Soil Physical Attributes and Organic Carbon in a Cohesive Yellow Latosol (Oxisol) Under Different Soil Management Systems in the Coastal Plains of Bahia, Brazil

Although soil physical attributes are determining factors of soil quality and for root development of crops, they are often neglected when dealing with soil management, which refers only to fertility. The objective of this work was to evaluate soil physical characteristics, organic carbon content and carbon stock levels in yellow Latosol cohesive distrophic coastal plains of Bahia, Brazil, where different soil management systems were implemented. Soil texture, water dispersible clay, flocculation index, soil density and porosity, liquid limit, plastic limit, plasticity index, stability of aggregates, organic carbon content and resistance to penetration were evaluated from soil samples collected in the 40 cm-top soil. The different soil plot covers consisted of (i) Eucalyptus with grasses (EGR), (ii) Eucalyptus with spontaneous vegetation (EVE), (iii) fallow (POU), (iv) pasture (PAS), and (v) native forest (MN). It was found that EVE and MN contributed to greater stability of larger aggregates in the 20-40 cm-soil layer compared to EGR, PAS and POU. The high organic matter contents of soils of the cultivated plots (EVE and EGR) increased the limits of consistency. Soil management systems with Eucalyptus and pasture contributed to accelerate the oxidation process and the loss of C.

Download Full-text

Impact of Soil Management on Organic Carbon Content and Aggregate Stability

Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis ◽

10.1080/00103620701435456 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 38 (13-14) ◽

pp. 1673-1690 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Haibo Li ◽

Xiaozeng Han ◽

Feng Wang ◽

Yunfa Qiao ◽

Baoshan Xing

Keyword(s):

Organic Carbon ◽

Carbon Content ◽

Aggregate Stability ◽

Soil Management ◽

Organic Carbon Content

Download Full-text

CO2 emissions and soil carbon mineralisation under different systems

Revista Agro mbiente On-line ◽

10.18227/1982-8470ragro.v13i0.5633 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 ◽

pp. 211

Author(s):

André Carlos Auler ◽

Hagata Hennipman ◽

Filipe Jacques ◽

Jucimare Romaniw ◽

Aghata Charnobay

Keyword(s):

Organic Carbon ◽

Co2 Emissions ◽

Management Systems ◽

Native Forest ◽

Organic Carbon Content ◽

No Tillage ◽

Agricultural Systems ◽

Soil Layers ◽

Fruit Orchard ◽

Conventional Ct

Usage and management alter the dynamics of soil organic carbon (SOC). The aim of this study was to compare the CO2 emissions in a Typic Humudept under different uses, and to relate the effects of CO2 emissions to the organic carbon content of the soil. Soil samples were collected from the 0-0.05, 0.05-0.10, 0.10-0.15 and 0.15-0.20 m layers under the following agricultural systems: no-tillage (NT), conventional (CT) and fruit orchard (FO). Samples were also collected from an area of native forest (NF) adopted as reference. The variables under evaluation were CO2 emissions and SOC content. Interaction between the usage or management systems and the soil layers influenced CO2 emissions in the soil. However, there was a difference in CO2 emissions between the soil layers under NF and CT only. In the 0-0.20 m layer, there was no difference in CO2 emissions under FO or CT, however these were greater than under NF or NT. In turn, the emissions under NT were lower than under NF at this layer. Furthermore, the systems with greater CO2 emissions showed less SOC. As such, in a Typic Humudept, the no-tillage management system results in reduced CO2 emissions. Greater SOC mineralisation has a direct impact on higher CO2 emissions.

Download Full-text

Distribution of Nutrients in Sundarbans Coastal Ecosystem- A Case study

Agropedology ◽

10.47114/j.agroped.2017.jun6 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 27 (1) ◽

Author(s):

R. Srinivasan ◽

◽

D. C. Nayak ◽

S. K. Singh ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Carbon ◽

Carbon Content ◽

Nitrogen Content ◽

Soil Management ◽

Available Phosphorus ◽

Organic Carbon Content ◽

Available Nitrogen ◽

Management Units ◽

Very High

The distribution of nutrients were studied in six soil management units identified viz., Chandipur, Biprodaspur, Pathankhali, Manmathanagar-I, Manmathanagar-II and Bhupendranagar of Gosaba block (part) of sundarbans ecosystem. Data indicated that the soils were strongly acidic (< 4.5) to neutral in reaction and associated with marginal to severe salinity (> 13.3 dS m-1). The organic carbon content ranged from 0.67 to 1.66% in surface and 0.15 to 3.44% in sub-soils. The available nitrogen content varied from 90 to 502 kg ha-1 and it changed significantly with depth. The available phosphorus varied from 0.5 to 24.7 kg ha-1. Available potassium and sulphur in soils are very high, ranging from 178 to 572 kg ha-1 and 25 to 706 mg kg-1 respectively. DTPA -Fe and Mn varied from 18.9 to 336 and 2.17 to 37.6 mg kg-1 in soils being higher in sub-surface horizons, and DTPA- Zn and Cu ranged 0.27 to 4.73 and 0.63 to 14.5 mg kg-1 respectively.

