scholarly journals Hypercholesterolemia Risk Related to Consumption of Palm Oil Produced in Côte d’Ivoire

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Béhibolo A. Yoboué ◽  
Djedjro C. Akmel ◽  
Zita EB. N’Goran-Aw ◽  
Rémi K. Coulibaly ◽  
Gnomblesson G. Tiahou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Palmitic Acid ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
National Agency ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Consumption Frequency ◽  
Mode Of Consumption

The purpose of this work is to determine the consumption pattern estimated from quantity and frequency of consumption of palm oil produced in Côte d'Ivoire in order to assess risk of hypercholesterolemia related to these oils. To achieve this objective, a cross - sectional survey was conducted with 417 randomly sampled people in seven district capitals of Côte d 'Ivoire. This investigation shows that average of crude and refined R1 and refined R2 palm oil consumed are 24.52 mL, 25.88 mL and 24.13 mL per person per day, respectively. In addition, datas on consumption frequency of different palm oils indicate that refined palm oils are most prevalent in population’s dishes. Daily consumption frequency of crude and refined palm oils varies between 7.43 % and 85.40 %. These oils contain 32.95 % to 48.04 % palmitic acid (hazard). For a bioavailability of 100 % palmitic acid, the risk assessment for hypercholesterolemia indicates that 26.02 %, 25.80 % and 21.73 % of surveyed populations ingest higher quantities of palmitic acid. Those are greater than the recommended rate Anses (National Agency for Food Safety, Environment and Labor) during consumption crude and refined palm oils. 26,020, 25,800 and 21,730 cases of increase in serum cholesterol per 100,000 inhabitants after consumption crude, R1 and R2 oils. Concerning a bioavailability of 11 %, risk of hypercholesterolemia is 0 %; 0.02 % and 0.03 % respectively for the consumers of crude, R2 and R1 palm oils. Hypercholesterolemia risk varies from the mode of consumption and oils types.

scholarly journals Changes in Alcohol Consumption Pattern Based on Gender during COVID-19 Confinement in Spain

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 8028
Author(s):  
Víctor J. Villanueva-Blasco ◽  
Verónica Villanueva Silvestre ◽  
Manuel Isorna ◽  
Patricia Motos ◽  
Pere Blay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Standard Drink ◽  
Frequency Of Use ◽  
Consumption Frequency ◽  
Employment Situation ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Health Risk Management

(1) The goal of this study was to analyze the prevalence and pattern of alcohol consumption (frequency of consumption, average daily consumption, and risky consumption) before and during confinement due to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in the adult population and based on gender. (2) Methods: Data from 3779 individuals were collected via a set of online surveys. The AUDIT alcohol consumption questions (AUDIT-C) were used to measure the frequency of consumption, the average daily consumption, intensive consumption, risky consumption, and standard drink units. (3) Results: During confinement, the prevalence of alcohol consumption declined in both males and females, but only intensive consumption showed significant differences, with a greater reduction in males. The number of females who consumed alcohol four or more times per week doubled, whereas the number of males who did so was multiplied by a factor of 1.5; in both females and males, the percentage who presented intensive consumption doubled. The percentage of females with risky consumption was higher than that of males both before and during confinement. In addition to gender, the interaction between age and the employment situation explain consumption before and during confinement. (4) Conclusions: During confinement due to COVID-19, alcohol consumption declined in both sexes, but alcohol-risk consumers increased their frequency of use. The interaction between gender, age, and employment situation was related to these changes. These findings are relevant for guiding public health and health-risk management policies related to alcohol consumption in environmental situations similar to COVID-19.

Perceived neighborhood food access is associated with consumption of animal-flesh food, fruits and vegetables among mothers and young children in peri-urban Cambodia

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
Minh-Cam Duong ◽  
Hung Nguyen-Viet ◽  
Delia Grace ◽  
Chhay Ty ◽  
Huy Sokchea ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Consumption ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Food Access ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Phnom Penh ◽  
Consumption Frequency ◽  
Future Work

Abstract Objective: To examine whether mothers’ perceived neighborhood food access is associated with their own and their young children’s consumption of animal-flesh food, fruits and vegetables in peri-urban areas of Cambodia. Design: A cross-sectional survey measured food consumption frequency and perceived neighborhood food access, the latter including six dimensions of food availability, affordability, convenience, quality, safety and desirability. Multivariate logistic regression was used to assess the association between food access and food consumption. Setting: Peri-urban districts of Phnom Penh and Siem Reap, Cambodia Participants: 198 mothers of children between 6 to 24 months old. Results: Over 25% of the mothers and 40% of the children had low consumption (< once a day) of either animal-flesh food or fruits and vegetables. Compared with perceived high food access, perceived low food access was associated with an adjusted 5.6-fold and 4.3-fold greater odds of low animal-flesh food consumption among mothers (95% CI 2.54, 12.46) and children (95% CI 2.20, 8.60) respectively. Similarly, relative to perceived high access, perceived low food access was associated with 7.6-times and 5.1-times higher adjusted odds of low fruits and vegetables consumption among mothers (95% CI 3.22, 18.02) and children (95% CI 2.69, 9.83) respectively. Conclusions: Mothers’ perceived neighborhood food access was an important predictor of their own and their young children’s nutrient-rich food consumption in peri-urban Cambodia. Future work is needed to confirm our findings in other urban settings and examine the role of neighborhood food environment on the consumption of both nutrient-rich and nutrient-poor food.

