scholarly journals The association between renal stones and fasting: A systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abirami Kirubarajan ◽  
Andrew C.L. Lam ◽  
Shawn Khan ◽  
Matthew Yau ◽  
Nicole Golda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Renal Colic ◽  
Renal Stones ◽  
Cultural Practice ◽  
Urine Metabolites ◽  
Systematic Assessment ◽  
Risk Patients

Introduction: Fasting is a common cultural practice worldwide for both religious and dietary reasons. However, there is concern that fasting may be a risk factor for the development of renal stones. To date, there has not been a systematic assessment of the literature regarding the association between renal stones and fasting. Methods: We conducted a systematic review following PRISMA guidelines of three databases: Medline-OVID, EMBASE, and CINAHL. All screening and extraction was completed in parallel with two independent reviewers. Results: Of the 1501 database citations, a total of 10 observational studies with a total of 9906 participants were included. Nine of the studies were conducted in the context of Islamic fasting during Ramadan, with the majority (7/9) finding that renal colic incidence was unaffected by the month of fasting. In contrast, two studies noted an increased incidence among fasting populations. Two other studies noted that urine metabolites and density were altered with fasting but did not translate into clinical outcomes. Conclusions: Based on the available evidence, it is unlikely that fasting significantly increases the risk of renal stones. Physicians should counsel higher-risk patients on safe fasting practices.

scholarly journals Mortality rate and predictors of Stroke: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanual Getnet Mersha ◽  
Tadesse Melaku Abegaz ◽  
Mohammed Assen Seid ◽  
Eyob Alemayehu Gebreyohannes ◽  
Akshaya Srikanth Bhagavath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Stroke Mortality ◽  
Stroke Event ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Random Effect Models ◽  
Overall Mortality

Abstract Background Global data on stroke mortality remained to be sparse. In light of this, we aimed to conduct a Meta-analysis and systematic review of observational studies to estimate the mortality of stroke and to identify risk factors that predispose patients for stroke-related death.Methods This study was conducted based on the Meta-Analyses of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE) guidelines. Overall mortality, in-hospital and 30- day mortality due to stroke were the primary outcome measures of the study. The meta-analysis was performed using Stata (Version 14, Stata Corp, College Station, Texas). Random-effect models were used for estimating pooled effects.Findings Overall, thirty two studies assessed overall mortality due to stroke. A total number of 2,885, 126 patients were recruited for the study. Pooled estimate indicated that the overall mortality of stroke was reported to be 20% (19%-22%). Whereas, the 30-day and In-hospital mortality were found to be 18% (16%-20%) and 16% (16%-19%), respectively. A subgroup analysis revealed that Africa registered the highest stroke-related death 29% (23%-36%). Hypertension was found to be an important risk factor for mortality secondary to stroke 61.9% (52.8%-71.1%).Conclusion Overall mortality of stroke was estimated to be twenty percent. The burden of stroke mortality was prominent in Africa region. Hypertension remained to be an independent risk factor for stroke mortality. Mortality of stroke can be minimized by establishing stroke centers that promptly deliver emergency management of stroke event.

scholarly journals Pregnancy as a risk factor for severe outcomes from influenza virus infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

Vaccine ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 521-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dominik Mertz ◽  
Johanna Geraci ◽  
Judi Winkup ◽  
Bradford D. Gessner ◽  
Justin R. Ortiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Influenza Virus ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Virus Infection ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Influenza Virus Infection

Abstract 118: Right Bundle Branch Block and Clinical Outcomes in Patients with Heart Failure: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Hazem ◽  
Sunita Sharma ◽  
Amit Sharma ◽  
Cameron Leitch ◽  
Roopalakshmi Sharadanant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Bundle Branch Block ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Patients With Heart Failure ◽  
All Cause Mortality

Importance: Right bundle branch block (RBBB) is observed in approximately 5-14% of patients with heart failure (HF). Multiple observational studies have reported the association of RBBB with clinical outcomes in patients with HF. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the prognostic significance of RBBB for patients with HF. Data Sources: We have systematically searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane CENTRAL, Web of Science and Scopus through January 2014. Study Selection: Reviewers working independently and in duplicate screened all eligible abstracts that described all cause or cardiovascular mortality in patients with RBBB and HF. We excluded studies that reported unadjusted outcome, i.e.: unadjusted event rates. Knowledge synthesis: We pooled reported risk ratio and hazard ratio. Main Outcomes: All-cause mortality and cardiovascular mortality (death). Results: We found 12 relevant observational studies enrolling over 38,000 patients. Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Included studies had at least a moderate quality. Seven of those evaluated prognosis of patients with RBBB and heart failure. After a mean follow up period of 2.5 years (range: 1-5 years), RBBB was associated with a statistically significant increased risk of all-cause mortality compared to patients with heart failure but no BBB, RR 1.27, 95% CI (1.08-1.50), Figure 1. The other 5 studies evaluated CHF patients receiving cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT), comparing outcomes of patients with RBBB to those with LBBB. After a mean f/u period of 3 years, patients with RBBB were once again found to have an increased risk of all-cause mortality, RR 1.45, 95% CI 1.12-1.89. Conclusion and Relevance: RBBB in patients with HF is associated with higher all-cause mortality in comparison to patients without inter-ventricular conduction defects, as well as LBBB patients in patients undergoing CRT setting.

