scholarly journals Yield Performance of Newly Developed Cassava Varieties in Response to Inorganic Fertilizers

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 60
Author(s):  
Sylvester Katuromunda ◽  
Benson Ekwaro ◽  
Boniface Wanaku
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizers ◽  
Respective Control ◽  
Cassava Stem ◽  
Planting Materials ◽  
Cassava Varieties

A study was conducted at Kyambogo University Farm in randomized complete block design with three replications to assess the effect of NPK (17:17:17) fertilizer on the growth and tuber yields of two newly developed cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) varieties, NAROCASS 1 and NASE 14. Cassava varieties were assigned to the main plots, while fertilizer rates (zero/control, 200, 400, 600 kg/ha) were sub-plots. Fertilizer was applied in two splits, at planting and four months after planting. Fertilizer application significantly (P<0.05) increased the cassava stem heights to first branching and at harvest, and the number of stems per plant when compared with the control treatments. Mean stem heights to first branching and at harvest of plants that received NPK were higher than those of the respective control treatments by 62.8 and 70.5% for NAROCASS 1, and 57.0 and 76.5% for NASE 14, respectively. Fertilizer rate of 400 kg/ha significantly increased the lengths, numbers of tubers and tuber yields per plant when compared with the control treatments. Mean lengths, numbers of tubers and tuber yields of plants that received NPK were higher than those of respective control treatments by 48.2, 36.9 and 68.3% for NAROCASS 1, and 39.9, 50.5 and 67.6% for NASE 14, respectively. Therefore, to achieve optimum tuber yields of newly developed cassava varieties, farmers should integrate NPK fertilizer application into already existing management practices, particularly the use of high quality planting materials and integrated pest, disease and weed management. However, government ministries concerned should ensure that inorganic fertilizers are readily accessible and affordable to farmers.

scholarly journals Abundance of Two Generalist Insect Pests of Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) as Influenced by NPK Fertilization

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 258-265
Author(s):  
James I. OKO ◽  
Bonaventure C. ECHEZONA ◽  
Christian U. AGBO ◽  
Stella O. MUOJIAMA
Keyword(s):  
Manihot Esculenta ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽  
Treatment Data ◽  
Npk Fertilizer ◽  
Generalist Insect ◽  
Fertilizer Rates ◽  
Cassava Varieties

The influence of NPK fertilizer on the population of two generalist pests, grasshopper (Zonocerus variegatus) and termites (Isoptera spp.) on some cassava varieties (Manihot esculenta Crantz), was investigated in a field trial carried out at Teaching and Research Farm of Department of Crop science, University of Nigeria, Nsukka. The treatments comprised all possible combinations of four rates of fertilizer application (0 kg/ha, 200 kg/ha, 400 kg/ha and 600 kg/ha), four improved cassava varieties (‘TMS 01-1368’, ‘TME 419’, ‘TMS 98-05-50’, ‘TMS 05 10’) and three modes of  fertilizer application (Single, Split and Split-split) arranged in a factorial experiment and laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD). There were three replications of each treatment. Data were collected on Z. variegatus and termite incidences. In each season, incidence of Z. variegatus on cassava showed significant (p<0.05) difference among varieties. Varieties ‘TMS 01-1368’, ‘TMS 05 10,’ and ‘TMS 98-05-05,’ were significantly (p<0.05) more susceptible to the pest compared to variety ‘TME 419’. Incidence of termites on cassava differed significantly (p<0.05) among varieties in the late season and variety TMS 05 10’ was more susceptible to this pest than other varieties. Rates of NPK fertilizer had significant (p<0.05) influence on Z. variegatus incidence only. Application of various NPK fertilizer rates increased the incidence of Z. variegatus on the varieties compared to plots without fertilizer (0 kg/ha). The abundance of Z. variegatus in cassava field was influenced by fertilization and variety while termites were influenced by variety.

scholarly journals UJI DAYA HASIL UBIKAYU (Manihot esculenta Crantz) VARIETAS UJ5 PADA BERBAGAI UMUR PANEN

