Association of the Hospitalization and in-hospital Mortality Rates with Aspartate Aminotransferase, Alanine Aminotransferase, Lactate Dehydrogenase, C-Reactive Protein, and Prothrombin Time Levels in Cancer Patients Admitted to the Emergency Department

Objective: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of the Lactate Dehydrogenase, C-Reactive Protein and Ferritin in suspected patients of COVID-19. Study Design: Cross-sectional validation study. Place and Duration of Study: Pathology department of Combined Military Hospital Lahore in the month of May 2020. Methodology: We included 101 adult (>18 years) symptomatic suspected COVID-19 patients of both genders. Children, pregnant women and asymptomatic patients were excluded from study. Age, gender and results of Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Lactate Dehydrogenase, C-Reactive Protein, ferritin were recorded. Results: Lactate Dehydrodenase had highest sensitivity (75%) with positive predictive value of 71.6% and diagnostic accuracy of 65.3% among three biochemical parameters studied. Receiver Operator Characteristic curve was studied. Area under curve of Lactate Dehydrogenase (AUC=0.65) and Ferritin (AUC=0.59) reflected their ability to prognosticate the presence of COVID19 disease. However, C-Reactive Protein (AUC=0.42) appeared to be a poor predictor of the disease. Conclusion: Raised serum Lactate Dehydrogenase (>490 U/L) and Ferritin (>152 ng/L) levels can be used to predict the Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction positivity for COVID-19 in the population of suspected patients of COVID19. However, C-Reactive Protein is a poor predictor of COVID-19.

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Comparative Survival Analysis of Immunomodulatory Therapy for COVID-19 ‘Cytokine Storm’: A Retrospective Observational Cohort Study

10.1101/2020.06.16.20126714 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Sonali Narain ◽

Dimitre G. Stefanov ◽

Alice S. Chau ◽

Andrew G. Weber ◽

Galina Marder ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽

Hospital Mortality ◽

Standard Of Care ◽

P Value ◽

Cytokine Storm ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Treatment Standard ◽

Observational Cohort ◽

Retrospective Observational Cohort Study

AbstractBackgroundCytokine storm is a marker of COVID-19 illness severity and increased mortality. Immunomodulatory treatments have been repurposed to improve mortality outcomes.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective analysis of electronic health records across the Northwell Health system. COVID-19 patients hospitalized between March 1, 2020 and April 15, 2020, were included. Cytokine storm was defined by inflammatory markers: ferritin >700ng/mL, C-reactive protein >30mg/dL, or lactate dehydrogenase >300U/L. Patients were subdivided into six groups -no immunomodulatory treatment (standard of care) and five groups that received either corticosteroids, anti-interleukin 6 (IL-6) antibody (tocilizumab) or anti-IL-1 therapy (anakinra) alone or in combination with corticosteroids. The primary outcome was hospital mortality.ResultsThere were 3,098 patients who met inclusion criteria. The most common comorbidities were hypertension (40-56%), diabetes (32-43%) and cardiovascular disease (2-15%). Patients most frequently met criteria with high lactate dehydrogenase (74.8%) alone, or in combination, followed by ferritin (71.4%) and C-reactive protein (9.4%). More than 80% of patients had an elevated D-dimer. Patients treated with a combination of tocilizumab and corticosteroids (Hazard Ratio [HR]: 0.459, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 0.295-0.714; p<0.0001) or corticosteroids alone (HR: 0.696, 95% CI: 0.512-0.946; p=0.01) had improved hospital survival compared to standard of care. Corticosteroids and tocilizumab was associated with increased survival when compared to corticosteroids and anakinra (HR: 0.612, 95% CI: 0.391-0.958; p-value=0.02).ConclusionsWhen compared to standard of care, corticosteroid and tocilizumab used in combination, or corticosteroids alone, was associated with reduced hospital mortality for patients with COVID-19 cytokine storm.

