Comparison of Clinical and Radiographic Periodontal Status between Hookah and Cigarette Smokers

Background and Objective: Inhalation of chemicals and toxins in cigarette and hookah smoke results in loss of integrity of oral cavity tissues. The objective of this study was to compare the periodontal health of hookah and cigarette smokers. Materials and Methods: In this study, 73 men at the age group of 20-35 years who smoked hookah for more than 5 years and 73 men at the same age who smoked cigarette for more than 5 years and 73 healthy men referred to the periodontal department of Mashhad dentistry school were selected and studied. Periodontal indices including pocket depth, GI, BOP, CAL were assessed in two groups. Also, using parallel periapical radiography, mesial and distal marginal bone level around the first molar tooth was measured. Finally, the data were assessed and compared using appropriate statistical analysis. Results: Pocket depth was 24.27% and 23.62%, respectively, in cigarette smokers and hookah smokers, and it was 0.96% in healthy subjects, clinical attachment level was 4.48 and 4.41 mm, respectively, in cigarette smokers and hookah smokers, and it was 0.77 mm in healthy subjects. Gingival index (GI) was 1.40 and 1.42, respectively, in cigarette smokers and hookah smokers and it was 0.52 in healthy subjects, BOP value was 6.52 and 6.52%, respectively, in cigarette smokers and hookah smokers and it was 10.86% in healthy subjects. Mesial marginal bone level of first lower molar tooth was 2.27 and 2.32 mm, respectively, in cigarette smokers and hookah smokers and it was 1.74 mm in healthy subjects and distal marginal bone level of lower first molar tooth was 2.38 and 2.35 mm, respectively, in cigarette smokers and hookah smokers and it was 1.75 mm in healthy subjects. Comparison of results between the two groups of cigarette smokers and hookah smokers did not show any significant relationship in any of the variables, but there was a significant relationship between the two groups and the healthy group (P <0.001). Conclusion: Periodontal parameters in healthy individuals are significantly better than those of smokers. Also, although there is a relationship between cigarette smoking and hookah smoking and periodontal parameters, these two groups do not show a significant difference in terms of periodontal parameters.

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Reproducibility and Detection Threshold of Peri-Implant Diagnostics

Advances in Dental Research ◽

10.1177/08959374930070021001 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 191-195 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

D. Van Steenberghe ◽

M. Quirynen

Keyword(s):

Detection Threshold ◽

Repeated Measurements ◽

Marginal Bone Loss ◽

Oral Implants ◽

Damping Characteristics ◽

Bone Level ◽

Marginal Bone Level ◽

The Individual ◽

Attachment Level ◽

Individual Implant

There is an increasing awareness that, for clinical monitoring of oral implants, there is a need for reliable diagnostics and possibly prognostic parameters. Indeed, reports have too often limited results to an inventory of failures, while no mention was made of progressive marginal bone loss or other symptoms of a future failure. Several parameters, such as marginal bone level assessment and/or probing attachment level, give a precision of up to 0.5 mm. Both measurements also seem related. The damping characteristics of the individual implant/bone unit also offer a highly reproducible diagnostic tool. The Periotest® allows for detection of subclinical mobilities, and 95% of repeated measurements fall within a range of one unit on the arbitrary scale. So far, these three parameters offer no prognostic value.

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Radiographic evaluation of a cross-shaped incision technique for thick-gingiva and thin-gingiva patients treated with implant-supported fixed prosthesis

BMC Oral Health ◽

10.1186/s12903-021-02019-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Wen Luo ◽

Xinyu Wang ◽

Yaqian Chen ◽

Yuping Hong ◽

Yili Qu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gingival Recession ◽

Trial Registration ◽

Radiographic Evaluation ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Registration Number ◽