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
Palupi Puspitorini ◽  
Dyah Pitaloka ◽  
Tri Kurniastuti
Keyword(s):  
Manihot Esculenta ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Index Number ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Tuber Crop ◽  
Cassava Varieties

This study aims to find out the results of cassava tuber crop UJ5 variety at different harvest ages. Research direction is that cassava varieties have been planted throughout Indonesia as the best producer of cassava varieties. High levels of starch and high HCN content makes this variety was selected by the factory - tapioca factory in Indonesia. Research design used randomized block design with 7 treatments of harvesting (UP) were repeated 3 times. UP6 (harvesting 6 MAP), UP7 (harvesting 7 MAP), UP8 (harvesting 8 MAP), UP9 (harvesting 9 MAP), UP10 (harvesting 10 MAP), UP11 (harvesting 11 MAP), UP12 ( harvesting 12 MAP). The research variables are the fresh weight of tuber, tuber starch content (%), the weight of biomass, harvest index, number of tubers per plant. The results showed that the best harvesting time is UP9 the results did not differ with UP10, UP11 and UP12

scholarly journals Effects of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on the Growth and Yield of Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) Production in South Western Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
S. O. Olanipekun ◽  
A. O. Togun ◽  
A. K. Adebayo ◽  
F. B. Anjorin
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Hibiscus Cannabinus ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizers ◽  
Organic Fertiliser

Farmers use Inorganic Fertilizers (IF) to improve kenaf yield in Nigeria. However, the detrimental effects of mineral fertilizers and its high cost calls for the use of organic fertilizers that are locally available and environment friendly. Combination of Organic Fertiliser (OF) with IF may reduce the bulkiness of OF while harnessing the benefit of both for higher yields. Field trials were conducted at Ibadan and Ilora in 2013 and 2014 to investigate the effects of combined fertilizers on the growth and yield of kenaf. Organic and IF (NPK 20:10:10) fertilizers as: (i) 160 kg ha-1 (sole organic), (ii) 100 kg ha-1 (sole IFl), (iii) Organic and IF at 50:50 ratio and (iv) control (no fertilizer). The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete block design (RCBD) and replicated three times. Results showed that plant height (220.17 cm, 216.80 cm) and stem diameter (2.27 cm, 1.16 cm). Bast fiber (2.27 t/ha, 2.27 t/ha) and seed yield (1.69 t/ha, 1.78 t/ha) in Ibadan and Ilora respectively were significantly higher in plots with combined fertilizer. Combined fertilizers had the highest fiber and seed yield above sole application and control (no fertilizer application). Hence it is recommended for kenaf cultivation in Southwest Nigeria.

Residual Effect of Weed Management Practices Executed in Preceding Maize on Succeeding Greengram

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Sandhya Rani ◽  
V. Chandrika ◽  
G. Prabhakara Reddy ◽  
P. Sudhakar ◽  
K.V. Nagamadhuri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Microbial Count ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Weed Infestation

Background: Maize followed by summer pulses is the emerging cropping system in many places in India. Herbicides are the efficient tools for checking weed infestation and their usage is increasing throughout the globe due to increased labour cost and quick weed control. Some herbicides do not degrade quickly and may remain in the soil for weeks, months or years after application and may inhibit the growth of succeeding crops. Methods: Field experiment was conducted in a randomized block design (RBD) during rabi and summer seasons of 2017-18 and 2018-19 to know the residual effect of different herbicides applied in maize on succeeding greengram. Result: The present study revealed that lower density and dry weight of total weeds and higher yield attributes and yield was recorded with the practice of adopting two hand weedings at 15 and 30 DAS, which was however, at par with atrazine 1.0 kg ha-1 as PE fb one HW at 30 DAS, atrazine 1.0 kg ha-1 as PE fb topramezone 30 g ha-1 as PoE and atrazine 1.0 kg ha-1 as PE fb tembotrione 120 g ha-1 as PoE, without any significant disparity among them. Herbicides applied in maize did not alter statistically the enzyme activity and microbial count in the soil at harvest of succeeding greeengram. 