Measuring illicit cigarette trade in Colombia

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (Suppl 4) ◽  
pp. s260-s266 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman Maldonado ◽  
Blanca Amalia Llorente ◽  
Roberto Magno Iglesias ◽  
Diego Escobar
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Simple Random Sample ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Sampling Frame ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Sampling Weights ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Excise Tax ◽  
Illicit Trade

BackgroundBy 2016, tobacco industry provided the only illicit trade estimates in Colombia and used these to discourage tax increases since the 1990s. To establish the viability of a threefold hike in the excise tax, policy makers needed unbiased estimates of the illicit cigarette.ObjectiveTo estimate the size of illicit cigarette trade in five Colombian cities (63% of the market), analyse characteristics of smokers of illicit cigarettes and compare market share results with one industry-funded survey.MethodsStreet cross-sectional survey with smokers’ self-report on consumption pattern, last purchase information and direct observation of smoker’s packs. Sampling frame: smokers, men and women, 12 years old or older, all income levels, resident in five Colombian cities (Bogotá, Medellín, Cali, Cartagena and Cúcuta) with 1 733 316 smokers in 2013. Sample size 1697, simple random sample by city, sampling weights based on age groups and cities. Confidence level 95%, margin of error 3.5% for Bogotá and Medellín and 5% for the other three cities. Data collection period: 24 August–14 September 2016.ResultsIllicit cigarettes represent 3.5% of consumption in the five cities, a much lower estimate than the industry data. There are significant differences across cities, with Bogotá at the bottom (1.5%) and Cúcuta at the top (22.8%).ConclusionThe low overall penetration of illicit cigarettes in Colombia indicates that the industry’s warnings against tax increases are not justified. The limited importance of tax levels as determinant of consumption of illicit cigarettes is also suggested by the differences across cities, all of them with the same tax regime.

scholarly journals A Cross-sectional Survey Using Clinical Vignettes to Examine Overdose Risk Assessment and Willingness to Prescribe Naloxone

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 507-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Deanna Wilson ◽  
Justin Berk ◽  
Pamela Matson ◽  
Natalie Spicyn ◽  
Anika Alvanzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Clinical Vignettes

Venous thromboembolism in medical outpatients – a cross-sectional survey of risk assessment and prophylaxis

2011 ◽  
Vol 105 (01) ◽  
pp. 190-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holger Lawall ◽  
Andreas Matthiessen ◽  
Volker Hohmann ◽  
Peter Bramlage ◽  
Sylvia Haas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Medical Condition ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Limited Mobility ◽  
Substantial Risk ◽  
Medical Outpatients

SummaryThe degree of thromboprophylaxis in medical outpatients is low despite a substantial risk for venous thromboembolism (VTE). This may be attributable to difficulties in assessing risk. Assessment tools like the Haas’ scorecard aid in determining the need for thromboprophylaxis. We aimed at evaluating how the use of this tool may aid physicians in appropriately using anticoagulants. This was an epidemiological, cross-sectional survey of acute medically ill patients with limited mobility treated by general practitioners and internists. Risk assessment for VTE by the treating physician was compared to calculated risk. Of 8,123 patients evaluated between August 2006 and April 2008, 7,271 fulfilled the in- and exclusion criteria. Mean age was 69.4 ± 13.6 years, and 45.2% were male. Of these 82.8% were high risk based on their acute medical condition, 37.9% based on their underlying chronic condition. Immobilisation, heart failure, pneumonia, age, obesity, and major varicosis were the most frequently encountered risk factors. The agreement between the Haas’ scorecard and physician indicated risk was high. At least 94.1% of patients with high risk received adequate anticoagulation mostly as low molecular weight heparins for a mean duration of 15.1 ± 30.5 days. There is a substantial risk for VTE in medical out-patients. Using a simple structured scorecard resulted in an overall appropriate risk assessment and high degree of anticoagulation. The scorecard may provide a tool to improve the overall awareness for VTE risk in medical outpatients, substantially improving the degree of prophylaxis in a patient population with largely underestimated risk.