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Occupational effect of spray painting fumes on some biochemical parameters in automobile spray painters in Yenagoa Bayelsa State, Nigeria

World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews ◽

10.30574/wjarr.2021.9.2.0033 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 038-044

Author(s):

Emmanuel Tonbra Egoro ◽

Emmanuel Sunday Oni ◽

Jonathan Ebipade Lawrence

Keyword(s):

Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽

Alanine Aminotransferase ◽

Biochemical Parameters ◽

Control Group ◽

Chemical Toxicity ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Spray Painting ◽

Plasma Urea ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Experimental Group

Automobile spray painters are often prone to chemical toxicity due to their routine work. This study was aimed at the occupational effect of spray painting fumes on some biochemical parameters in automobile spray painters. Five milliliters of blood specimen were collected into lithium heparin anti-coagulated bottles from twenty five automobile spray painters with ≤ 10 years working experience (experimental group one), ≥ 11 years working experience (experimental group two) and non-automobile spray painters which were monitored as control group respectively. After this, plasma alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, C-reactive protein, urea and creatinine were measured quantitatively using a spectrophotometer. The mean values of all the measured biochemical parameters showed no statistically significant differences (p>0.05) in the automobile spray painters with ≤ 10 years working experience as compared with that of the control group with the exception of plasma C-reactive protein, while those with ≥ 11 years working experience showed statistically significant differences (p<0.05) in plasma alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and C-reactive protein however, the plasma urea and creatinine showed no statistically significant differences (p>0.05). In conclusion, the concentration of plasma alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and C-reactive protein may be altered in automobile spray painters with ≥ 11 years working experience, thus these biochemical parameters should be monitored regularly in spray painters within this category of working experience

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Assessment of selected biochemical parameters among food hawkers along the streets of Yenagoa Bayelsa State, Nigeria

GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.30574/gscbps.2021.16.3.0265 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 103-108

Author(s):

Emmanuel Tonbra Egoro ◽

Emmanuel Sunday Oni ◽

Otaraku Jonathan Oye ◽

Annabel Awele Idama

Keyword(s):

Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽

Alanine Aminotransferase ◽

Biochemical Parameters ◽

Control Group ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Mean Values ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Significant Difference ◽

The Mean ◽

Experimental Group

This study was aimed on assessment of selected biochemical parameters among food hawkers along the streets of Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria. Five milliliter of blood specimen was collected from fifteen food hawkers with ≤ 5 years working experience (experimental group one), ≥ 5 years working experience (experimental group two) and nonfood hawkers (control group) respectively into lithium heparin anti-coagulated bottles. Thereafter alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, urea, creatinine and C-reactive protein were measured quantitatively. The mean values of volunteers in experimental group one showed no statistically significant difference (p>0.05) in alanine aminotransferase (7.46 ± 1.02), aspartate aminotransferase (7.02 ± 0.86), urea (7.70 ± 1.29) and creatinine (70.44 ± 3.54) as compared with the control group (7.42 ± 0.98), (6.98 ± 0.82), (7.65 ± 1.28) and (70.40 ± 3.52) respectively, but there was a statistically significant difference (p<0.05) in C-reactive protein (17.40 ± 1.98) when compared with the control group (2.70 ± 0.70). However, the mean values of food hawkers in experimental group two showed statistically significant difference (p< 0.05) in all the measured biochemical parameters 27.70±2.98, 21.40±2.06, 15.50±2.02, 110.70±3.74, 29.42±3.20 as compared with that of the control group 7.42±0.98, 6.98±0.82, 7.65±1.28, 70.40±3.52, 2.74±0.70. The volunteers in experimental groups one and two showed 13% -27% and 53% -80% abnormal values of the measured biochemical parameters respectively as compared with that of the control group. In conclusion, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, urea, creatinine and C-reactive protein may be altered in food hawkers with ≥ 5 years working experience. It is therefore recommended that food hawkers in this category should go for hepato-renal and inflammatory biochemical parameters checkup occasionally in any registered and licensed Medical Laboratory Facility.

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The effect of dioxidovanadium complex (V) on hepatic function in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology ◽

10.1139/cjpp-2019-0369 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 97 (12) ◽

pp. 1169-1175

Author(s):

Samukelisiwe Sibiya ◽

Bonisiwe Msibi ◽

Andile Khathi ◽

Ntethelelo Sibiya ◽

Irvin Booysen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽

Alanine Aminotransferase ◽

Blood Glucose Concentration ◽

Experimental Period ◽

Hepatic Function ◽

Diabetic Rats ◽

Vanadium Complex ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Reactive Protein