Maize MAIZE YIELD AS AFFECTED BY METHODS OF TILLAGE AND WEED MANAGEMEMNT

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-66
Author(s):  
Haseeb Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Maize Yield ◽  
Control Methods ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Maize Crop

An experiment entitled: Maize yield as affected by methods of tillage and weed control methods was conducted at Agronomy Research Farms, The University of Agriculture Peshawar during summer 2016. The study was conducted in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with split plot arrangement having four replications. Tillage practices 1) Chisel plough + rotavator 2) Mouldboard plough + rotavator 3) Cultivator + rotavator and 4) Rotavator were assigned to main plots. Weed management practices included 1) Control, 2) Hoeing 15 days after sowing 3) Hoeing 15 and 30 days after sowing 4) Hoeing 15, 30 and 45 days after sowing, and 4) Herbicide (nicosulfuron) were kept into the subplots. The results revealed that chisel plough + rotavator has significantly reduced weeds m-2 (122, 101 and 125 weeds m-2), weeds fresh weight (19.73 g m-2, 116.35 g m-2 and 252.56 g m-2) and weeds dry weight (6.83 g m-2, 38.69 g m-2 and 80.61 g m-2) at 30, 45 and 60 days after sowing, respectively. The operation of chisel plough + rotavator has produced tallest plants (221.22 cm) with maximum grain rows ear-1 (16), grain yield (3586 kg ha-1) and shelling percentage (78.14%). Among weed control methods, hoeing 15, 30 and 45 days after sowing revealed maximum plant height (226.41 cm), grain rows ear-1 (16), grain yield (3604 kg ha-1) and shelling percentage (79.11%). All weed control methods have showed significant reduction in weeds m-2, weeds fresh weight and weeds dry weight. Interaction was also found significant for weeds m-2 at 60 DAS and grain yield of maize. Lowest weeds (56 weeds m-2) at 60 DAS and highest grain yield (4569 kg ha-1) was recorded when seedbed was prepared with chisel plough + rotavator with 3 hoeings (hoeing 15, 30 and 45 days after sowing). It is concluded that treatment of chisel plough + rotavator and hoeing 15, 30 and 45 days after sowing has significantly produced maximum grain yield of maize crop.

scholarly journals Agro-Morphological Traits And Root Yield Of An Improved Cassava (Manihot Esculenta Crantz) Variety Under Nutrient-Applied Conditions In Offinso Municipality Of Ghana

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kwadwo Gyasi Santo ◽  
Abdulai Muntala ◽  
Patrick Mawuenyegan Norshie
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Poultry Manure ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Dry Matter Yield ◽  
Root Yield ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽  
Number Of Stems

Field studies were undertaken at Offinso in the Ashanti Region of Ghana during the 2015/2016 growing season to evaluate growth, root and dry matter yields of an improved cassava variety (Bankyehemaa) treated with poultry manure (PM), NPK 15-15-15 and NPK 23-10-10 fertilizers. The treatment structure was a 3 x 4 factorial, laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Three levels of fertilizer (600 kg/ha NPK 15-15-15, 600 kg/ha NPK 23-10-10 and 2 t/ha PM) were applied at 6, 8, 10 and 12 weeks after planting. The parameters measured included plant height, fresh and dry shoot weights, number of stems per plant, stem girth, fresh and dry root yields and total dry matter yield. The data collected were subjected to analysis of variance using the Genstat Statistical package. Main effects of fertilizer type and time of fertilizer application on most of the parameters measured were not significant. However, the interaction effects of the two factors were significant in all the parameters measured. Vegetative growth of Bankyehemaa increased when mineral fertilizers were applied earlier than 12 weeks after planting. The highest fresh and dry shoot weights and the biggest stems were produced when NPK 15-15-15 fertilizer was applied at 6 weeks after planting. Plants treated with NPK 15-15-15 fertilizer at 10 weeks after planting were the tallest, while those treated with NPK 23-10-10 fertilizer at 8 weeks after planting produced the highest number of stems per plant. Application of poultry manure at 6 weeks after planting produced the highest fresh cassava root yield of 28.10 t/ha. The highest dry matter yield of 19.80 t/ha was obtained when poultry manure was applied at 12 weeks after planting.

