scholarly journals Making Cities Resilient in Ghana: The Realities of Slum Dwellers That Confront the Accra Metropolitan Assembly

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 70
Author(s):  
Ronald Adamtey ◽  
John Victor Mensah ◽  
Gifty Obeng
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection Agency ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Fire Service ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Qualitative Approaches ◽  
Slum Dwellers ◽  
The Impact

Over the past three decades, various countries and stakeholders have aimed at having cities that can better handle natural and human-made disasters, protect human life, absorb the impact of economic, environmental and social hazards and promote well-being, inclusive and sustainable growth. This paper investigates how informal ties result in in-filling and the creation of slums in the context of efforts to make cities resilient in Ghana using the Accra Metropolis as case study. The United Nations Habitat classification of slums was used to purposively select two slum settlements in Accra for the study. The study used mixed methods of quantitative and qualitative approaches to collect data from April 2018 to August 2018. Quantitative data was collected from 400 slum dwellers while qualitative data was collected from eight focus group discussion sessions and in-depth interviews with at least one senior official from related institutions such as Accra Metropolitan Assembly (AMA), Ministry of Local Government and Rural Development (MLGRD), Ministry of Water Resources (MWR), Ministry of Works and Housing (MWH), Ministry of Inner City and Zongo Development (MICZD), Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), Ghana Police Service, and Ghana National Fire Service. Descriptive techniques were used for the analysis. The findings are that informal ties contribute to in-filling in slums. Slum dwellers do not plan to return home, they are not involved in land use decision making and the slums have opportunities and challenges to the slum dwellers and AMA. The AMA should avoid forced eviction of slums and rather enforce development control bye-laws, implement slum upgrading programs, and involve slum dwellers in upgrading programs. Slum dwellers must cooperate with AMA to make Accra resilient. The mainstreaming of the issue of slums in all urban development agendas needs to be given the needed political and policy attention by central government and all stakeholders.

scholarly journals Environmental noise, its types and effects on health

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-48
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Traffic Noise ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Environmental Noise ◽  
Road Traffic Noise ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Railway Traffic ◽  
The Impact

Noise can be defined as an undesirable sound that pollutes the environment. If noise is continuous and exceeds certain levels, negative effects on health can be observed. In recent years, the impact of environmental noise (road traffic noise, railway traffic noise, air traffic noise and industrial noise) on human health has come under increasingly intense scrutiny. Noise can cause a number of negative effects on health that directly or indirectly affect humans. The occurrence of some certain and harmful health effects drives the onset of others and may contribute to the development of various diseases. Health is not only a state of physical well-being, but also mental well-being. Mental health primarily depends on the quality of life, which can be affected by various environmental factors, such as noise. An important aspect of fighting noise is the most effective protection of the population by avoiding sources of noise and reducing it. This can be achieved by introducing new technical solutions and new technologies, including devices that generate less noise. Another important measure is educating the society and influencing the change of individual and collective behavior, which may contribute to reducing the harmful factor, which is noise in human life, and minimize the resulting negative effects on health.

scholarly journals Analyzing the most effective indicators of accountant professional ethics: the inevitable necessity for assessing the safe behavior of accountants

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Mir Hosseini ◽  
M Moinuddin ◽  
F Hirani ◽  
SH Hatami Nasab
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Professional Ethics ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Moral Values ◽  
Study Data ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Qualitative Approaches ◽  
Safe Behavior ◽  
The Impact