scholarly journals Periodontitis as a risk factor for peri-implantitis: Systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 79 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sérgio Diniz Ferreira ◽  
Carolina Castro Martins ◽  
Sergio Antonucci Amaral ◽  
Thais Ribeiral Vieira ◽  
Bárbara Nascimento Albuquerque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis

scholarly journals Clinical Outcomes with Antiviral Prophylaxis or Preemptive Therapy for Cytomegalovirus Disease after Liver Transplantation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Hui ◽  
Cui Xiangli ◽  
Wang Xin ◽  
Qiu Shuang ◽  
Liu Lihong
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Preemptive Therapy ◽  
Antiviral Prophylaxis ◽  
Cmv Infection ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Cmv Disease

Objectives：We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to compare the clinical outcomes of patients after liver transplantation accepting antiviral prophylaxis (AP) or preemptive therapy (PT) for preventing cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease. Methods: A literature search of PubMed, Cochrane, Embase was conducted up to June 1, 2016. References of the retrieved articles were also reviewed and relevant studies were included. The primary outcomes were incidence of CMV infection, incidence of CMV disease, mortality and opportunistic infection. The second outcomes were the mean time to CMV infection and CMV disease, adverse drug reaction (ADR). Sensitivity analysis and publication bias were evaluated. Results: 6 cohort studies involving 1091 liver-transplant recipients (LTRs) were included. All studies were with high quality according to Newcastle-Ottawa Scales (NOS). Incidence of CMV infection and CMV disease showed significant difference between the AP and PT in high-risk patients. There was no significant difference of CMV-related mortality (725 patients, OR 1.27, 95%CI 0.12-13.47, p=0.84) and other opportunistic infections (311 patients, OR 0.85, 95%CI 0.49-1.45, p=0.55) in all “at-risk” patients between the two strategies, whereas late-onset CMV infection and CMV disease were found in patients receiving AP. Conclusion: We recommended the use of AP instead of PT in the high risk patients, and PT could be used in moderate or low risk patients for the similar clinical outcomes in preventing CMV disease. RCTs comparing the two strategies are warranted. This article is open to POST-PUBLICATION REVIEW. Registered readers (see “For Readers”) may comment by clicking on ABSTRACT on the issue’s contents page.

scholarly journals Diabetes, obesity, hypertension and risk of severe COVID-19: a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. e051711
Author(s):  
Chaoyang Li ◽  
Nazrul Islam ◽  
Juan Pablo Gutierrez ◽  
Ben Lacey ◽  
Ronald L Moolenaar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Global Health ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Homeland Security ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
The Usa

IntroductionPrevious evidence from several countries, including China, Italy, Mexico, UK and the USA, indicates that among patients with confirmed COVID-19 who were hospitalised, diabetes, obesity and hypertension might be important risk factors for severe clinical outcomes. Several preliminary systematic reviews and meta-analyses have been conducted on one or more of these non-communicable diseases, but the findings have not been definitive, and recent evidence has become available from many more populations. Thus, we aim to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies to assess the relationship of diabetes, obesity and hypertension with severe clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19.Method and analysisWe will search 16 major databases (MEDLINE, Embase, Global Health, CAB Abstracts, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Academic Research Complete, Africa Wide Information, Scopus, PubMed Central, ProQuest Central, WHO Virtual Health Library, Homeland Security COVID-19 collection, SciFinder, Clinical Trials and Cochrane Library) for articles published between December 2019 and December 2020. We will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols 2016 guidelines for the design and reporting the results. We will include observational studies that assess the associations of pre-existing diabetes, obesity and hypertension in patients with COVID-19 with risk of severe clinical outcomes such as intensive care unit admission, receiving mechanical ventilation or death. Stata V.16.1 and R-Studio V.1.4.1103 statistical software will be used for statistical analysis. Meta-analysis will be used to estimate the pooled risks and to assess potential heterogeneities in risks.Ethics and disseminationThe study was reviewed for human subjects concerns by the US CDC Center for Global Health and determined to not represent human subjects research because it uses data from published studies. We plan to publish results in a peer-reviewed journal and present at national and international conferences.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021204371.

scholarly journals Impact of Androgen Suppression Therapy on the Risk and Prognosis of Bladder Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Xiang ◽  
Zhen Du ◽  
Yongxiu Hao ◽  
Di Guan ◽  
Dan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Cancer Specific Survival ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Androgen Suppression ◽  
The Impact

PurposeThe purpose of this study was to summarize the existing evidence and develop a comprehensive systematic review of the impact of androgen suppression therapy (AST) on the incidence or clinical outcomes of bladder cancer.MethodsWe systematically searched the PubMed and Embase databases from inception to June 20, 2021 to identify all observational studies examining the incidence or clinical outcomes of bladder cancer in patients who received AST. AST is defined as the use of 5-alpha reductase inhibitors (5-ARIs) or androgen deprivation therapy (ADT).ResultsA total of 18 observational studies were included. Our results showed that AST was not significantly associated with a reduced risk of BCa incidence (OR: 0.92, 95% CI: 0.68–1.24) compared with the lack of AST. The subgroup analysis revealed that finasteride use was significantly associated with a reduction in the risk of BCa incidence (OR: 0.75, 95% CI: 0.64–0.88). Recurrence-free survival (RFS) was improved among AST users compared with nonusers (HR: 0.68, 95% CI: 0.48–0.95), while no significant difference between AST users versus nonusers was identified for cancer-specific survival (CSS), overall survival (OS) or progression-free survival (PFS).ConclusionCurrent evidence indicates that therapy with finasteride may represent a potential strategy aimed at reducing BCa incidence. Moreover, AST has a beneficial effect on the recurrence of bladder cancer. Further well-designed randomized trials or cohort studies with better characterized study populations are needed to validate our preliminary findings.Systematic Review RegistrationInternational Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews database [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/], identifier CRD42021261685.

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