Family Structure and Literacy Level as Correlates of Post-traumatic Stress among Victims of Human Trafficking in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Afamefuna O. Okeke ◽  
Chisom E. Ogbonnaya
Keyword(s):  
Family Structure ◽  
Human Trafficking ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
National Agency ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Literacy Level

Victims of human trafficking suffer a plethora of psychological problems and it has been one of much deliberation by governments and other human rights organizations. Thepresent study examined the family structure and literacy levels as predictors of Post-Traumatic stress among a group of selected victims of human trafficking. A cross-sectional survey design was adopted in the study. Accidental sampling technique was performed to select seventy-eight (78) victims of human trafficking who were in different zones of the National Agency for Trafficked Persons (NAPTIP). Post-traumatic Stress Scale, developed by Keane et al (1984) was used to gather necessary information for the study with Cronbach’s Alpha of .92. Three hypotheses were formulated as well as tested by using Pearson Product Moment Correlation and independent t-test analysis. The results showed that literacy level, [r (78) = .24; p > 0.05] and family structure [r (78) = .31; p > 0.01] were significantly correlates with Post-Traumatic Stress. Based on the findings, it is recommended that National Agency for Trafficked Persons should engage victims into therapeutic and educational programmes and using clinical interventions to help boost self-esteem, self-awareness and psycho-emotional development of these victims to reduce trauma-related problems associated with activities of human trafficking.

scholarly journals The role of breakfast in nutrient intake of urban schoolchildren

2007 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Uma Chitra ◽  
C Radha Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Protein Composition ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Protein Requirements ◽  
School Aged Children ◽  
Breakfast Eating ◽  
Daily Intakes

AbstractObjectivesTo ascertain the breakfast habits of 10–15-year-old schoolchildren and to assess the quality of this meal as well as its relationship to the food consumption pattern for the full day.DesignCross-sectional survey.Subjects and settingEight hundred and two schoolchildren, boys and girls, aged 10–15 years, belonging to different urban schools located in Secunderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India.MethodThe breakfast eating patterns of the children were studied and their impact on growth was assessed, using dietary recalls and anthropometric measurements.ResultsOnly 42.8% of the children ate breakfast regularly. Over half of the children skipped breakfast, ranging from daily to once in two weeks. The energy and protein composition of breakfasts eaten by the children indicated that those who did not skip breakfast met one-quarter to one-third of their total daily energy and protein requirements. Mean nutrient intakes calculated from 24-hour recalls revealed that the children's diets were inadequate compared with the recommended values for energy and protein. The inadequate energy intake was reflected in a high incidence of malnutrition in both boys and girls; 40.3% of the boys and 32.1% of the girls studied were found to be underweight. Protein intake was also inadequate among boys and girls, although a higher percentage of children met their protein requirements.ConclusionsOver half of the schoolchildren studied skipped breakfast frequently, the main reason being getting up late. Children who consumed breakfast had higher daily intakes of energy and protein than children who skipped breakfast. These data confirm the importance of breakfast to overall dietary quality and adequacy in school-aged children.

scholarly journals Assessing Digital Risk in Psychiatric Patients: Mixed Methods Study of Psychiatry Trainees’ Experiences, Views, and Understanding

10.2196/19008 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. e19008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Golnar Aref-Adib ◽  
Gabriella Landy ◽  
Michelle Eskinazi ◽  
Andrew Sommerlad ◽  
Nicola Morant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Internet Use ◽  
Child And Adolescent ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Related Risk

Background The use of digital technology can help people access information and provide support for their mental health problems, but it can also expose them to risk, such as bullying or prosuicide websites. It may be important to consider internet-related risk behavior (digital risk) within a generic psychiatric risk assessment, but no studies have explored the practice or acceptability of this among psychiatrists. Objective This study aimed to explore psychiatry trainees’ experiences, views, and understanding of digital risk in psychiatry. We predicted that clinician awareness would be highest among trainees who work in child and adolescent mental health services. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional survey of psychiatry trainees attending a UK regional trainees’ conference to investigate how they routinely assess patients’ internet use and related risk of harm and their experience and confidence in assessing these risks. We conducted focus groups to further explore trainees’ understandings and experiences of digital risk assessment. Descriptive statistics and chi-squared tests were used to present the quantitative data. A thematic analysis was used to identify the key themes in the qualitative data set. Results The cross-sectional survey was completed by 113 out of 312 psychiatry trainees (response rate 36.2%), from a range of subspecialties and experience levels. Half of the trainees (57/113, 50.4%) reported treating patients exposed to digital risk, particularly trainees subspecializing in child and adolescent psychiatry (17/22, 77% vs 40/91, 44%;P=.02). However, 67.3% (76/113) reported not feeling competent to assess digital risk. Child and adolescent psychiatrists were more likely than others to ask patients routinely about specific digital risk domains, including reckless web-based behavior (18/20, 90% vs 54/82, 66%; P=.03), prosuicide websites (20/21, 95% vs 57/81, 70%; P=.01), and online sexual behavior (17/21, 81% vs 44/81, 54%; P=.02). Although 84.1% (95/113) of the participants reported using a proforma to record general risk assessment, only 5% (5/95) of these participants prompted an assessment of internet use. Only 9.7% (11/113) of the trainees had received digital risk training, and 73.5% (83/113) reported that they would value this. Our thematic analysis of transcripts from 3 focus groups (comprising 11 trainees) identified 2 main themes: barriers to assessment and management of digital risk, and the double-edged sword of web use. Barriers reported included the novelty and complexity of the internet, a lack of confidence and guidance in addressing internet use directly, and ongoing tension between assessment and privacy. Conclusions Although it is common for psychiatrists to encounter patients subject to digital risk, trainee psychiatrists lack competence and confidence in their assessment. Training in digital risk and the inclusion of prompts in standardized risk proformas would promote good clinical practice and prevent a potential blind spot in general risk assessment.