Introduction: Morality is very important in human life because human humanity is formed when moral values are crystallized in him. Every human being is evaluated to the extent of the emergence of moral values in thoughts, speech, and behavior, the first manifestation of a person in society is that person's morality. To increase the impact of professional ethics, it is necessary to have patterns that are consistent with culture and society, and by recognizing them, the dimensions of safe behavior by accountants can be explored. Materials and Methods: This research is based on a combined method. Because in this research, both quantitative and qualitative approaches have been used in data collection and analysis, a combination of findings and conclusions. In the present study, data collection has been done through library and field research methods. Statistics consists of theoretical texts related to accounting professional ethics. In this study, using a researcher-made questionnaire, effective criteria based on previous research were identified and finally, 25 sub-components in the form of 5 indicators were identified as the most important factors of professional ethics. In this study, NVIVO software (in the content analysis section) Used. Results: According to experts, the components of professionalism and organization are more important than other criteria and affect the sustainable development of safe behavior and professional ethics of the accountant. Conclusion: By understanding the professional ethics of accountants and identifying its basic components in different dimensions and determining the importance of each of them, a specific framework or format for accountants to observe or not to observe professional ethics and the desire to act based on Design and implement a code of professional conduct to reduce unsafe behaviors and, as a result, reduce the incidence of accidents in the country's industries.

METEOROLOGICAL VOCABULARY IN UKRAINIAN AND CHINESE LANGUAGES: SYSTEMATIC TRANSLATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (31) ◽  
pp. 36-50
Author(s):  
Natalia Gavrilyuk
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Modern Science ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Natural Phenomena ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Close Link ◽  
Ancient People ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

Within the anthropocentric paradigm of modern linguistics there is a steady interest in the human factor in language, which, among other things, is realized through the close attention of researchers to the theory of linguistic pictures of the world, which fully reflects the uniqueness of peoples Human life and activity are inseparable from nature. Nature is one, but manifests itself in various forms. In the process of learning about nature, man tries to realize both its unity and diversity. A special place in the perception of the world by man is occupied by climatic and weather phenomena that affect human behavior in the world, various aspects of his life, including economic, as well as well-being. In the IV century. BC became aware of the impact of fluctuations in weather conditions on human health. For example, Hippocrates established a close link between human disease and the weather conditions in which he lives. Over the centuries, people have gathered a variety of knowledge about nature: from misunderstanding of natural phenomena, fear of them, inherent in ancient people, to today’s scientific knowledge of nature, from the first folk signs of weather to the formation of modern science — meteorology. Nature as a source of everything necessary for man has an impact on both the material and spiritual culture of society. Therefore, knowledge of meteorological phenomena occupies an important place in the awareness of reality. The article considers the peculiarities of meteorological vocabulary in Chinese and Ukrainian languages, as well as the peculiarities of meteorological vocabulary translation in two languages.

scholarly journals Happiness and Satisfaction after 1 Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-123
Author(s):  
Diena Dwidienawati ◽  
David Tjahjana ◽  
Dyah Gandasari ◽  
M. Faisal
Keyword(s):  
Life Satisfaction ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Satisfaction With Life Scale ◽  
Satisfaction Scale ◽  
Life Scale ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Impact

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic is on human health and other aspects of human life. The government's most common action to prevent the spread of the infection is mobility restriction. The implication of this mobility restriction is the limitation of social activities can be done. Mobility restriction was implemented in Jakarta and its surrounding cities and impacted more than 20 million people. The previous study showed that mobility restriction impacted people's happiness and life satisfaction. After one year of COVID-19 measure implementation, is the adaption effect applied? This study aims to see whether, after one year of the COVID-19 pandemic, people are starting to adapt, and their well-being level is improving compared to the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. A survey was conducted in February - March 2021. Happiness and satisfaction with life were measured using the Subjective Happiness Scale and Satisfaction with Life Scale. The reliability and validity of measures were analyzed with SPSS. The study reveals that the participant's happiness level was only slightly happy, and the level of satisfaction was only slightly satisfied. The participants claim that their happiness has deteriorated during mobility restriction (58%). Fifty-eight percent felt their satisfaction has deteriorated. The student's group is shown as the most impacted group in their happiness and life satisfaction scale.

scholarly journals Peter Wilkin. The Political Economy of Global Communication: An Introduction. London: Pluto Press, 2001. vi + 163 pages. Paperback. ,14.99.

