scholarly journals Riboflavin in Nutrition, Food Processing, and Analysis - A Review

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Golbach ◽  
Steven C. Ricke ◽  
Corliss A. O'Bryan ◽  
Philip G. Crandall
Keyword(s):  
Food Processing ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Body ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Cereal Grains ◽  
Nutrition And Health ◽  
Human Diet ◽  
Processing And Storage ◽  
And Storage

<p>Riboflavin is an essential micronutrient in the human diet. Because riboflavin is water soluble and not stored in appreciable amounts in the body, sources of riboflavin must be constantly consumed. In the United States many cereal grains are being fortified with riboflavin. In this review we briefly discuss the chemistry of riboflavin, the role of riboflavin in nutrition and health, effects of food processing and storage and means of measuring riboflavin in food and animal feeds.</p>

scholarly journals Effects and Side Effects of Platelet Transfusion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabrice Cognasse ◽  
Kathryn Hally ◽  
Sebastien Fauteux-Daniel ◽  
Marie-Ange Eyraud ◽  
Charles-Antoine Arthaud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Platelet Transfusion ◽  
Biological Response ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Innate Immune Responses ◽  
Stress Injury ◽  
Processing And Storage ◽  
And Storage

AbstractAside from their canonical role in hemostasis, it is increasingly recognized that platelets have inflammatory functions and can regulate both adaptive and innate immune responses. The main topic this review aims to cover is the proinflammatory effects and side effects of platelet transfusion. Platelets prepared for transfusion are subject to stress injury upon collection, preparation, and storage. With these types of stress, they undergo morphologic, metabolic, and functional modulations which are likely to induce platelet activation and the release of biological response modifiers (BRMs). As a consequence, platelet concentrates (PCs) accumulate BRMs during processing and storage, and these BRMs are ultimately transfused alongside platelets. It has been shown that BRMs present in PCs can induce immune responses and posttransfusion reactions in the transfusion recipient. Several recent reports within the transfusion literature have investigated the concept of platelets as immune cells. Nevertheless, current and future investigations will face the challenge of encompassing the immunological role of platelets in the scope of transfusion.

Stability of Lycopene During Food Processing and Storage

2005 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 413-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Xianquan ◽  
J. Shi ◽  
Y. Kakuda ◽  
J. Yueming
Keyword(s):  
Food Processing ◽  
Processing And Storage ◽  
And Storage

scholarly journals Topographic Analysis of Wetlandscapes: Fractal Dimension and Scaling Properties

10.29007/c7r5 ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Enrico Bertassello ◽  
P. Suresh Rao ◽  
Gianluca Botter ◽  
Antoine Aubeneau
Keyword(s):  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
The United States ◽  
Self Similarity ◽  
Topographic Analysis ◽  
Scaling Properties ◽  
Dem Analysis ◽  
Water Filling ◽  
Topographic Depressions ◽  
And Storage

Wetlands are ubiquitous topographic depressions on landscapes and form criticalelements of the mosaic of aquatic habitats. The role of wetlands in the global hydrological and biogeochemical cycles is intimately tied to their geometric characteristics. We used DEM analysis and local search algorithms to identify wetland attributes (maximum stage, surface area and storage volume) in four wetlandscapes across the United States. We then derived the exceedance cumulative density functions (cdfs) of these attributes for the identified wetlands, applied the concept of fractal dimension to investigate the variability in wetland’ shapes. Exponentially tempered Pareto distributions were fitted to DEM derived wetland attributes. In particular, the scaling exponents appear to remain constant through the progressive water-filling of the landscapes, suggesting self-similarity of wetland geometrical attributes. This tendency is also reproduced by the fractal dimension (D) of wetland shorelines, which remains constant across different water-filling levels. In addition, the variability in D is constrained within a narrow range (1 &lt;D &lt; 1.33) in all the four wetlandscapes. Finally, the comparison between wetlands identified by the DEM-based model are consistentwith actual data.

The future of maternity wear: Generation Z's expectations of dressing for pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Anne Weigle ◽  
Laura McAndrews
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Body ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Longitudinal Approach ◽  
Shopping Experience ◽  
Physical Changes ◽  
Practical Implications

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate Generation Z's physical expectations of being pregnant and their outlook for maternity wear shopping.Design/methodology/approachFemales in this cohort (n = 207) participated in an online survey that included questions about perceptions of pregnancy, physical self-concept and forecasted shopping behaviors.FindingsResults indicated that this group is concerned with physical changes of pregnancy and expect to treat each area of the body in a different way. Women's expected physical concerns of pregnancy predict how much they anticipate accentuating their pregnant body. Gen Z anticipates wearing loose maternity garments and they envision a thoughtful, in-store shopping experience for styles that are equally fashionable and comfortable, such as dresses.Research limitations/implicationsThis study should be extended to future generational cohorts like Generation Alpha, along with Gen Z outside of the United States and women in the United States who are non-white. Further studies should take a longitudinal approach to gauge changes in this cohort's expectations as they progress through pregnancy.Practical implicationsThis paper provides maternity wear retail brands and designers a foundation for product development and marketing geared toward this large cohort.Originality/valueThe study is the first to inquire about Gen Z's outlook on pregnancy, specifically their envisioned changes to each body area and the role of maternity garments to fulfill needs and concerns.