Bone Level ◽

Fixed Prosthesis ◽

Marginal Bone Level ◽

Incision Technique

Abstract Background To evaluate a cross-shaped incision technique for thick-gingiva and thin-gingiva patients treated with implant-supported fixed prosthesis. Methods Total 55 patients receiving cross-shaped incision were assigned into thick-gingiva group (29 cases) and thin-gingiva group (26 cases). Follow-up was performed at 3 and 12-month after final restoration. Results Mesial and distal papilla height was significantly greater in thick-gingiva group than thin-gingiva group at 3 and 12 months, while periodontal depth and crestal marginal bone level around implant had no significant difference between the two groups during follow-up. No case of recession of buccal marginal gingiva was observed in thick-gingiva group. However, the recession of marginal gingiva of buccal aspect of the crown was found in 5 patients (19.2%) with thin-gingiva. Conclusions The cross-shaped incision may be applied to reconstruct gingival papillae and avoid the gingival recession in patients with thick-gingiva phenotype. Trial registration This study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (registration number NCT04706078, date 12 January 2021, Retrospectively registered).

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CBCT assessment of alveolar buccal bone level after RME

The Angle Orthodontist ◽

10.2319/030712-198.1 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 83 (1) ◽

pp. 110-116 ◽

Cited By ~ 21

Author(s):

Valmy Pangrazio-Kulbersh ◽

Brynn Jezdimir ◽

Mariana de Deus Haughey ◽

Richard Kulbersh ◽

Paul Wine ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Analysis Of Variance ◽

Population Sample ◽

Comprehensive Treatment ◽

Maxillary Expansion ◽

Bone Thickness ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Bone Level ◽

Marginal Bone Level ◽

The Right ◽

Post Hoc

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the maxillary alveolar buccal bone levels after expansion with banded and bonded expanders, using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: The population sample consisted of 22 patients who required expansion during their comprehensive treatment; 10 patients (five males and five females) with a mean age of 13.5 years (CVMS 3) had bonded hygienic expanders, and 12 (six males and six females) with a mean age of 12.6 years (CVMS 3) had banded hyrax expanders. CBCT was taken both before (T1) and 6 months after last activation (T2). Measurements were made for buccal bone thickness (BT), buccal marginal bone level (MBL), and bone thickness level (BTL) at the right first molar (MRt), left first molar (MLft), right first premolar (PMRt), and left first premolar (PMLft). A mixed-design analysis of variance assessed differences between and within the groups. Post hoc t-tests were completed on significant analysis of variance results to determine where differences occurred. Results: Analysis of variance revealed no significant differences between or within the two groups. BT significantly decreased horizontally following rapid maxillary expansion. The amount of bone lost was −0.59 mm MRt, −0.72 mm PMRt, −0.50 mm MLft, and −0.57 mm PMLft (P < .003). Conclusions: There was no significant difference between or within the two groups. Buccal bone loss in the vertical dimension (MBL) only showed significance in the banded group for MRt (0.63 mm) and PMLFt (0.37 mm) as evidenced by the paired t-test (P < .05).

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NovaboneTM dental putty as a potential regenerative material for treating horizontal defects in chronic periodontitis patients.

RGUHS Journal of Dental Sciences ◽

10.26715/rjds.11_2_2 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 2-10

Author(s):

Dr. Shruthi Raveendran ◽

Dr. Shruthi S ◽

Dr. Nisha K J ◽

Dr. Sanjeela Guru ◽

Dr. Parichaya Batra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Defects ◽

