scholarly journals Effect of the Cymbopogon citratus Infusion on the Activity of Acetylcholinesterase Enzyme and on the Redox Profile in Farmers’ Erythrocytes

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Natacha Cossettin Mori ◽  
Roberta Cattaneo Horn ◽  
Caroline Oliveira ◽  
Gabriela Tassotti Gelatti ◽  
Jonathas Zeni Klafke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Activity ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
Protein Carbonyls ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
Cymbopogon Citratus ◽  
Agricultural Modernization ◽  
Rural Workers ◽  
Modernization Process ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Enzyme

Agrochemicals were more prominent in 1960, marked due to the agricultural modernization process. As a result of this widespread use for food production, there was also an increase in cases of intoxication caused by these agents which made it necessary to search for alternative therapies for agricultural workers. Thus, considering that phytochemical characterization revealed the presence of antioxidants in Cymbopogon citratus extract, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of this plant infusion on the enzyme acetylcholinesterase activity (AChE) and on the redox response in farmers’ erythrocytes. These erytrocytes were processed and subjected to treatment with the Cymbopogon citratus infusion (5, 10, 25 and 50 g/L). In these samples the following were determined: the AChE enzyme activity, the levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), protein carbonyls (CPs) and reduced glutathione (GSH). In general, it was discovered that the inhibition of AChE activity is negative regarding to the increase of protein carbonyl levels and positive regarding the GSH levels. In addition, Cymbopogon citratus infusions could not even reverse this inhibition or the high levels of TBARS and CPs. On the other hand, levels of GSH were increased by infusions demonstrating the increased antioxidant activity in rural workers’ erythrocytes.

scholarly journals Association of Hypoadiponectinemia with Hypoglutathionemia in NAFLD Subjects with and without Type 2 Diabetes

2010 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 213-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narasimhan Sandhya ◽  
Kuppan Gokulakrishnan ◽  
Radhakrishnan Ravikumar ◽  
Viswanathan Mohan ◽  
Muthuswamy Balasubramanyam
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
Protein Carbonyls ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Objective: The aim of this study is to measure the extent of oxidative stress and to see whether it has any correlation to changes in adiponectin levels in NAFLD subjects with and without Type 2 diabetes.Methods: Subjects recruited from the Chennai Urban Rural Epidemiology Study comprise of 1: Normal Glucose Tolerance (NGT) subjects without NAFLD; 2: NGT with NAFLD; 3: Type 2 Diabetic patients [T2DM] without NAFLD and 4: T2DM with NAFLD. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), protein carbonyl (PCO), glutathione and adiponectin levels were measured by standard methods. Ultrasound of the liver was used to diagnose NAFLD.Results: T2DM subjects with NAFLD had significantly (p< 0.001) higher levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and protein carbonyls (PCO) but lower (p< 0.001) GSH/GSSG ratio and adiponectin levels compared to other three groups. The association of hypoadiponectinemia withNAFLD/Type 2 diabetes was significant even after adjusting for age, gender and BMI, but lost when adjusted for parameters of oxidative stress. While palmitate significantly reduced GSH/GSSG ratio in hepatocytes, addition of exogenous recombinant adiponectin restored the GSH/GSSG ratio comparable to those of untreated cells.Conclusion: There exists an association of hypoglutathionemia and hypoadiponectinemia in subjects with NAFLD and/or T2DM. In addition to the known beneficial effects, out study also exposes the antioxidant nature of adiponectin.

scholarly journals Buprenorphine and Methadone as Opioid Maintenance Treatments for Heroin-Addicted Patients Induce Oxidative Stress in Blood

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christonikos Leventelis ◽  
Nikolaos Goutzourelas ◽  
Aikaterini Kortsinidou ◽  
Ypatios Spanidis ◽  
Georgia Toulia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Protein Carbonyls ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
Antioxidant Defence ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Beneficial Action ◽  
The Impact