Diabetics are susceptible to hepatic dysfunction risks due to hyperglycaemia and insulin therapy. Conventional diabetes treatments improve glycaemic control; however, hepatic hazards associated with these agents remains a challenge. Accordingly, this study sought to investigate the effect of a dioxidovanadium complex (V) on the hepatic function in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Sprague-Dawley rats (240–250 g) were divided into 4 groups (n = 6): nondiabetic control, diabetic control, insulin-treated, and vanadium complex groups. The dioxidovanadium (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg) was administered twice every 2nd day for 5 weeks and blood glucose concentration was monitored weekly. At the end of the experimental period, all the experimental groups were sacrificed, and then the lipid profile, liver superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and malondialdehyde, plasma alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase, and C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration were measured. The administration of dioxidovanadium significantly alleviated hyperglycaemia with concomitant attenuation in oxidative stress as evidenced by reduced malondialdehyde concentrations. Furthermore, vanadium complex abolished diabetes-induced dyslipidaemia. Lastly, vanadium complex administration attenuated the increase in alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and plasma C-reactive protein. These findings suggest that this metallo-compound (dioxidovanadium) may ameliorate liver dysfunction often observed in diabetes.

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Prognostic value of combined data on enzymes and inflammation markers in plasma in cases of severe head injury.

Clinical Chemistry ◽

10.1093/clinchem/29.11.1904 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 29 (11) ◽

pp. 1904-1907 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

A Bourguignat ◽

A Albert ◽

G Férard ◽

P A Tulasne ◽

I Kempf ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽

Head Injury ◽

Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽

Severe Head Injury ◽

Risk Index ◽

Control Sample ◽

Biochemical Parameter ◽

Inflammation Markers ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Reactive Protein

Abstract We measured certain enzyme activities (aldolase, aspartate aminotransferase, creatine kinase, and lactate dehydrogenase) and inflammation markers (alpha 1-antitrypsin, C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, and leukocytes) each day for four days in plasma of patients with severe head injury. The univariate prognostic efficiency of each biochemical parameter was assessed 24, 48, 72, and 96 h after trauma. By stepwise multivariate analysis applied every day, we found that (a) four variables, two enzymes (lactate dehydrogenase and aspartate aminotransferase) and two inflammation markers (C-reactive protein and leukocytes), sufficed to reliably predict the patient's outcome and (b) data recorded at 72 h best discriminated between survivors and nonsurvivors. A risk index based on the four selected variables and validated on a large control sample allowed the correct allocation of, respectively, 90% of survivors and 88% of nonsurvivors at 72 h. We discuss why results obtained at 72 h are more predictive than those obtained at any other of the times considered.

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A comparative study between two techniques of subtotal laparoscopic cholecystectomy in goats

The Iraqi Journal of Veterinary Medicine ◽

10.30539/iraqijvm.v38i2.232 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 38 (2) ◽

pp. 114-122

Author(s):

M. J. Eesa

Keyword(s):

Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy ◽

Liver Function ◽

Cystic Duct ◽

Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽

Alanine Aminotransferase ◽

Liver Function Tests ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Group A ◽

Group B

A comparison between two techniques of subtotal laparoscopic cholecystectomy was studied to find the best technique for treating severe cholecystitis and to study the fate of the remaining part of the gallbladder. All experimental animals had inducing cholecystitis by clipping the cystic duct for five days which was enough for inducing cholecystitis in goats. 24 adult female goats were used in this study, which were divided randomly into two equal groups; subtotal laparoscopic cholecystectomy with cystic duct and cystic artery clipping by titanium clips (group A) and laparoscopic subtotal cholecystectomy with cystic duct clipping only (group B). Operations were performed under general anesthesia by using thiopental sodium at a dose of 15 mg/Kg. B.W. intravenously to maintain the inhalation anesthesia by endotracheal tube with a mixture of halothane (1.5- 2.5 %) and oxygen (2-3 %). The intraabdominal pressure with CO2 was used at a low pressure 8-10 mmHg. The liver function tests including; alkaline phosphates (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total serum bilirubin and C- reactive protein were measured in different intervals; before operation (zero day) and at 1hr, 1st, 3rd, 5th and 7th postoperative day. The liver function tests showed a significant elevation (P< 0.05) in alkaline phosphates (ALP) and in the total bilirubin values in group B (P> 0.05) comparison with group A and no significant difference in alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and C- reactive protein between all experimental groups as well as time intervals. The biopsies were taken at the 3rd, 7th and 15th postoperative day for histopathological of the remaining part of gallbladder which showed that subtotal cholecystectomies could be performed successfully with the two techniques, appeared degeneration in the remaining part of the gallbladder and offers best in the healing stages.

