesis, respective areas where cell therapies have potential, and the ongoing 89 cell therapy trials in COVID-19 as of 1 January 2021.

Scar-Free Healing: Current Concepts and Future Perspectives

Every year, millions of people develop scars due to skin injuries after trauma, surgery, or skin burns. From the beginning of wound healing development, scar hyperplasia, and prolonged healing time in wound healing have been severe problems. Based on the difference between adult and fetal wound healing processes, many promising therapies have been developed to decrease scar formation in skin wounds. Currently, there is no good or reliable therapy to cure or prevent scar formation. This work briefly reviews the engineering methods of scarless wound healing, focusing on regenerative biomaterials and different cytokines, growth factors, and extracellular components in regenerative wound healing to minimize skin damage cell types, and scar formation.

Correction: Zhao, X.W., et al. Dioscin Induces the Apoptosis of Human Cervical Carcinoma HeLa and SiHa Cells Through ROS-mediated DNA Damage, Cell Cycle Arrest and Mitochondrial Signaling Pathways. Molecules 2016, 21, 730

During the course of a review of our publications, an error in the title paper [...]