2002 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-201
Author(s):  
Mir Annice Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Political Economy ◽  
International Political Economy ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Human Security ◽  
Maximum Level ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Global Communications ◽  
Key Indicators ◽  
The Impact

The author of this book has enriched international political economy by introducing a new aspect, namely, the impact of the steadily advancing global communications industry on economies and societies and, more specifically, on human security. The latter is a broad-based concept developed by the UNDP to reflect, through certain key indicators, human well-being. This consists of a very strong element of social justice in which human beings can satisfy their needs by organising the appropriate political, economic, and cultural institutions within a framework that provides the maximum level of participation and autonomy. For the latter to be achieved, it is essential that people have the means to decide what they wish to do in life and then can translate these wishes into actuality. As the author quotes Streeten, human security is “a broad approach to improving human well-being that would cover all aspects of human life, for all people, in both high-income and developing countries, both now and in the future” (p. 5).

scholarly journals Competence-based approach: prerequisites and prospects for studying the mechanisms of managing the emotional response of schoolchildren

2021 ◽  
Vol 284 ◽  
pp. 09014
Author(s):  
Natalia Verkhoturova
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Response ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Emotional Literacy ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Impact

Emotional processes are the most important class of mental manifestations in human life, the state of which largely determines physical and social well-being, mental and somatic health, as well as the success of the subject in all types of his life. The accumulation and expansion of emotional experience, its development, consolidation and modification under the influence of purposefully organized education and upbringing, as well as the impact of cultural and conventional norms adopted in a particular society, consistently lead to the formation of a significant group of abilities, knowledge and skills that reveal the emotional literacy of an individual in management of emotional response and characterizing the behavior of the subject from the point of view of his rationality, consciousness, criticality, regulation, self-control and self-management. The presence of emotional literacy determines the social maturity of a person, which is revealed in his emotional competence when interacting with the social environment.

scholarly journals Impact of COVID-19 on the Education Sector in Nepal - Challenges and Coping Strategies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saraswati Dawadi ◽  
Ram Giri ◽  
Padam Simkhada
Keyword(s):  
Online Education ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Implementation Strategies ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mobile Technologies ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Disadvantaged Children ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Temporary Closure ◽  
The Impact

<p>The pandemic spread of Novel Coronavirus, also known as COVID-19, has significantly disrupted every aspects of human life, including education. The alarming spread of the virus caused a havoc in the educational system forcing educational institutions to shut down. According to a UNESCO report, 1.6 billion children across 191 countries have been severely impacted by the temporary closure of the educational institutions. In order to mitigate the impact, educational institutions have responded to the closure differently in different contexts with a range of options for students, teachers, managers and parents, depending on the resources, both materials and human, available to them. Most of the options have to incorporate innovative technologies (e.g., digital and mobile technologies combined with traditional technologies such as radio and TV) in order to provide at least some form of educational continuity. As distance and online education is dependent on technological facilities, including internet and Wi-Fi, the discrepancies that exist in their availability are widening the gaps in access and quality of education. This article investigates the impact of COVID-19 on the Nepalese education system, with a focus on the school education. Based on the published documents, reports and news commentaries, the article provides a critical analysis and reflection on the opportunities and challenges the pandemic has presented for the technolization of the education systems. The findings indicate that the pandemic has had serious impacts on students’ learning and well-being, and that it potentially widens the gaps between advantaged and disadvantaged children in their equitable access to quality education. Furthermore, the findings suggest that Nepal has formulated a number of ICT and education related policies since 2000; however, the challenges it is experiencing in the advent of Covid-19 are mainly due to its faulty implementation strategies and inability to implement those policies. A discussion of the challenges and their potential managing strategies is provided in the final section of the article.</p>

Transformative Learning Factors to Enhance Integral Healthy Organizations

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-83
Author(s):  
Chanchai Thavinpipatkul ◽  
Archanya Ratana-Ubol ◽  
Suwithida Charungkaittikul
Keyword(s):  
Transformative Learning ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Organizational Growth ◽  
Qualitative Approaches ◽  
Healthy Organization ◽  
Learning Factors ◽  
Ecological Worldview

