scholarly journals Encapsulation of Anthocyanins from Black Rice (Oryza Sativa L.) Bran Extract using Chitosan-Alginate Nanoparticles

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodel M. Bulatao ◽  
John Paulo A. Samin ◽  
Joel R. Salazar ◽  
Juvy J. Monserate
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Encapsulation Efficiency ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Black Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Freeze Dried

This study was conducted to extract and encapsulate anthocyanins from black rice bran using chitosan-alginate nanoparticles. Ten black rice varieties were screened for the anthocyanin content and the variety with the highest anthocyanins was used for the encapsulation. The anthocyanins were extracted by defatting the bran with n-hexane and soaking it with 85% acidified ethanol. The crude anthocyanin extract (CAE) was freeze-dried at -110°C for 48 h and then encapsulated in chitosan-alginate nanoparticles using two processes: ionic pre-gelation and polyelectrolyte complex formation. The mass ratio of chitosan and alginate polymers used in this study was 100:10. The treatments applied were as follows: T0-0 mg CAE, T1-10 mg CAE, T2-20 mg CAE, and T3-30 mg CAE. The resulting capsules were characterized in terms of chemical properties, surface morphology, particle size, polydispersive index, encapsulation efficiency, and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity. Screening of rice samples indicated that Ominio bran had the highest anthocyanin content (36.11 mg/g). Anthocyanins were successfully encapsulated in the matrix as shown by the Scanning Electron Microscopy images and Fourier Transform Infrared spectra of the anthocyanin-loaded chitosan-alginate nanoparticles. Among the different concentrations of CAE, T3 had the highest encapsulation efficiency (68.9%) and antioxidant scavenging activity (38.3%) while T1 and T2 had the lowest. Ascending particle size was observed for T0 (358.5 nm), T3 (467.9 nm), T1 (572.3 nm), and T2 (635.9 nm). All anthocyanin-loaded capsules were found to be of nano-size (<1000 nm). The study concluded that chitosan-alginate nanoparticles can be a good encapsulating material for anthocyanin.

scholarly journals Different Extraction Solvents and Sample Preparation Methods Affect the Antioxidant Activities and Total Phenol Contents of Theobroma Cacao Powder (P01-016-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyoeun Yoo ◽  
Hyun-Sook Kim
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Methanol Solution ◽  
Total Phenol ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Dpph Radical ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Dpph Radical Scavenging

Abstract Objectives Cacao(Theobroma cacao) has been widely consumed since more than 4000 years ago which was regarded as sacred food. Cacao has been considered as a strong antioxidant due to its abundant phenolic and especially flavonoid contents. In this experiment, different extraction solvents and methods were used to analyze whether these factors affect the antioxidant activities and phytochemical compounds of cacao powder extracts. Methods Four different cacao extract samples were examined to identify their anti-oxidative activities; raw cacao powder extracted in 70% methanol solution(RM), raw cacao powder extracted in 80% ethanol solution(RE), freeze dried cacao powder extracted in 70% methanol solution(FM), freeze dried cacao powder extracted in 80% ethanol solution(FE). Total phenolic compound content was calculated based on gallic acid standard curve and total flavonoid content was calculated based on the standard curve of quercetin. ABTS scavenging activity was experimented with ABTS reagent diluted by PBS(pH7.4) to make the O.D. value 0.7 ± 0.02 at 734 nm before using 2.5 mM ABTS. The DPPH radical scavenging activity was assessed by 1 mM DPPH methanol solution. Results The contents of total phenol compounds were 45.4 mg GAE/g(RM), 37.3 mg GAE/g(RE), 50.6 mg GAE/g(FM), and 52.7 mg GAE/g(FE). The contents of total flavonoid compounds were 34.3 mg QE/g(RM), 29.7 mg QE/g(RE), 85.1 mg QE/g(FM), and 89.7 mg QE/g(FE). FM group showed the highest ABTS radical scavenging activity which is a marker of antioxidant activity but the other sample groups represented almost as high ABTS radical scavenging activity as FM group. RM group showed the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity which is also a marker of antioxidant activity. Conclusions The results show that different extract solvents and sample preparation methods affect DPPH radical scavenging activity, total phenol and flavonoid contents of cacao powder extracts. Therefore, appropriate methods should be applied according to the purpose of the study. Funding Sources Department of Food and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women's University, Republic of Korea.

scholarly journals Biochemical characterization of pink husked coconut types

2021 ◽  
pp. 72-76
Author(s):  
Regi J. Thomas ◽  
M. Shareefa ◽  
H. Harsha ◽  
Anitha Karun
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenol Content ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Morphological Differences

