scholarly journals The Origin of Dark Energy and Cosmic Expansion and Contraction

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Liang
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Dark Energy ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Energy Level ◽  
Radiation Field ◽  
Lower Energy ◽  
Destructive Interference ◽  
Cosmic Expansion ◽  
Universe Expand ◽  
The Universe

<p class="1Body">This article proves that the photons of lower energy are annihilated into dark energy due to the destructive interference of light, and the increase of dark energy makes the universe expand, the Hubble formula could be derived based on it. The energy level of matter reduces, more and more matter becomes the dark matter in the process. The universe stops expanding and starts to contract in the action of gravity when the energy density of radiation field becomes small enough in it.</p>

scholarly journals Do we come from a quantum anomaly?

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (14) ◽  
pp. 1944002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Spyros Basilakos ◽  
Nick E. Mavromatos ◽  
Joan Solà Peracaula
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Dark Energy ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Hubble Parameter ◽  
Vacuum Energy ◽  
Vacuum Energy Density ◽  
Quantum Anomaly ◽  
Inflationary Phase ◽  
Axion Field ◽  
The Universe

We present a string-based picture of the cosmological evolution in which (CP-violating) gravitational anomalies acting during the inflationary phase of the universe cause the vacuum energy density to “run” with the effective Hubble parameter squared, [Formula: see text], thanks to the axion field of the bosonic string multiplet. This leads to baryogenesis through leptogenesis with massive right-handed neutrinos. The generation of chiral matter after inflation helps in cancelling the anomalies in the observable radiation- and matter-dominated eras. The present era inherits the same “running vacuum” structure triggered during the inflationary time by the axion field. The current dark energy is thus predicted to be mildly dynamical, and dark matter should be made of axions. Paraphrasing Carl Sagan [ https://www.goodreads.com/author/quotes/10538.Carl_Sagan .]: we are all anomalously made from starstuff.

scholarly journals CAN BRANS–DICKE SCALAR FIELD ACCOUNT FOR DARK ENERGY AND DARK MATTER?

2006 ◽  
Vol 21 (15) ◽  
pp. 1241-1248 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. ARIK ◽  
M. C. ÇALIK
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Dark Energy ◽  
Scalar Field ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Late Time ◽  
Energy Contribution ◽  
Time Solution ◽  
The Universe

By using a linearized non-vacuum late time solution in Brans–Dicke cosmology, we account for the 75% dark energy contribution but not for approximately 23% dark matter contribution to the present day energy density of the universe.

A study on the modified holographic Ricci dark energy in logarithmic f(T) gravity

2013 ◽  
Vol 91 (4) ◽  
pp. 351-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Pasqua ◽  
Surajit Chattopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Dark Energy ◽  
Equation Of State ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Modified Gravity ◽  
State Parameter ◽  
Ricci Dark Energy ◽  
Equation Of State Parameter ◽  
Interaction Term ◽  
The Universe

In this paper, we have studied and investigated the behavior of a modified holographic Ricci dark energy (DE) model interacting with pressureless dark matter (DM) under the theory of modified gravity, dubbed logarithmic f(T) gravity. We have chosen the interaction term between DE and DM in the form Q = 3γHρm and investigated the behavior of the torsion, T, the Hubble parameter, H, the equation of state parameter, ωDE, the energy density of DE, ρDE, and the energy density contribution due to torsion, ρT, as functions of the redshift, z. We have found that T increases with the redshift, z, H increases with the evolution of the universe, ωDE has a quintessence-like behavior, and both energy densities increase going from higher to lower redshifts.

scholarly journals DARK ENERGY, DARK MATTER AND FERMION FAMILIES IN THE TWO MEASURES THEORY

2004 ◽  
Vol 19 (31) ◽  
pp. 5325-5332 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. I. GUENDELMAN ◽  
A. B. KAGANOVICH
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Dark Energy ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Coupling Constants ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Electron Mass ◽  
Total Energy Density ◽  
Fermion Fields ◽  
New Type ◽  
The Universe

A field theory is proposed where the regular fermionic matter and the dark fermionic matter are different states of the same "primordial" fermion fields. In regime of the fermion densities typical for normal particle physics, each of the primordial fermions splits into three generations identified with regular fermions. In a simple model, this fermion families birth effect is accompanied with the right lepton numbers conservation laws. It is possible to fit the muon to electron mass ratio without fine tuning of the Yukawa coupling constants. When fermion energy density becomes comparable with dark energy density, the theory allows new type of states - Cosmo-Low Energy Physics (CLEP) states. Neutrinos in CLEP state can be both a good candidate for dark matter and responsible for a new type of dark energy. In the latter case the total energy density of the universe is less than it would be in the universe free of fermionic matter at all. The (quintessence) scalar field is coupled to dark matter but its coupling to regular fermionic matter appears to be extremely suppressed.