This article focuses on how organizations search for the key factors to develop integral changes and determine broader and higher transcendental learning skills in order to achieve healthy and sustainable organizational growth more effectively and efficiently. This study employed qualitative approaches. The research method used is an in-depth interview of 16 key informants in the field of Non-Formal Education, Transformation, and Healthy Organization Development in Thailand, from both private and government entities. The key query was that in the next 10 years, what will the healthier sustainable organizations look like and what are the main factors to enhance integral healthy organizations? The data was analyzed and interpreted with content-analysis techniques in understanding key factors with insights of how to uplift organizational well-being. Results yielded the eight essential factors for development of a healthy organization integrally – Principle, Physical, Mind, Intellectual, Emotion, Organization, Social, and Environment which are all reciprocally interconnected to accomplish a resilient and sustainable healthy organization. To achieve an integral healthy organization, a balanced organizational structure and climate are required to support change through perspective transformation in order to further develop mutual trust and respect. In addition, public consciousness and systematic ecological worldview development are essential for the realization that organizations are whole and at the same time are parts of the higher whole. It is anticipated that these findings will (1) contribute meaningful information of what are the key factors relating to the development of integral healthy organization, (2) contribute insights as to how those factors interact sequentially and systematically to achieve the greater meaning of balanced and resilient organizations, (3) contribute to learning about conditions impacting organizational direction and alignment to meet with sustainable growth and transcendental competitiveness, and (4) be a resource for further study.

Impact of own resources on municipalities’ investments expenditures in Benin

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard G. Hounmenou ◽  
Fabrice D. Degbedji
Keyword(s):  
Panel Data ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Local Development ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Local Resources ◽  
The Impact

Purpose This paper aims to study the impact of municipalities’ own resources on their investments‘ expenditure. Design/methodology/approach Panel data analysis. A sample of 34 municipalities in Benin. Econometrics tests for the panel data models – estimation of the fixed-effect and random-effect models. Hausman test to identify the best model to explain the impact of the explanatory variables on local investments’ expenditures. Heteroskedasticity, normality and autocorrelation tests. Findings The results establish a positive and significant impact of own resources, state transfers and demographic variables on local investments’ expenses. Research limitations/implications As an implication, the results show the importance of local resources’ mobilization for the municipalities’ investment capacity building. They also show that the central government transfers continue to play a major place in local investments’ finance, even in a decentralization context. Limitation: Available data do not allow to well evaluate the impact of the electoral variable on municipalities’ investments’ expenditure. This situation does not allow to well analyze the public choice considerations in local authorities’ behaviors. Practical implications Local mobilization of financial resources must be encouraged to raise municipalities’ investments’ capacities. Strategies must be developed to reinforce local capacities in local resources mobilization. Social implications The results show the importance of local resources in local investments. They show the importance of citizens’ participation in their well-being construction, through local resource mobilization (ex: local fiscality). Originality/value Many authors assert in the literature that financial autonomy has a real impact on local development. However, empirically, it was not demonstrated. This paper contributes to correct this lack.

Causes of psychopathology

2015 ◽  
pp. 94-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Brüne
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Life History Strategies ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Immunological Diseases ◽  
Proximate Causes ◽  
Suboptimal Design ◽  
Epigenetic Modulation ◽  
The Impact

The causes of psychiatric and psychosomatic conditions can be categorized into two groups: proximate and ultimate (evolutionary) causes. Proximate causes comprise genetic factors, epigenetic modulation, childhood trauma and other life events, and senescence. Ultimate or evolutionary causes concern mismatch between adaptation and current environment, suboptimal design, and design compromises. Examples of evolutionary causes of dysfunction include cognitive and emotional adaptations to small-scale societies (mismatch), anxiety (suboptimal design), premature birth (design compromise), and other features associated with human life history. Furthermore, many ‘diseases of civilization’ fall under the category of mismatch, as well as immunological diseases that may arise from a lack of exposure to pathogens early in life. Prevention of psychopathology, though desirable, may not always be possible due to the fact that evolution does not select for emotional well-being. However, reducing the impact of early adversity and helping people develop alternative life-history strategies may be an attainable goal.

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