Plaque Index ◽

Gingival Index ◽

Pocket Depth ◽

Clinical Attachment Level ◽

Probing Pocket Depth ◽

Calcium Phosphosilicate ◽

Bone Level ◽

Open Flap Debridement ◽

Attachment Level

ntroduction: Periodontitis is a multifactorial disease, which, when not adequately treated, is followed with progressive attachment loss which leads to tooth mobility and eventually tooth loss. Periodontal regenerative surgery aims to regenerate and reconstruct the lost periodontal tissue. Regeneration with novabone putty has shown to be effective in reducing probing pocket depth, gain in clinical attachment level and increase in horizontal bone level. Aim: This interventional clinical trial was to evaluate the osseous regenerative potential of a calcium phosphosilicate bioactive glass NOVABONE TM in the treatment of horizontal bone defects. Materials and method: A total of 20 sites with horizontal bone defect was treated with open flap debridement with intra marrow penetration and novabone putty. Statistical analysis: Plaque index, gingival index and radiographic determination were analysed by paired t test. Probing pocket depth and clinical attachment levels were analysed by Wilcoxon Signed Ranks Test. Result: There was significant reduction seen in plaque index, gingival index, probing pocket depth and radiographic crestal level when compared between baseline and 12 months respectively (2.48 ± 0.44, 2.92 ± 0.39, 6.80 ± 0.89, 8.29 ± 0.87) and (1.89 ± 0.42, 1.92± 0.51, 3.00± 0.67, 5.48 ± 0.89) and significant gain in clinical attachment level from 4.40 ± 0.96 to 1.20 ± 0.91. Conclusion: The present study showed novabone putty significantly improved the clinical parameters in horizontal bone defects.

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Salivary Matrix Metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) in Relation to Periodontal Health Status Among a Group of Hypertensive Patients

Journal of Baghdad College of Dentistry ◽

10.26477/jbcd.v30i3.2531 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 30 (3) ◽

pp. 48-53

Author(s):

Iman Z AlMudaris ◽

Nadia A AlRawi

Keyword(s):

Periodontal Disease ◽

Plaque Index ◽

Control Group ◽

Study Group ◽

Periodontal Health ◽

Pocket Depth ◽

Clinical Attachment Level ◽

Probing Pocket Depth ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Attachment Level

Background: Hypertension is probably the most important public health problem around the world. People with periodontal disease may be at greater risk of hypertension. The inflammatory effects of periodontal disease help to promote endothelial dysfunction in arteries which may lead to changes in blood pressure. Salivary MMP-8 has been associated with both periodontal disease and prevalent hypertension. Aim of study: This study was conducted to measure salivary matrix metalloproteinase - 8, in relation to periodontal health condition among a group of patients with hypertension in comparison with control group. Materials and methods: Ninety subjects, aged 45-50 years old were included in this study, seeking treatment for chest pain in Ibn-AlBaytar center for cardiac surgical treatments in Baghdad, Iraq. The subjects were divided into study group (45 patient) who were diagnosed to be a hypertensive patient, and a control group (45 subject), with no hypertension. Plaque status was evaluated according to the Silness and Loe, probing pocket depth and clinical attachment level. Unstimulated saliva was collected from all subjects to analyses MMP-8. Result: A high mean value of plaque index, clinical attachment level and probing pocket depth for the study group than the control group with statistically no significant difference. In addition to that, a significant positive correlation between the plaque index and the clinical attachment level among both groups. Salivary MMP-8 level showed a higher level in the study group than in the control group, with statistically significant difference between groups, and a significant positive correlation was detected between salivary MMP-8 with plaque index, among study group, Conclusions: Higher percentage of periodontal diseases was found among patients with blood hypertension. In addition, high level of salivary MMP-8 is potentially associated with periodontal status of the study group.

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Comparative Study between an Immediate Loading Protocol Using the Digital Workflow and a Conventional Protocol for Dental Implant Treatment: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm8050622 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

pp. 622 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Piyanut Rattanapanich ◽

Weerapan Aunmeungtong ◽

Pisaisit Chaijareenont ◽

Pathawee Khongkhunthian

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trial ◽

Patient Satisfaction ◽

Success Rate ◽

Randomized Clinical Trial ◽

Immediate Loading ◽

Digital Workflow ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Bone Level ◽