Download Full-text

Combination of subsurface organic fertilization and film mulching could effectively optimize soil structure in saline alkali soil

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-21144 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Hongyuan Zhang ◽

Huancheng Pang ◽

Chuang Lu ◽

Jing Wang ◽

Guoli Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Carbon ◽

Pore Structure ◽

Carbon Content ◽

Soil Aggregates ◽

Soil Layer ◽

Average Weight ◽

Organic Carbon Content ◽

Organic Fertilization ◽

Plastic Mulching ◽

Film Mulching

Abstract&#65306;Saline soil has a serious negative effect on crop growth in the world, subsurface organic fertilizationcombined with plastic film mulching (OMP) is one of the effective measures to solve this issue, which could alleviate salt stress, increase nutrient content and microflora diversity, then furtherly improve crop productivity. However, its impact on soil structure especially soil pore structure has not well documented, so a three-year experiment was conducted to analysis effect of OMP on aggregate distribution and stability, aggregate organic carbon distribution and pore size distribution, during 2015-2017 in Wuyuan Country, Inner Mongolia, China. Four treatments were set in the experiment, including plowing without plastic mulching (CK), plowing plus plastic mulching (PM), subsurface (10&#8211;30 cm) treatment with organic manure (OM), and OM plus plastic mulching (OMP). The results showed that in condition of no mulching OM significantly increased the 0.25-2mm aggregates content (18.09%) in 10-30cm soil layer, and significantly increased the organic carbon content of > 2mm (30.79-158.76%) and 0.25-2mm aggregates (161.27-290.94%) in each soil layer compared with CK.In condition of mulching, only OMP can significantly increase the average weight diameter (21.58% for 0-10 cm and 55.95% for 10-30 cm) and the organic carbon content (2.44-94.35% for 0-10 cm and 23.23-215.29% for 10-30 cm) of soil aggregates compared with CK.&#160; Under the condition of subsurface organic fertilization (OM, OMP), the dominant particle size of each soil layer changed from < 0.053 mm aggregate to 0.25-2 mm aggregate, which increased the content of large aggregate and water stability.Compared with OM, the average weight diameter of soil aggregates in 0-10cm and 10-30cm soil layers of OMP increased by 21.58% and 14.36% respectively, but the content of organic carbon in each particle size aggregate in 0-10cm and 10-30cm soil of OMP decreased by 4.24-24.89% and 19.35-40.26% respectively. Furtherly, the large porosity (greater than 30 &#956;m) of 10-30cm and 30-40cm soil layers of OMP increased by 10.52% and 0.71% than that of CK, and the porosity of each equivalent pore size range also increased significantly. Therefore, combination of subsurface organic fertilization and film mulching could effectively optimize soil physical structure by increasing the stability of soil aggregates, maintaining higher organic carbon content, enhancing soil respiration and improving soil pore structure.Key words&#65306;Saline alkali soil; organic fertilizer; soil aggregate; soil pore structure; micro CT

Download Full-text

Proposed classification for human modified soils in Canada: Anthroposolic order

Canadian Journal of Soil Science ◽

10.4141/cjss2011-028 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 92 (1) ◽