scholarly journals Functionality changes of natural antioxidants during food processing and storage

2004 ◽  
Vol 22 (SI - Chem. Reactions in Foods V) ◽  
pp. S80-S83 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Pokorný ◽  
Š. Schmidt ◽  
H. T T Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Free Radicals ◽  
Food Processing ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Phenolic Antioxidants ◽  
Oxidation Reactions ◽  
Processing And Storage ◽  
And Storage

Food raw materials and products contain inhibitors of oxidation reactions, both in the lipidic phase and the aqueous phase. The most important inhibitors are phenolic antioxidants. During food processing and storage, concentrations of antioxidants in the two phases reach an equilibrium. Phenolics react with lipidic free radicals, being converted into antioxidant free radicals, quinones, polymers and copolymers. Some degradation products possess an antioxidant activity, too. The relative antioxidant activity decreases with decreasing concentration of oxygen in the system and with increasing temperature. Antioxidants are more rapidly decomposed in surface layers. Health aspects of antioxidant degradation products are often neglected as the safety of antioxidant degradation products is mostly unknown.

scholarly journals Stability of tryptophan during food processing and storage

1985 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrik K. Nielsen ◽  
D. De Weck ◽  
P. A. Finot ◽  
R. Liardon ◽  
R. F. Hurrell
Keyword(s):  
Food Processing ◽  
Whey Proteins ◽  
Milk Powder ◽  
Protein Digestibility ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Maillard Reactions ◽  
Minor Losses ◽  
Oxidation Of Methionine ◽  
Processing And Storage ◽  
And Storage

1. The stability of tryptophan was evaluated in several different food model systems using a chemical method (high pressure liquid chromatography after alkaline-hydrolysis) and rat assays. Losses of tryptophan were compared with the losses of lysine and methionine.2. Whey proteins stored in the presence of oxidizing lipids showed large losses of lysine and extensive methionine oxidation but only minor losses of tryptophan as measured chemically. The observed decrease in bioavailable tryptophan was explained by a lower protein digestibility.3. Casein treated with hydrogen peroxide to oxidize all methionine to methionine sulphoxide showed a 9% loss in bioavailable tryptophan.4. When casein was reacted with caffeic acid at pH 7 in the presence of monophenol monooxygenase (tyrosinase; EC 1.14.18.l), no chemical loss of tryptophan occurred, although fluorodinitrobenzene-reactive lysine fell by 23%. Tryptophan bioavailability fell IS%, partly due to an 8% reduction in protein digestibility.5. Alkali-treated casein (0.15 M-sodium hydroxide, 80°,4 h) did not support rat growth. Chemically-determined tryptophan, available tryptophan and true nitrogen digestibility fell 10, 46 and 23% respectively. Racemization of tryptophan was found to be 10% (D/(D+L)).6. In whole-milk powder, which had undergone ‘early’ or ‘advanced’ Maillard reactions, tryptophan, determined chemically or in rat assays, was virtually unchanged. Extensive lysine losses occurred.7. It was concluded that losses of tryptophan during food processing and storage are small and of only minor nutritional importance, especially when compared with much larger losses of lysine and the more extensive oxidation of methionine.

scholarly journals Co-occuring Toxoplasma Infection and Psychotic Symptoms : Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla R Marchira ◽  
Andrian F Kusumadewi ◽  
Patricia Wulandari
Keyword(s):  
Life Support ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Body ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Toxoplasma Infection ◽  
Case Presentation ◽  
The Family ◽  
Brain Neurotransmitter ◽  
The Brain

Abstract   Introduction Schizophrenia is a neuropsychiatric disease that is global and is experienced by 1% of the population in the United States and Europe. This study raises awareness of the role of infectious agents in the initiation of psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia. Case Presentation A 20-year-old man is taken by the family to the emergency department because he has decreased consciousness, and the body suddenly stiffens. Patients begin to experience changes in behavior in the form of difficulty sleeping, when invited to talk quietly, laughing alone and whispering without the other person. TORCH examination found an increase in anti-toxoplasma IgM and IgG. This patient is then given basic life support in the form of ABC (airway, breathing, circulation support) and seizure management. Also given risperidone 2 mg / 12 hours, pyrimethamine 1-II (1x200 mg), pyrimethamine day III-XXI (1x 25 mg), intravenous Cefotaxim 2g / 8 hours, Clindamycin 500 mg / 8 hours. The patient experienced improvement after the second week of treatment. Conclusion Toxoplasmosis causes lesions in the brain that cause changes in brain neurotransmitter pathways, which lead to changes in patient behavior.

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