Marginal Bone Level ◽

Implant Treatment

Background: The purposes of this randomized clinical trial study was to compare the immediate loading of dental implants while employing digital workflow and conventional implants in terms of the success rate, marginal bone level, and patient satisfaction. Methods: Fifty patients who had edentulous area on the mandibular premolar or molar area were included in the study. Twenty-five patients were assigned to immediate loading implant treatment using the digital technique and 25 patients were assigned to conventional loading implant treatment. In the first group, the patients were received digital impression (Cerec Omnicam, Dentsply Sirona®, York, PA, USA), designed, producing zirconia crown, and inserted on the same surgery day. The second group, after a healing period of three months, was received analog impression following conventional impression for the zirconia crown. Clinical outcome and radiographic bone level were evaluated after three, six, and 12 months. Patient satisfaction was measured at 12 months after inserting the implant. Results: There was no implants and protheses failure in both groups. The mean resonance frequency analysis values at the day of surgery were 78.26 ± 4.09 in immediate loading using the digital group (ILD) and 73.74 ± 5.14 in the conventional loading group (CL), respectively. Insertion torque values at the day of surgery were 36.60 ± 12.64 in ILD and 38.8 ± 12.19 CL, respectively. The marginal bone level in CL at three, six, and 12 months were 0.14 ± 0.28 mm, 0.18 ± 0.30 mm, and 0.17 ± 0.29 mm, respectively, while in ILD at three, six, and 12 months were 0.18 ± 0.33 mm and 0.16 ± 0.27 mm and 0.15 ± 0.31, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups. Only one question in patient satisfaction’s questionnaire was “Now, can your dental implant and crown be used well?” had been significantly different in favor to the conventional group. Conclusion: Within the limitation of this study, it may be concluded that, after one-year follow up, there were no statistically significant differences between the immediate loading of dental implants employed from the digital workflow and conventional implant treatment technique in the success rate and marginal bone level. In patient satisfaction, there was only statistic significant difference in question related to implant prosthetic function in favor of the CL group, whereas the question concerning speaking, cleansing, price, and expectation displayed no difference.

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Peri-Implant Bone Loss Measurement Using a Region-Based Convolutional Neural Network on Dental Periapical Radiographs

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm10051009 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 1009

Author(s):

Jun-Young Cha ◽

Hyung-In Yoon ◽

In-Sung Yeo ◽

Kyung-Hoe Huh ◽

Jung-Suk Han

Keyword(s):

Neural Network ◽

Bone Loss ◽

Convolutional Neural Network ◽

Data Augmentation ◽

Training Dataset ◽

Radiographic Images ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Bone Level ◽

Marginal Bone Level ◽

The Mean

Determining the peri-implant marginal bone level on radiographs is challenging because the boundaries of the bones around implants are often unclear or the heights of the buccal and lingual bone levels are different. Therefore, a deep convolutional neural network (CNN) was evaluated for detecting the marginal bone level, top, and apex of implants on dental periapical radiographs. An automated assistant system was proposed for calculating the bone loss percentage and classifying the bone resorption severity. A modified region-based CNN (R-CNN) was trained using transfer learning based on Microsoft Common Objects in Context dataset. Overall, 708 periapical radiographic images were divided into training (n = 508), validation (n = 100), and test (n = 100) datasets. The training dataset was randomly enriched by data augmentation. For evaluation, average precision, average recall, and mean object keypoint similarity (OKS) were calculated, and the mean OKS values of the model and a dental clinician were compared. Using detected keypoints, radiographic bone loss was measured and classified. No statistically significant difference was found between the modified R-CNN model and dental clinician for detecting landmarks around dental implants. The modified R-CNN model can be utilized to measure the radiographic peri-implant bone loss ratio to assess the severity of peri-implantitis.

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Crestal Bone Changes in Different Implants Designs: A Prospective Clinical Trial

European Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.1055/s-0039-1697216 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 13 (04) ◽

pp. 497-502 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Gustavo M. Caetano ◽

Patrícia Pauletto ◽

Luis A. Mezzomo ◽

Elken G. Rivaldo

Keyword(s):

Tissue Level ◽

Linear Measurements ◽

Significance Level ◽

Implant Placement ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Bone Changes ◽