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Biomarkers of cytokine storm as red flags for severe and fatal COVID-19 cases: A living systematic review and meta-analysis

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0253894 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (6) ◽

pp. e0253894

Author(s):

Ana Karla G. Melo ◽

Keilla M. Milby ◽

Ana Luiza M. A. Caparroz ◽

Ana Carolina P. N. Pinto ◽

Rodolfo R. P. Santos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽

Interleukin 6 ◽

Aspartate Aminotransferase ◽

Laboratory Data ◽

Cytokine Storm ◽

Red Flags ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Laboratory Parameters ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

D Dimer

Objective To describe the laboratory parameters and biomarkers of the cytokine storm syndrome associated with severe and fatal COVID-19 cases. Methods A search with standardized descriptors and synonyms was performed on November 28th, 2020 of the MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, ClinicalTrials.gov, LILACS, and IBECS to identify studies of interest. Grey literature searches and snowballing techniques were additionally utilized to identify yet-unpublished works and related citations. Two review authors independently screened the retrieved titles and abstracts, selected eligible studies for inclusion, extracted data from the included studies, and then assessed the risk of bias using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Eligible studies were those including laboratory parameters—including serum interleukin-6 levels—from mild, moderate, or severe COVID-19 cases. Laboratory parameters, such as interleukin-6, ferritin, hematology, C-Reactive Protein, procalcitonin, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, creatinine, and D-dimer, were extracted from the studies. Meta-analyses were conducted using the laboratory data to estimate mean differences with associated 95% confidence intervals. Data synthesis The database search yielded 9,620 records; 40 studies (containing a total of 9,542 patients) were included in the final analysis. Twenty-one studies (n = 4,313) assessed laboratory data related to severe COVID-19 cases, eighteen studies (n = 4,681) assessed predictors for fatal COVID-19 cases and one study (n = 548) assessed laboratory biomarkers related to severe and fatal COVID-19 cases. Lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia, and elevated levels of interleukin-6, ferritin, D-dimer, aspartate aminotransferase, C-Reactive-Protein, procalcitonin, creatinine, neutrophils and leucocytes were associated with severe and fatal COVID-19 cases. Conclusions This review points to interleukin-6, ferritin, leukocytes, neutrophils, lymphocytes, platelets, C-Reactive Protein, procalcitonin, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase, creatinine, and D-dimer as important biomarkers of cytokine storm syndrome. Elevated levels of interleukin-6 and hyperferritinemia should be considered as red flags of systemic inflammation and poor prognosis in COVID-19.

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Association of High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein with In-Hospital Mortality in Patients with Acute St-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction

Nepalese Heart Journal ◽

10.3126/njh.v17i2.32676 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 33-37

Author(s):

Samir K Poudel ◽

Aryan Parajuli ◽

Lata Gautam ◽

Ram K Shah ◽

Arun Maskey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Emergency Department ◽

Chest Pain ◽

Serum Level ◽

Hospital Mortality ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Acute Stemi ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

Hs Crp

Background and Aims: Among the various biomarkers, high sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (hs-CRP) has been widely studied and is easy to use in the prognostication of patients with acute ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). This study aimed to associate serum level of hs-CRP with in-hospital mortality in patients presented with acute STEMI. Methods: This was a hospital-based prospective observational study conducted in Shahid Gangalal National Heart Centre among patients presented to the emergency department with chest pain of less than 24 hours duration, who were diagnosed subsequently to have STEMI. Patients who had known chronic inflammatory diseases, septic foci and chest pain of over 24 hours were excluded from the study. Blood sample for Hs-CRP was sent from the emergency department and was measured with Finecare TM FIA system; Model number: FS-112. The study was conducted from April 2019 to March 2020. Patient outcomes were stratified as per the four groups of serum level of hs-CRP and among them the relationship between mortality and hs-CRP level was tested with chi-square test. The p-value across the groups was again tested for inter-group significance using the Bonferroni adjusted significance level. Results: 140 patients (112 males and 28 females) with mean age of 58.1±14.86 years were enrolled in the study. There was no increased in-hospital mortality in acute STEMI patients who had serum level of hs-CRP below 3 mg/l. In-hospital mortality showed an increasing trend above this level but it reached statistical significance beyond 10 mg/l only. Thirty five percent of our patients of acute STEMI were found to have serum level of hs-CRP above this threshold. The total in-hospital mortality was 13 (9.28%). Conclusion: The increased serum level of hs-CRP was associated with increased in-hospital mortality in patients with acute STEMI.

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