pp. 7-18 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

M. Anne Naeth ◽

Heather A. Archibald ◽

Candace L. Nemirsky ◽

Leonard A. Leskiw ◽

J. Anthony Brierley ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Carbon ◽

Carbon Content ◽

Water Regime ◽

Soil Layer ◽

Soil Classification ◽

Field Testing ◽

Anthropogenic Activity ◽

Organic Carbon Content ◽

Regulatory Frameworks ◽

Disturbed Soils

Naeth, M. A., Archibald, H. A., Nemirsky, C. L., Leskiw, L. A., Brierley, J. A., Bock, M. D., VandenBygaart, A. J. and Chanasyk, D. S. 2012. Proposed classification for human modified soils in Canada: Anthroposolic order. Can. J. Soil Sci. 92: 7–18. With increasing anthropogenic activity, the areal extent of disturbed soils is becoming larger and disturbances more intense. Regulatory frameworks must incorporate reclamation criteria for these disturbed soils, requiring consistent descriptions and interpretations. Many human altered soils cannot be classified using the Canadian System of Soil Classification (CSSC), thus an Anthroposolic Order is proposed. Anthroposols are azonal soils, highly modified or constructed by human activity, with one or more natural horizons removed, removed and replaced, added to, or significantly modified. Defining features are severe disruption of soil forming factors and introduction of potentially new pedogenic trajectories. Disturbed layers are anthropic in origin and contain materials significantly modified physically and/or chemically by human activities. Three great groups are defined by presence of anthropogenic artefacts and organic carbon content. Six subgroups are based on a cover soil layer with higher organic carbon content than the profile below it, on depth of disturbance, on drainage characteristics and water regime at the site. Some new phases and modifiers, in addition to traditional ones used in the CSSC, are based on chemical and physical properties and origins of anthropogenic artefacts. The proposed classification has been successfully applied to reclaimed profiles and is ready for widespread field testing.

Download Full-text

Emission of CO2 and Organic Carbon Content in Different Pasture Management Systems

International Journal of Plant & Soil Science ◽

10.9734/ijpss/2019/v28i430118 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Déborah Hoffmam Crause ◽

Edney Leandro da Vitória ◽

Carla Da Penha Simon ◽

Élcio das Graça Lacerda ◽

Tatiana Fiorotti Rodrigues ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Organic Carbon ◽

Carbon Content ◽

Management System ◽

Co2 Flux ◽

Native Vegetation ◽

Native Forest ◽

Organic Carbon Content ◽

Intensive Management ◽

Extensive Management ◽

Temperature And Humidity

Inadequate soil management is one of the primary causes of pasture degradation, aggravated by the replacement of natural forest environments with cultivated pastures. Thus, the objective of the present study was to quantify the flux of CO2 and organic carbon of the soil in grasslands undergoing intensive and extensive management, and in a native forest. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design, with three treatments: intensive management system (IMS), extensive management system (EMS), and native vegetation (NV). The collected soil variables consisted of CO2 flux, organic carbon, temperature, and humidity. The CO2 flux quantification was obtained using LI-COR 8100-A equipment, chamber model 103. Carbon determination was performed according to EMBRAPA methodology, and soil temperature and humidity were plotted using a model 5TM Decagon Devices® sensor. The respective mean CO2 flux values for the IMS, EMS, and NV were 2.18; 4.04, and 1.69 μmol CO2 m-2 s-1, and the values found for organic carbon content were 32.9; 24.3, and 14.9 g kg-1, respectively. The intensive management system exhibited higher CO2 flux from the soil to the atmosphere, and the soil containing native vegetation displayed greater values of organic carbon content.

Download Full-text

The stability of aggregates and organic carbon content after the application of gypsum, soil scarification and a succession of agricultural crops

Bioscience Journal ◽

10.14393/bj-v36n3a2020-42333 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 36 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Milton César Costa Campos ◽

Eduardo Santos Neves dos Santos ◽

Fernando Gomes de Souza ◽

Jose Mauricio Cunha ◽

Elyenayra Nogueira Pinheiro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Experimental Design ◽

Organic Carbon ◽

Soil Organic Carbon ◽

Carbon Content ◽

Organic Carbon Content ◽

Agricultural Crops ◽

Agricultural Systems ◽

Soil Scarification ◽

Physical Attributes ◽

The Stability

Studies related to the monitoring of soil quality by physical attributes are important for the evaluation and maintenance of the sustainability of agricultural systems, besides indicating the appropriate management of the environment, aiming at its conservation and productivity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the stability of aggregates and organic carbon after the application of gypsum, soil scarification and a succession of crops. The treatments consisted of an absence and addition of gypsum, absence and presence of soil scarification, and three systems of crops in succession. The experimental design was made of randomized blocks, in a 2x2x4 factorial scheme, with eight replications. The aggregates were evaluated as stabled in water and soil organic carbon content. The treatment where gypsum was applied, as well as the soybean/maize/brachiaria/fallow (SMBF) succession system, presented better results in soil aggregation and higher levels of organic carbon.