Buprenorphine and methadone are two substances widely used in the substitution treatment of patients who are addicted to opioids. Although it is known that they partly act efficiently towards this direction, there is no evidence regarding their effects on the redox status of patients, a mechanism that could potentially improve their action. Therefore, the aim of the present investigation was to examine the impact of buprenorphine and methadone, which are administered as substitutes to heroin-dependent patients on specific redox biomarkers in the blood. From the results obtained, both the buprenorphine (n=21) and the methadone (n=21) groups exhibited oxidative stress and compromised antioxidant defence. This was evident by the decreased glutathione (GSH) concentration and catalase activity in erythrocytes and the increased concentrations of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and protein carbonyls in the plasma, while there was no significant alteration of plasma total antioxidant capacity (TAC) compared to the healthy individuals (n=29). Furthermore, methadone revealed more severe oxidant action compared to buprenorphine. Based on relevant studies, the tested substitutes mitigate the detrimental effects of heroin on patient redox status; still it appears that they need to be boosted. Therefore, concomitant antioxidant administration could potentially enhance their beneficial action, and most probably, buprenorphine that did not induce oxidative stress in such a severe mode as methadone, on the regulation of blood redox status.

Η αντιοξειδωτική προετοιμασία πριν από μείζονες ηπατεκτομές

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Δουκάκης Παραδέλλης
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Protein Carbonyls ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances

Σκοπός: Σκοπός του πειράματος είναι να εκτιμηθεί κατά πόσον η αντιοξειδωτική προετοιμασία με δεφεροξαμίνη μπορεί να ελαττώσει τον τραυματισμό της ισχαιμίας/επαναιμάτωσης του ήπατος που σχετίζεται με εκτεταμένη ηπατεκτομή σε χοίρους.Μέθοδοι: Δεκαοκτώ χοίροι χωρίστηκαν τυχαία σε ομάδες: Δεφεροξαμίνης (DFO) και Χειρουργείου μόνο (SO). Οι χοίροι υποβλήθηκαν σε λαπαροτομία, προσωρινό αποκλεισμό των δεξιών και μέσων ηπατικών αγγείων και ηπατικού πόρου και ακολούθως σε αριστερή ηπατεκτομή. Η ομάδα DFO έλαβε IV δεφεροξαμίνη πριν από την πρόκληση ισχαιμίας του ήπατος. Η παρακολούθηση πραγματοποιήθηκε για 6 ώρες και τα δείγματα (Protein carbonyls (PC), Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), Ιστολογία, ALT, AST, Lactic acid και WBC) συλλέχθηκαν στα 0, 60 και 360 λεπτά.Αποτελέσματα: Οι αντιοξειδωτικοί δείκτες PC και TBARS είχαν σημαντικά χαμηλότερη συγκέντρωση και υψηλότερα ποσοστά μείωσης στον ορό και τον ηπατικό ιστό της ομάδας DFO. Η ιστολογική εξέταση του ήπατος έδειξε λιγότερη φλεγμονή και νέκρωση στην ομάδα DFO. Τα ηπατικά ένζυμα και οι μετρήσεις γαλακτικού οξέος έδειξαν υψηλότερο ρυθμό μείωσης στην ομάδα DFO στο τέλος του πειράματος.Συμπεράσματα: Αυτή η πειραματική μελέτη τεκμηριώνει ένα πρώιμο προστατευτικό αποτέλεσμα της χορήγησης δεφεροξαμίνης σε μείζονες ηπατεκτομές έναντι της βλάβης ισχαιμίας/επαναιμάτωσης στο ήπαρ.

scholarly journals The Role of Oxidative Stress in Decreased Acetylcholinesterase Activity at the Neuromuscular Junction of the Diaphragm during Sepsis

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hua Liu ◽  
Jin Wu ◽  
Jun-yan Yao ◽  
Hong Wang ◽  
Shi-tong Li
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Neuromuscular Junction ◽  
Ache Activity ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Activity ◽  
Protein Carbonyls ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Caecal Ligation And Puncture ◽  
Septic Group

Our recent study demonstrated that acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ) of the diaphragm decreased during sepsis. However, the mechanisms were not clearly identified. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether the decreased AChE activity was related to oxidative stress by observing AChE activity in different grades of sepsis induced by caecal ligation and puncture (CLP). At 24 h after surgery, an assay of thiobarbituric acid reactive species (TBARS) and protein carbonyls, as well as the myeloperoxidase (MPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activity, was conducted. AChE activity was measured by biochemical and histological detection. AChE and CAT activity in the diaphragm decreased, while the contents of TBARS and protein carbonyls, the activity of MPO and SOD, and the SOD/CAT ratios increased. The above changes were much more significant in the mid-grade septic group than in the low-grade septic group. The colour of the AChE activity staining at the NMJ gradually lightened from the sham surgery group to the mid-grade septic group. AChE activity was significantly negatively correlated with the levels of TBARS and protein carbonyls. We consider that oxidative stress might be responsible for decreased AChE activity in the diaphragms of rats induced with sepsis.