scholarly journals Eco-Friendly Management Practices on Quality Characteristics of Transplanted Rice (Oryza sativa L.) as Influenced by Organic Manures

2020 ◽  
pp. 193-201
Author(s):  
R. Ajaykumar ◽  
K. Sivasabari
Keyword(s):  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Quality Characteristics ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Inorganic Fertilizers ◽  
Transplanted Rice ◽  
Randomized Block Design

A field experiment was conducted at the farm of Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore during kharif season (Spring) to study the effect of eco-friendly management practices on quality characteristics of transplanted lowland rice. Rice CO(R) 48 was used as a test variety. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design (RBD) with three replications and nine treatments which are T1 –100 % N through dhaincha + balance P and K through inorganic fertilizers, T2 – 50 % N through dhaincha + balance N, P and K through inorganic fertilizers, T3 –100 % N through vermicompost + balance P & K through inorganic fertilizers, T4 –50 % N through vermicompost + balance N, P and K through inorganic fertilizers, T5 –100 % NPK (150 : 50 : 50 kg ha-1) through inorganic fertilizers, T6 –100 % NPK through inorganic fertilizers + 12.5 t farmyard manure, T7 – 100 % NPK through inorganic fertilizers + 6.25 t dhaincha, T8 – 100 % NPK through inorganic fertilizers + 5 t vermicompost, T9 – Control. The results revealed that higher quality characteristics of rice including physical parameters (grain length, grain breadth and L/B ratio), chemical parameters (moisture, protein, carbohydrate, amylose, fat and fibre) and cooking quality were obtained with application of 100 % N through dhaincha + balance P & K through inorganic fertilizers followed by application of 100 % NPK through inorganic fertilizers + 6.25 t dhaincha and it was par with application of 100 per cent NPK through inorganic fertilizers + 5 t ha-1 vermicompost and 100 per cent NPK through inorganic fertilizers + 12.5 t farmyard manure. Lower quality characteristics of rice were registered in absolute control.

scholarly journals Standardization of spacing and weed management practices in SRI system of rice cultivation under organic conditions in relation to sustainable agriculture in the changing scenario of climate

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 51-54
Author(s):  
Rameshwar K. ◽  
J.P. Saini ◽  
Sanjay Chadha ◽  
Punam K. ◽  
R.G. Upadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Rice Variety ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Organic Farm ◽  
Commelina Benghalensis ◽  
Hand Weeding ◽  
Paddy Yield

A field experiment was conducted during kharif seasons of 2009 & 2010 at Model Organic Farm of Department of Organic agriculture, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalya Palampur in factorial randomized block design with three replications consisting of eight treatment combinations. The treatments included two methods of weeding (mechanical weeding with cono weeder & hand weeding) and 4 spacings (25x25, 30x30, 20x20 and 30x20 cm). Rice variety RP-2421 was transplanted in second week of July during both the years following all organic packages of practices. The weeding was done at 20 & 40 days after transplanting rice. The dominant species of weeds were Echinochloa crusgalli, Digitaria sanguinalis and Panicum  dichotomiflorum among grasses; Cyperus iria and Cyperus difforimis among sedges and Aeschynomera indica, Ammania spp and Commelina benghalensis among broadleaved weeds.The experimental results revealed that 2 mechanical weedings with cono-weeder at 20 & 40 DAT resulted in significantly higher values of yield attributes viz. effective tillers/m2 & panicle length and hence higher paddy yield and lower weed dry weight over hand weeding twice (20 & 40 DAT). However, grains/ panicle and 1000 grain weight did not vary significantly during both the years. Among spacings 30x30 cm being at par with 25x25 cm & 30x20 cm recorded significantly higher paddy yield and lower weed dry weight over 20x20 cm during both the years. The interactions between method of weedings& spacing were observed to be non-significant during both the years of study.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Morphological Characters and Yield Variability of Some Elite Cassava (Manihot Esculenta Crantz) in Uyo, Southeastern Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-112
Author(s):  
Patrick Ibang Udounang ◽  
Okon John Ekwere ◽  
Ofonime Raphael Akata
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Yield Variability ◽  
Storage Root ◽  
Storage Roots ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz ◽  
Southeastern Nigeria ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cassava Varieties