COUPLED QUINTESSENCE AND THE COINCIDENCE PROBLEM

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 831-842 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. MANGANO ◽  
G. MIELE ◽  
V. PETTORINO
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Dark Energy ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Cosmological Constant ◽  
Phenomenological Model ◽  
Coincidence Problem ◽  
Strongly Coupled ◽  
Coexisting Phases ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Universe Evolution

We consider a model of interacting cosmological constant/quintessence, where dark matter and dark energy behave as, respectively, two coexisting phases of a fluid, a thermally excited Bose component and a condensate, respectively. In a simple phenomenological model for the dark components interaction we find that their energy density evolution is strongly coupled during the universe evolution. This feature provides a possible way out for the coincidence problem affecting many quintessence models.

scholarly journals The Dark Matter and Dark Energy in Cosmic Evolution

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Bin Liang
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Dark Energy ◽  
Radiation Field ◽  
Destructive Interference ◽  
Gravitation Field ◽  
Energy Radiation ◽  
Cosmic Evolution ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Cosmic Model

This article is on an in-depth study of the relationship between the dark matter, dark energy, radiation field and gravitation field, based on the standard cosmic model and the principle that dark energy is originated from the destructive interference of electromagnetic radiation field. It explains the dynamic mechanism of cosmic expansion and contraction, and calculates the densities of dark matter, dark energy, radiation field and gravitation field.

Today’s Standard Models of Particles and Gravity

2018 ◽  
pp. 129-131
Author(s):  
Alvaro De Rújula
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Dark Energy ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Quantum Gravity ◽  
Dark Energy Density ◽  
The Standard Model ◽  
Standard Models ◽  
Drawing Board ◽  
Hubble’S Law ◽  
The Universe

The missing particle of the standard model: the “axion.” Our considerable ignorance concerning dark matter and the dark energy density of the Universe. No decent theory of quantum gravity. How all this sends us back to the drawing board, and to return to observations of the Universe, starting with Hubble’s law of its expansion.

scholarly journals INTERACTION BETWEEN DARK ENERGY AND DARK MATTER: OBSERVATIONAL CONSTRAINTS FROM OHD, BAO, CMB AND SNe Ia

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (14) ◽  
pp. 1350082 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHUO CAO ◽  
NAN LIANG
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Dark Energy ◽  
Observational Constraints ◽  
Coincidence Problem ◽  
Cosmological Constraints ◽  
Coincidence Index ◽  
Acceleration Of The Universe ◽  
Interaction Term ◽  
Negative Coupling ◽  
The Universe

In order to test if there is energy transfer between dark energy (DE) and dark matter (DM), we investigate cosmological constraints on two forms of nontrivial interaction between the DM sector and the sector responsible for the acceleration of the universe, in light of the newly revised observations including OHD, CMB, BAO and SNe Ia. More precisely, we find the same tendencies for both phenomenological forms of the interaction term Q = 3γHρ, i.e. the parameter γ to be a small number, |γ| ≈ 10-2. However, concerning the sign of the interaction parameter, we observe that γ > 0 when the interaction between dark sectors is proportional to the energy density of dust matter, whereas the negative coupling (γ < 0) is preferred by observations when the interaction term is proportional to DE density. We further discuss two possible explanations to this incompatibility and apply a quantitative criteria to judge the severity of the coincidence problem. Results suggest that the γm IDE model with a positive coupling may alleviate the coincidence problem, since its coincidence index C is smaller than that for the γd IDE model, the interacting quintessence and phantom models by four orders of magnitude.

scholarly journals On The Symmetry of The Universe

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Engel Roza
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Dark Energy ◽  
Thermodynamic Equilibrium ◽  
Vacuum Energy ◽  
Quantum Mechanical ◽  
Baryonic Matter ◽  
Time Uncertainty ◽  
Matter Effect ◽  
Mechanical Interpretation ◽  
The Universe

It is shown that the Lambda component in the cosmological Lambda-CDM model can be conceived as vacuum energy, consisting of gravitational particles subject to Heisenberg&rsquo;s energy-time uncertainty. These particles can be modelled as elementary polarisable Dirac-type dipoles (&ldquo;darks&rdquo;) in a fluidal space at thermodynamic equilibrium, with spins that are subject to the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy. Around the baryonic kernels, uniformly distributed in the universe, the spins are polarized, thereby invoking an increase of the effective gravitational strength of the kernels. It explains the dark matter effect to the extent that the numerical value of Milgrom&rsquo;s acceleration constant can be assessed by theory. Non-polarized vacuum particles beyond the baryonic kernels compose the dark energy. The result is a quantum mechanical interpretation of gravity in terms of quantitatively established shares in baryonic matter, dark matter and dark energy, which correspond with the values of the Lambda-CDM model..

Ghost dark energy in Rastall theory

2021 ◽  
pp. 2150090
Author(s):  
E. E. Kangal ◽  
M. Salti ◽  
O. Aydogdu
Keyword(s):  
Dark Energy ◽  
Energy Density ◽  
Text Analysis ◽  
Functional Form ◽  
Expansion Rate ◽  
Dark Energy Density ◽  
Cosmic Expansion ◽  
Astrophysical Data ◽  
Ghost Dark Energy ◽  
History Of

Making use of the generalized form of the Ghost dark energy density, which has the functional form [Formula: see text] where [Formula: see text] represents the Hubble expanding rate, the present accelerated enlargement behavior of the cosmos is investigated from the Rastall theory perspective. After finding a relation for the Hubble cosmic expansion rate, we consider recent cosmology-independent measurements calculated for the expansion history of the cosmos to fit the model via the [Formula: see text]-analysis. Moreover, we discuss the cosmographic properties of the model with the help of some cosmological quantities. We show that our model is stable and consistent with the recent astrophysical data. Also, for our model, we investigate cosmological interpretations of thermodynamics.

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