Coconuts with various traits are available in different coconut growing countries. The pink husk is one such trait that has already been reported in coconut. There is a demand for tender nut water from pink husked types of coconut to treat hepatitis by traditional medicinal practitioners. Present studies were carried out to characterize pink husked types identified in Guam Tall variety of coconut. There were no morphological differences with respect to the nut characters between pink and non-pink husked types. Biochemical characterization of pink husked types revealed significantly higher total phenol content in the tender nut water of pink husked types than normal husked types. A significantly higher protein content of 86 mg 100 mL-1 was noted in pink husked type, compared to normal husked type with 58.7 mg 100 mL-1. Higher free radical scavenging activity based on DPPH assay with pink husked type was recorded with an IC50 value of 266.7 compared to normal type with an IC50 value of 358. Similarly, phosphomolybdate assay also revealed higher scavenging activity of pink husked type based on the IC50 value of 415.2 compared to 637.9 observed in normal husked type. Anthocyanin content of 25.98 mg 100g-1 fresh weight was noted in the exocarp of pink husked types, and it was negligible in normal husked type. These results justify the use of pink husked coconuts in various traditional medicines. There is tremendous potential for exploiting pink husked types of coconut in the pharmaceutical industry.

scholarly journals Formulation, Characterization and Antioxidant Myricetin Nanophytosome for Topical Delivery

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 9-13
Author(s):  
Purnamasari Nur Aini ◽  
Dzakwan Muhammad ◽  
Pramukantoro Ganet Eko ◽  
Mauludin Rachmat ◽  
El Fahmi
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Encapsulation Efficiency ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Limiting Factor ◽  
Particle Size Analyzer

Background: Phytosomes are recently introduced drug delivery system and novel botanical formulation to produce lipophilic molecular complex to improve absorption and bioavailability of phytoconstituent. Myricetin is a well-known flavonoid with different biological effects and contributed in food preserving by free radical scavenging activity. However, bioavailability of myricetin is an important limiting factor for its antioxidant activities. Purpose: To overcome this limitation, in the present study we aimed to produce myricetin-loaded nano phytosomes to improve its physicochemical stability and bioavailability. Methods: myricetin-loaded nano phytosome was prepared by using phosphatidylcholine (PC) and cholesterol (CH). Myricetin nanophytosomes system was characterized by particle size analyzer, particle size distribution (PDI), encapsulation efficiency and potential antioxidant activity. Results: Results showed that formulation with the myricetin: PC: CH molar ratio of 1: 2: 0.8 had lower particle size (291.11 nm) and higher encapsulation efficiency percent (93%). Morphology analysis showed that myricetin nanophytosome spherical shape. The potential antioxidant data showed that incorporation myricetin in the phospholipid myricetin remained unchanged even after encapsulation of myricetin in binarynanophytosome formulation. Conclusion: Nano phytosomal formulation of myricetin showed promising potential in fortification of nutraceutical with water insoluble antioxidants.  

scholarly journals Comparison of Antiproliferative and Antioxidant Properties among Nineteen Apple Cultivars

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 1204-1207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuko Yoshizawa ◽  
Kenji Sakurai ◽  
Satoru Kawaii ◽  
Masayoshi Asari ◽  
Junichi Soejima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiproliferative Activity ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Careful Examination ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Total Anthocyanins ◽  
Apple Cultivars

Aqueous ethanol extracts prepared from 19 apple (Malus ×domestica Borkh.) cultivars were studied to explore their antiproliferative activity. Half of them showed strong inhibition on proliferation of human leukemic HL-60 cells, while the others were weak. Total polyphenols, 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, and total anthocyanins were measured and the results indicated that the antiproliferative activity was more strongly correlated to the polyphenols and radical scavenging activity than to the anthocyanin content. Several polyphenols in `Jonathan' were identified and quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. Among those compounds found during HPLC, catechin and epicatechin seemed partially responsible for HL-60 antiproliferation. A careful examination on parentage of the apple cultivars tested revealed that `Jonathan' and its progeny showed high antiproliferation toward HL-60. This is the first observation about the relationship between antiproliferative activity and parentage of apples, and the information would be useful to create new apple cultivars that posses more anticancer potential.

scholarly journals Anthocyanin, nutrient contents, and antioxidant activity of black rice bran of Oryza sativa L. ‘Cempo Ireng’ from Sleman, Yogyakarta, Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pratiwi Apridamayanti ◽  
Rarastoeti Pratiwi ◽  
Yekti Asih Purwestri ◽  
Woro Anindito Sri Tunjung ◽  
Rumiyati Rumiyati
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Black Rice ◽  
Nutrient Contents ◽  
Macro And Micronutrients ◽  
Black Rice Bran

The chemical contents and health benefits of black rice bran of some rice cultivars have been investigated. However, there has been little research on the ‘Cempo Ireng’ cultivar from Sleman, Yogyakarta. The aim of this present study was to determine the anthocyanin, antioxidant activity, and macro- and micronutrients contents of black rice bran from this local cultivar. The anthocyanin in the black rice bran was extracted using the maceration method with methanol as a solvent. The extract obtained was separated through a preparative thin layer chromatography (TLC) of silica GF254 and a mobile phase composed of n-butanol, acetic acid, and water. Two fractions were collected and analyzed for the anthocyanin content. The preparative TLC spots were separated for further detection and measurement of cyanidin 3-O-glucoside using HPLC followed by LC-MS. The antioxidant activity of the fractions were measured using the DPPH free radical scavenging method. The results showed that the anthocyanin in fraction 1 was identified as cyanidin 3-O-glucoside (66.1 ± 10.6 µg/g). The IC50 of fractions 1 and 2 were 200.96 and 218.36 µg/mL, respectively. Analysis of the macro- and micronutrients revealed that the black rice bran of ‘Cempo Ireng’ had nutrient contents comparable with other rice cultivars. Therefore, this local black rice bran can be used as a source of antioxidants and macro-- and micronutrients.