Field experiment was carried out at Uyo to evaluate some morphological traits and yield variability of some elite cassava varieties with aim of making innovative recommendation to farmers. The experiment laid out in a complete block design, replicated three times. The treatments were six cassava varieties; TMS 30572, TME 419, TMS 98/0505, TMS 98/0581, TMS 01/1412 and local variety known as Obubit Okpo. Data collected from growth and yield was subjected to analysis of variances. Significant means were compares using least significant difference (LSD) at 5% probability level. Among the cassava varieties; TMS 98/0581 had superiority over in four characters namely; leaf area, storage root length, storage root circumference and yield. Also TMS 01/1412 was superior in terms of number of leaves per plant and number of storage roots per plant while TME 419 was superior in terms of plant height. Since TMS 98/0581 had four major characters, it could be disseminated to farmers in Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, while the other varieties TMS 01/1412, and TME 419 which were superior in two and one characters respectively could be incorporated into breeding programme with TMS 98/0581 to produce hybrid varieties with higher yield for the study area.   Keywords: Cassava, characters, breeding and yield.   

scholarly journals Weed dynamics, weed control efficiency and yield of aerobic rice as influenced by different weed management practices in eastern U.P.

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 1735-1740
Author(s):  
R.K. Parihar ◽  
◽  
V.K. Srivastava ◽  
S. Kumar ◽  
V. Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Aerobic Rice ◽  
Control Efficiency ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Weed Control Efficiency ◽  
Broad Leaf

Aim: To identify the best sequence of pre- and post-emergence herbicides for achieving better weed control efficiency in aerobic rice. Methodology: A field experiment was conducted in Randomized Block Design with eleven treatment combinations, replicated thrice.? The dominant weeds in field were C. dactylon, E. colona and E. crusgalli among grasses, C. rotundus, C. difformis and F. maliaceae among sedges and C. axillaris and P. niruri among broad-leaf weeds. Treatments consisting sequential application of two pre-emergence application [Pendimethalin (30 EC) @ 1.00 kg a.i. ha-1; Butachlor (50 EC) @ 1.5 kg a.i. ha-1] followed by three post emergence herbicides [Bispyribac-Na (10% SC) @ 35 g a.i. ha-1; 2, 4-D Na salt (80 WP) @ 0.06 kg a.i. ha-1; Almix (CME + MSM ) (20 WP) @ 40 g a.i. ha-1] and straw mulching @ 4 t ha-1;? Mechanical weeding at 20 and 45 DAS, weed free and unweeded check.? Results: Among herbicidal treatments, pre-emergence application of pendimethalin at 3-4 DAS fb Bispyribac-Na at 15-20 DAS as post-emergence was most effective in minimizing weed density (4.81 m-2), biomass (6.20 g m-2), weed index (1.11%) and in enhancing the weed control efficiency (84.50%), grain yield (3.68 t ha-1) and straw yield (4.87 t ha-1) over rest of the treatments. Interpretation: Sequential application of pendimethalin at 3-4 DAS fb bispyribac-Na at 15-20 DAS is prominent in enhancing herbicide efficacy and reducing weed flora abundance resulting in higher weed control efficiency and grain yield due to their broad spectrum weed control.

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