Download Full-text

Foresttopsoil organic carbon content inSouthwest Bohemiaregion

Journal of Forest Science ◽

10.17221/4519-jfs ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 52 (No. 9) ◽

pp. 387-398 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

E. Cienciala ◽

Z. Exnerová ◽

J. Macků ◽

V. Henžlík

Keyword(s):

Organic Carbon ◽

Carbon Content ◽

Bulk Density ◽

Soil Layer ◽

Sample Volume ◽

National Forest Inventory ◽

Organic Layer ◽

Organic Carbon Content ◽

Mineral Layer ◽

Mineral Horizon

The aim of this study was to evaluate organic carbon content (SOC) in the surface layers of forest soils in the two Natural Forest Regions situated in Southwest Bohemia, namely Západočeská pahorkatina (NFR 6) and Český les (NFR 11). The study is based upon on two consecutive soil sampling campaigns during autumn 2003 and 2004. While the sampling of 2003 was inadequate to estimate bulk density, the consecutive campaign used a defined sample volume to permit an estimation of bulk density and quantification of soil organic carbon (SOC) for soil organic layers and the upper mineral horizon. The total sampling depth was 30 cm including both organic and mineral layer. SOC of organic horizon was on average 1.99 kg C/m2. It differed by stand site type ranging from 0.70 to 3.04 kg C/m2. The organic layer SOC was smallest under beech (1.03 kg C/m2), whereas it was higher under pine (2.19 kg C/m2) and spruce (2.09 kg C/m2). SOC in the mineral layer was in average 7.28 kg C/m2. SOC differed significantly by the major tree species and reached 10.6; 5.67 and 7.5 kg C/m2 for beech, pine and spruce sites, respectively. The average SOC for the total soil layer (0–30 cm) reached 9.33 kg C/m2. The methodological aspects of regional estimation of SOC and the potential of utilization of the national forest inventory program are also discussed.

Download Full-text

S-Index as an indicator of physical quality in soils of the Paraná state

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental ◽

10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v22n7p458-464 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 22 (7) ◽

pp. 458-464

Author(s):

João H. Caviglione

Keyword(s):

Organic Carbon ◽

Carbon Content ◽

Bulk Density ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Total Porosity ◽

Wilcoxon Test ◽

Native Forest ◽

Organic Carbon Content ◽

Physical Quality ◽

Soil Physical Quality

ABSTRACT From the 1990s, the demand for soil quality indicators has increased with the agricultural sustainability approaches. The S-index was proposed as an indicator of soil physical quality. The objective was to evaluate the sensitivity of S-index as an indicator of soil physical quality and its correlation with bulk density, organic carbon content, macroporosity, microporosity, total porosity and clay, sand and silt contents, under field conditions in the diversity of the Paraná state. Samples were collected from 21 sites with textures from clay and heavy clay, in the layers of 0-0.1 and 0.1-0.2 m, in soil under native forest and in cultivated soil. Eight soil physical attributes were determined. A soil-water retention curve with six moisture points was fitted and the S-index was calculated for each condition. The Wilcoxon Test showed differences in S-index between soil managements with p-value = 0.0015 in the 0-0.1 m layer and less than 0.0001 in the 0.1-0.2 m layer. The observed S-index showed to be a sensitive indicator of soil physical quality and with a significant Pearson correlation with bulk density (‑0.826), macroporosity (0.760), total porosity (0.836), and organic carbon content (0.583).

Download Full-text

Impacts of land-use and management systems on organic carbon and water-physical properties of a Latossolo Amarelo (Oxisol)

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2017v38n1p109 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 38 (1) ◽

pp. 109 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Rodrigo Fonseca da Silva ◽

Glenio Guimarães Santos ◽

Júlio César Azevedo Nóbrega ◽

Geraldo César de Oliveira ◽

Bruno De Oliveira Dias ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Organic Carbon ◽

Physical Properties ◽

Carbon Content ◽

Weather Conditions ◽

Conventional Tillage ◽

Management Systems ◽

Organic Carbon Content ◽

Eucalyptus Plantation ◽

No Till

The Cerrado biome has outstanding territorial relevance in the state of Piauí, in which weather conditions, relief and favorable soil has made this region one reference in food production. This study focused to evaluate the effects of different land uses, management systems and their respective terms on organic carbon content and physical properties of a Latossolo Amarelo (Oxisol) in the Southwestern Piauí state. The study was performed in the city of Uruçuí, situated in the southwestern Piauí state. We assessed nine farming areas with different backgrounds regarding land-use, management system and run time. The treatments consisted of areas under no-till for 3 and 6 years (NT3 and NT6), under pasture for 2 and 5 years (PA2 and PA6), under eucalyptus plantation for six and twelve years (EU6 and EU12), under conventional tillage for two and 8 years (CT2 and CT8) and under native Cerrado (NC), which represented a reference condition. Conversion of the native Cerrado into no-till and grazing areas increased soil organic carbon content over time.

Download Full-text