Protective effect of chokeberry on chemical-induced oxidative stress in rat

2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 199-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Kujawska ◽  
Ewa Ignatowicz ◽  
Małgorzata Ewertowska ◽  
Jan Oszmiański ◽  
Jadwiga Jodynis-Liebert
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Protein Carbonyls ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
Blood Leukocytes ◽  
Microsomal Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Chokeberry Juice

Male Wistar rats were treated with chokeberry juice per os, 10 mL/kg/day, for 28 days and a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) dose of N-nitrosodiethylamine (NDEA), 150 mg/kg, or carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), 2 ml/kg. The level of hepatic microsomal lipid peroxidation, expressed as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), was increased in animals dosed with NDEA and CCl4. Juice pretreatment resulted in a significant decrease in TBARS by 53% and 92%, respectively. In rats administered juice alone, 50% decrease in TBARS was noted. The activities of all antioxidant enzymes were decreased in the liver of rats administered either toxicant by 29%—52% as compared to controls. Juice pretreatment resulted in an increase in the activity of catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase by 117%, 56% and 44%, respectively, only in rats challenged with NDEA. Although no response of plasma protein carbonyls to both toxicants was observed, the pretreatment with juice caused a 55% decrease of this parameter in CCl4—dosed rats. DNA damage in blood leukocytes induced by either toxicant was slightly reduced, by 24%, in the rats pretreated with juice and administered NDEA. The results of the study showed that pretreatment with chokeberry juice confers some protection against chemical-induced oxidative stress.

Adenovirus-mediated transfer of the 1-cys peroxiredoxin gene to mouse lung protects against hyperoxic injury

2004 ◽  
Vol 286 (6) ◽  
pp. L1188-L1193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Wang ◽  
Yefim Manevich ◽  
Sheldon I. Feinstein ◽  
Aron B. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Protein Carbonyls ◽  
Mouse Lung ◽  
Lacz Gene ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
Lower Lung ◽  
Mouse Lungs

1-Cys peroxiredoxin (1-cysPrx) is a novel antioxidant enzyme that has been shown to reduce a broad spectrum of peroxides including phospholipid hydroperoxides. We tested the hypothesis that adenovirus-mediated transfer of the 1-cysPrx gene can protect lungs of mice from oxidant injury. Mice infected with AdLacZ/AdNull were used as a control (AdCon). X-galactosidase staining revealed widespread expression of the LacZ gene in airways and lung alveoli. Compared with AdCon, 1-cysPrx expression was increased about twofold at 3 days after adenovirus infection. Mice with increased Prx expression showed less loss of body weight and longer survival during exposure to 100% O2 or to 85% O2 for 4 days followed by 100% O2. At 72 h of 100% O2 exposure, AdPrx infection protected mouse lungs from injury as indicated by less pleural effusion, lower lung wet/dry weight, less protein and fewer nucleated cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and lower content of thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances and protein carbonyls in lung homogenate. These findings show that increased expression of 1-cysPrx through adenovirus-mediated gene transfer protects mouse lungs from hyperoxic injury and delays death.

scholarly journals Biochemical parameters of silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) after transport with eugenol or essential oil of Lippia alba added to the water

2017 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 696-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Salbego ◽  
C. Toni ◽  
A. G. Becker ◽  
C. C. Zeppenfeld ◽  
C. C. Menezes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Acetylcholinesterase Activity ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Routine Practice ◽  
Silver Catfish ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Lippia Alba ◽  
Rhamdia Quelen