scholarly journals Snack Consumption Pattern of Adults in the University of Calabar & its Health Implications

2019 ◽  
pp. 43-49
Author(s):  
Eridiong O. Onyenweaku ◽  
Gregory E. Oko ◽  
Winifred A. Fila
Keyword(s):  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dietary Recall ◽  
Dietary Intake Assessment ◽  
Snack Consumption ◽  
The University

Aims: To determine the snack consumption pattern of adults and the effect of consumption of certain snacks on the health status of adults in the University of Calabar. Study design:  Cross-sectional survey. Place and Duration of Study: University of Calabar, Calabar - Nigeria. June to July, 2017. Methodology: After a multi-staged random sampling technique, a cross-sectional survey was carried out on 400 adult respondents using a well-structured questionnaire. Food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and 24hour dietary recall were also administered to the respondents. The data obtained from the survey instruments were analysed with the aid of Microsoft excel. For the dietary intake assessment, Food and Agricultural Organisation’s (FAO) ‘Guidelines for Measuring Household and Individual Dietary Diversity’ was used to calculate individual’s dietary diversity score (DDS) before recording. Results: It was observed that 84% of the respondents skipped meals and breakfast was the most skipped meal followed by lunch. Most people (46%) skipped breakfast because they left early for work while majority who skipped lunch did so because they had no time for food at work (53%). Only 8.6% of the respondents did not eat snacks, and most of those who consumed snacks did so because they preferred snacks to food (32%). The most commonly consumed snacks among the respondents was pastries (36.5%), followed by biscuits (25.7%) while the least consumed snacks were vegetables (1%) followed by sweets and gums (1.1%). Consequently, pastries contributed the most snack calories to the study population. Conclusion: Most people skip meals; and snacks serve as a substitute for such skipped meals. Only few people frequently consume healthy snacks such as fruits and vegetables. Most people were discovered to eat pastries as snacks and these pastries (such as cakes and pies) are highly processed foods which could increase the risk of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in their consumers.

scholarly journals Hypertension and beyond in Indian clinical practice study: a nationwide survey assessing knowledge, attitude and practices of physicians

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 1701
Author(s):  
Uday Jadhav ◽  
Arun Purohit
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Heart Association ◽  
Fixed Dose ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Hypertensive Patients

Background: Hypertension is the leading cause for the ever-increasing burden of mortality due to stroke and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Treatments are complicated due to comorbidities and can lead to patient noncompliance. Patients with low existing cardiovascular risk are prone to have higher lifetime cardiovascular risk, which timely assessment necessary.Methods: A digital cross-sectional survey questionnaire about knowledge, attitude and practice habits regarding cardiovascular risk assessment was administered to 400 physicians and cardiologists across India. The questionnaire assessed various topics such as practice of hypertension diagnosis and treatment based on guidelines, cardiovascular risk calculators, occurrence of comorbidities and patient awareness on cardiovascular risk prevention.Results: Out of the 400 physicians, 398 completed the survey. About 52% physicians considered presence of multiple risk factors as vital for having cardiovascular risk. American college of cardiology/American heart association (ACC/AHA) calculator was preferred by 51.6% study participants. Cardiovascular risk estimation was vital for treatment-related decision-making according to 71% participants, while only 7.7% participants calculated cardiovascular risk in >90% of their patients. Approximately 44% survey participants calculated cardiovascular risk in hypertensive patients with 2 additional risk factors, while 5.6% calculated it in >70% hypertensive patients without comorbidities. About 46.6% participants reported that 30%-50% of their patients were on fixed-dose combinations of two antihypertensive medications.Conclusions: Findings from the study indicate predisposition of medical professionals towards having a risk assessment tool designed for the Indian population to timely assess and forestall long-term effects of cardiovascular risk in hypertensive patients. 

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document