scholarly journals Anthocyanin, Lutein, Polyphenol Contents and Antioxidant Activity of Black, Red and White Pigmented Rice Varieties

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saravanan Ponnappan ◽  
Arun Thangavel ◽  
Omprakash Sahu
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Black Rice ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Pigmented Rice ◽  
Polyphenol Compound ◽  
Glutinous Rice ◽  
Scavenging Capacity ◽  
Radical Scavenging Ability

<p><em>Colour rice varieties are rich in antioxidants and functional based properties such as anthocyanin, lutein and phenolic compounds. In this experiment, two of red pigmented (TPS-1and TKM-9), one white (glutinous rice) and black pigmented rice varieties are cultivated from India were analysed to determine their antioxidants and nutrition based functional properties. Based on the result, the anthocyanin content was very high on black rice than other variety contents up to 244.45</em><em> </em><em>mg/100 g. Polyphenol compound were varied significantly within the compared varieties. Highest polyphenol compound content (463.05 mg/100</em><em> </em><em>g) was found in the black rice and also showed rich antioxidant properties. Obviously, black rice rich source of lutein compound was also higher than other varieties where under the experimental condition. DPPH (Determination of 2, 20-diphenyl-1picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging ability) scavenging capacity starting from 69.46% to 76.4% ranged to level of remain DPPH. </em></p>

scholarly journals Anthocyanin Profiling and Radical Scavenging Activity of Selected Pigmented Rice Varieties

2011 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiba A. Ali ◽  
Il-Kyu Cho ◽  
Sun-Ju Kim ◽  
Se-Na Kim ◽  
So-Young Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Pigmented Rice

scholarly journals Phenolics and Carotenoids Contribute to Antioxidant Activity in Navel Orange

HortScience ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 1000A-1000
Author(s):  
G.K. Jayaprakasha ◽  
Clark Wilson ◽  
Bhimanagouda S. Patil
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Navel Orange ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Freeze Dried

Consumption of fruits and vegetables has been associated with reduced risk of disease, such as neurodegenerative disorders and certain forms of cancer, and aging. Antioxidants prevent the damage to macromolecules and cells by interfering with the free radicals. Several natural compounds that posses antioxidant activity have been reported from plant sources and are commercially promoted as nutraceuticals. Citrus fruits contain certain bioactive compounds such as phenolics, flavonoids, limonoids, carotenoids, and ascorbic acid. In this context, navel oranges were freeze-dried and extracted with five different solvents, such as hexane, ethyl acetate, acetone, methanol, and 8 methanol: 2 water. The extracts were dried under vacuum and screened for their radical scavenging activity using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl method at 250, 500, and 1000 ppm. The methanol: water and methanol extracts of navel orange were found to be maximum (92.9%) and minimum (63.89%) radical scavenging activity at 1000 ppm. Furthermore, the antioxidant capacity of all extracts was assayed through the phosphomolybdenum method and expressed as equivalent to ascorbic acid (μmol/g of the extract). The order of antioxidant capacity for navel orange extracts was found to be ethyl acetate > acetone > methanol: water > methanol > hexane. It seems that the antioxidant capacity of the extracts is in accordance with the amount of phenolics/lycopene present in each fraction and may provide a good source of antioxidants. This project is based upon work supported by the USDA–CSREES under Agreement USDA IFAFS #2001-52102-02294 and USDA #2005-34402-14401 “Designing Foods for Health” through the Vegetable and Fruit Improvement Center.

Effect of Drying Methods on the Antioxidant Activity of Peanut Flour Fermented with Lactobacillus casei LC35

2012 ◽  
Vol 554-556 ◽  
pp. 1095-1098
Author(s):  
Nai Fu Wang ◽  
Wei Qian ◽  
Yi Bin Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Lactobacillus Casei ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Peanut Flour ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Scavenging Activity ◽  
Freeze Dried

Peanut flour (PF) was fermented with Lactobacillus casei LC35 and then dried using different drying methods in the present study. The effect of drying methods on the antioxidant activities (1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl [DPPH] radical-scavenging activity, reducing power and Fe2+chelating activity) and flavonoids in fermented-PF (FPF) was investigated. Regardless of the drying methods, the dried FPF showed higher antioxidant activities than PF. Drying methods also showed significant effects on the antioxidant activities of FPF. The freeze-dried FPF had the strongest antioxidant activities compared to the vacuum and hot air-dried FPF. A good linear correlation was found between the EC50value of DPPH scavenging activity (R2 = 0.8972, P < 0.05) or reducing power (R2 = 0.9047, P < 0.05) and the concentration of quercetin in PF and dried FPF. These results indicate the dried FPF, especially for the freeze-dried FPF, might be good functional foods with high antioxidant activity.

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