Abstract The transport of live fish is a routine practice in aquaculture and constitutes a considerable source of stress to the animals. The addition of anesthetic to the water used for fish transport can prevent or mitigate the deleterious effects of transport stress. This study investigated the effects of the addition of eugenol (EUG) (1.5 or 3.0 µL L–1) and essential oil of Lippia alba (EOL) (10 or 20 µL L–1) on metabolic parameters (glycogen, lactate and total protein levels) in liver and muscle, acetylcholinesterase activity (AChE) in muscle and brain, and the levels of protein carbonyl (PC), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and nonprotein thiol groups (NPSH) and activity of glutathione-S-transferase in the liver of silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen; Quoy and Gaimard, 1824) transported for four hours in plastic bags (loading density of 169.2 g L–1). The addition of various concentrations of EUG (1.5 or 3.0 µL L–1) and EOL (10 or 20 µL L–1) to the transport water is advisable for the transportation of silver catfish, since both concentrations of these substances increased the levels of NPSH antioxidant and decreased the TBARS levels in the liver. In addition, the lower liver levels of glycogen and lactate in these groups and lower AChE activity in the brain (EOL 10 or 20 µL L–1) compared to the control group indicate that the energetic metabolism and neurotransmission were lower after administration of anesthetics, contributing to the maintenance of homeostasis and sedation status.

Anoxia-reoxygenation versus ischemia in isolated rat lungs

1997 ◽  
Vol 273 (6) ◽  
pp. L1112-L1117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guochang Zhao ◽  
Abu B. Al-Mehdi ◽  
Aron B. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
Oxidase Inhibitor ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
Protein Carbonyl Content ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitor ◽  
Fourfold Increase ◽  
Rat Lungs ◽  
Isolated Rat

Oxidant generation in anoxia-reoxygenation and ischemia-reperfusion was compared in isolated rat lungs. Anoxia-reoxygenation was produced by N2 ventilation followed by O2 ventilation. After anoxia, lung ATP content was decreased by 59%. Oxygenated ischemia was produced by discontinuing perfusion while ventilation with O2 was maintained. With anoxia-reoxygenation, oxidant generation, evaluated by oxidation of dichlorodihydrofluorescein (H2DCF) to fluorescent dichlorofluorescein, increased 3.6-fold, lung thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) increased 342%, conjugated dienes increased 285%, and protein carbonyl content increased 46%. Pretreatment of lungs with 100 μM allopurinol inhibited the reoxygenation-mediated increase in lung fluorescence by 75% and TBARS by 69%. Oxygenated ischemia resulted in an approximately eightfold increase in lung H2DCF oxidation and a fourfold increase in TBARS, but allopurinol had no effect. On the other hand, 100 μM diphenyliodonium (DPI) inhibited the ischemia-mediated increase in lung fluorescence by 69% and lung TBARS by 70%, but it had no effect on the increase with anoxia-reoxygenation. Therefore, both ischemia-reperfusion and anoxia-reoxygenation result in oxidant generation by the lung, but a comparison of results with a xanthine oxidase inhibitor (allopurinol) and a flavoprotein inhibitor (DPI) indicate that the pathways for oxidant generation are distinctly different.

scholarly journals Volatile Organic Compounds, Oxidative and Sensory Patterns of Vacuum Aged Foal Meat

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Tateo ◽  
Aristide Maggiolino ◽  
Ruben Domínguez ◽  
José Manuel Lorenzo ◽  
Francesca Rita Dinardo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Glutathione Peroxidase ◽  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Aging Time ◽  
Sensory Evaluation ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Protein Carbonyls ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Independent Variable

The study aimed to evaluate the effect of 14-day vacuum aging on the volatile compounds (VOC) profile, oxidative profile, antioxidant enzymes activity, and sensory evaluation in the Longissimusthoracis muscle of foal meat under vacuum aging. Longissimusthoracis (LT) was sampled in 20 mm thick slices, vacuum packed, and stored at 4 °C. Samples were randomly assigned to different aging times (1, 6, 9, 14 days after slaughtering). VOCs, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs), hydroperoxides, carbonyl proteins, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase were analyzed, and a sensory test was performed. A nested one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed for aging time as an independent variable. Significance was set at p < 0.05. The main VOCs originating from cooked steaks were aldehydes, (from 47.18% to 58.81% of the total volatile compounds), followed by hydrocarbons (from 9.32% and 31.99%). TBARs and hydroperoxides did not show variations due to aging (p > 0.05), instead, protein carbonyls showed higher values at the 14th day (p < 0.01). Catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase showed increasing values during aging time (p < 0.01). Vacuum aging slowed down lipid oxidation, and protein oxidation was shown to be present. However, the best vacuum aging duration is in the range of 6–9 days from slaughtering, with an improvement of sensory evaluation.

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