Bone Level ◽

Marginal Bone Level ◽

Distal Aspect ◽

The Moment

Abstract Objective Several modifications, such as changes in the implant–abutment connection, have been suggested in studies on dental implants to better preserve the peri-implant bone level. The aim of this study was to prospectively compare crestal bone level changes between two different implant designs—tissue level (TL) and bone level (BL). Materials and Methods The sample comprised 18 patients, on whom a total of 30 hydrophilic tissue- and bone level implants were placed (SLActive, Straumann Institut AG, Basel, Switzerland), in the posterior region of the maxilla or the mandible. Impressions were taken after 45 days of healing. Then, cemented-retained metalloceramic crowns were fabricated and installed. Marginal bone level changes were assessed by the paralleling technique of periapical radiographies, on both mesial and distal aspects of each implant, at the moment of the implant placement and after 1 year of loading. Photoshop software was used to perform linear measurements by a single and calibrated examiner. Statistical Analysis The Mann–Whitney test at a 5% significance level was used to compare the bone changes among the implants assessed. Results A significantly lower (p = 0.048) bone remodeling was observed on bone level implants (0.05 mm), when compared to tissue level implants (0.47 mm; p = 0.048). The average marginal bone level changes at the distal aspect did not show any statistically significant difference (p = 0.325). Conclusions Tissue level implants presented greater bone loss in the mesial surface than bone level implants. Both designs presented stable and clinically acceptable bone crests.

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Povidone Iodine vs Tetracycline Fibers-To Analyse the Therapeutic Effect

Journal of Oral Health and Community Dentistry ◽

10.5005/johcd-8-1-24 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 24-29 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

SM Apoorva ◽

A Suchetha ◽

N Sapna ◽

A Garg ◽

P Lakshmi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Povidone Iodine ◽

Local Drug Delivery ◽

Periodontal Pocket ◽

Pocket Depth ◽

Probing Pocket Depth ◽

Group I ◽

Intergroup Comparison ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Group Ii ◽

Attachment Level

ABSTRACT Aim This study was designed to compare the efficacy of tetracycline fibres and povidone iodine when locally delivered to the moderately deep periodontal pocket. Materials and methods 30 subjects were selected for the study and divided into two groups; Group I received Tetracycline fibers (Periodontal AB Plus), Group II received Povidone iodine local drug delivery. The Gingival Index (GI), Probing Pocket Depth (PPD) and Clinical Attachment Level (CAL) were measured at baseline and at 3 months. Results The intragroup comparison between PPD, CAL and GI at baseline and 3 months showed a statistically significant difference in group I in relation to all parameters; in group II, the PPD and CAL did not show a statistically significant difference. The intergroup comparison of PPD and CAL at the end of 3 months, showed a statistically significant difference between the two groups, with tetracycline fibers giving superior results. Conclusion Tetracycline fibers were more efficacious in improving the periodontal health status when compared to Povidone Iodine.

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High-resolution ultrasonography of gingival biomarkers for periodontal diagnosis in healthy and diseased subjects

10.1101/2021.11.08.21265833 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Colman Moore ◽

Jane Law ◽

Christopher Pham ◽

Kai-Chiao Joe Chang ◽

Casey Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Alveolar Bone ◽

Gingival Recession ◽

Diagnostic Methods ◽

Ultrasound Images ◽

High Frequency Ultrasound ◽

Pocket Depth ◽

Clinical Attachment Level ◽

Probing Pocket Depth ◽

Bone Level ◽

Attachment Level

Periodontal disease affects nearly 50% of Americans but diagnostic methods have remained the same for decades. Periodontal examination via physical probing provides critical metrics such as pocket depth, clinical attachment level, and gingival recession; however, this practice is time consuming, variable, and often painful. In this study, we investigated high-frequency ultrasound (40 MHz) for the image-based measurement of periodontal metrics. Imaging was performed at midbuccal sites for a set of periodontally healthy (n = 10) and diseased (n = 6) subjects and image-based measurements were compared to gold-standard physical probing measurements. Human operators identified relevant markers (e.g., cementoenamel junction, gingival margin, alveolar bone crest) in B-mode ultrasound images from 66 teeth to calculate gingival height and alveolar bone level. These metrics were correlated to clinical measurements of probing pocket depth and clinical attachment level for disease staging (1.57-mm bias and 0.25-mm bias, respectively). Interoperator bias was negligible (<0.1 mm) for gingival height measurements and 0.45 mm for alveolar bone level measurements. The ultrasonographic measurements of gingival height and alveolar bone level served as effective diagnostic surrogates for clinical probing measurements while offering more detailed anatomical information and painless operation.

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