Ten-year Response of Semimature Jack Pine Forest in Northwestern Ontario to Fall Nitrogen-Phosphorus and Nitrogen-Potassium Fertilizer Treatments

1981 ◽  
Vol 57 (5) ◽  
pp. 208-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. K. Morrison ◽  
N. W. Foster ◽  
H. S. D. Swan
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Potassium Fertilizer ◽  
Forest Fertilization ◽  
Northwestern Ontario ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Best Response ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

Results are reported from the third in a series of three industry-sponsored forest fertilization field trials established in an approximately 55-year-old jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) stand in the Dryden-Sioux Lookout area of northwestern Ontario. The experiment was of randomized block design and tested various combinations of N plus P and N plus K. The experiment was unique in that fertilizers were applied in the fall on approximately 5 cm of early snow. Significant increases over control for several parameters after both five and ten years were noted for several treatments. Best response in relation to total volume increment over ten years was to N at 112 kg/ha plus K at 93 kg/ha where 21.72 m3/ha of extra wood was produced.

Effect of nitrogen, phosphorus and magnesium fertilizers on growth of a semimature jack pine forest, northwestern Ontario

1995 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 422-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. K. Morrison ◽  
N. W. Foster
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Class Iii ◽  
Forest Fertilization ◽  
Site Class ◽  
Northwestern Ontario ◽  
Volume Increment ◽  
A Site ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

In the spring of 1969, an experiment to test response (mean DBH, BA, BA%, and total and merchantable volume increments) to nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and magnesium (Mg) fertilizers, singly and in combination, was established in a semimature jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) forest on a Site Class III sandy site in the Dryden-Sioux Lookout area of northwestern Ontario, Canada. Analysis of variance of 10-year increments revealed highly significant (P = 0.01) responses of mean DBH increment, BA and percent BA increments, and total and merchantable volume increments to N, but no response to either P or Mg. An interaction between N and P was noted, however, in relation to BA and to total and merchantable volume increments. The best treatment in terms of total volume increment over that of the control was 151 kg N ha−1 plus 62 kg Mg ha−1, which produced ca. 16 m3 ha−1 of extra wood over 10 years. Key words: forest fertilization, nitrogen, phosphorus, magnesium fertilizers, jack pine growth response

scholarly journals Genotype selection and addition of fertilizer increases grain yield in upland rice in Suriname

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-194 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriano Stephan NASCENTE ◽  
Ruby KROMOCARDI
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Upland Rice ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Application Rate ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
Randomized Block Design

ABSTRACT The upland rice farmers in Suriname use local varieties and low level technologies in the field. As a result, the upland rice grain yield is low, at about 1 000 kg ha-1. Our objective was to evaluate the use of upland rice cultivars from Suriname and Brazil, and the effect of nitrogen, N, phosphorus, P, and potassium, K, fertilizers on cultivation variables. We undertook four field trials in the Victoria Area, in the Brokopondo District, using a randomized block design each with four replications. The most productive rice varieties were BRS Esmeralda (grain yield 2 903 kg ha-1) and BRS Sertaneja (2 802 kg ha-1). The highest grain yield of 2 620 kg ha-1 was achieved with a top dressing application of 76.41 kg N ha-1 20 days after sowing. For P, the highest grain yield of 3 085 kg ha-1 was achieved with application of 98.06 kg ha-1 P2O5 applied at sowing. An application rate of 31.45 kg ha-1 of K2O at sowing achieved the highest grain yield of 2 952 kg ha-1. Together, these application rates of N, P and K resulted in rice grain yield of about 3 000 kg ha-1, which is three times greater than the national average for upland rice. We demonstrate that the use of improved rice varieties matched to the local conditions, and application of appropriate fertilizers, are management practices that can result in significant increases in rice grain yield in Suriname.

scholarly journals Identification of donor lines for improving fruit yield of k 35 x k 12 eggplant hybrid

Genetika ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jelena Damnjanovic ◽  
Maja Vracarevic ◽  
Gordana Surlan-Momirovic ◽  
Slaven Prodanovic
Keyword(s):  
Inbred Line ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Potential Donor ◽  
Modified Method ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Donor Line ◽  
K 12 ◽  
Method Of Evaluation

The aim of this study was to identify an eggplant donor line which possess the largest frequency of favourable alleles that control fruit yield. Such donor line should be used to improve the elite eggplant hybride K35 x K12. The fruit yield of the elite hybrid, its parents and their hybrids with three potential donor lines (K36/1, K11 and K22/2) was examined in a diallel set by means of field trials. The trials were set in a randomized block design in three replications. After the fruit yield had been measured, the modified method of evaluation of relative loci value according to Dudley (1987) was applied. Ali inbred lines expressed positive values of the ?G' parameter. The K11 inbred had the largest ?G' value (2.38) and, also, the lowest frequency of unfavourable alleles on the loci class D (1.33). It was established that the K11 inbred line was more related to the K35 parental inbred line (7.81). Consequently, on the basis of the ?D' values, improvement should be obtained by backcrossing the elite hybrid K35 x K11 to the donor inbred K11.

scholarly journals Kompetisi beberapa jenis gulma terhadap pertumbuhan awal beberapa varietas tanaman tebu (Saccharum officinarum L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Dentin Queentiara Moelyaandani ◽  
S Setiyono
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Saccharum Officinarum ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Stem Diameter ◽  
Initial Growth ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Sugarcane Varieties ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Best Response ◽  
Number Of Leaves

Sugarcane (Sacharum officinarum L.) is a sugar-producing plant and is a food commodity that is needed by the people of Indonesia. National sugar demands are increasing every year. The low productivity of sugarcane is due to the competition of weeds which can reduce sugarcane production. To achieve high productivity, it is necessary to pay attention to the varieties used because they require certain conditions in their management. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of varieties and types of weeds on the initial growth of sugarcane. The study was conducted from September 2018 to December 2018. The study used factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) with two factors and four replications. The first factor consists of 4 sugarcane varieties, namely: Bululawang (V1), Red HW (V2), VMC (V3) and PS 862 (V4). The second factor type of weed consists of 2 types, namely Cyperus rotundus (N1) and Amaranthus spinosus L. (N2). The results showed that (1) There was interaction between the varieties (V) and the weed types (N) in stem diameter parameters and number of tillers, the treatment V4N1 gives the best response to stem diameter 1,31 cm and 4,25 number of tillers; (2) The treatment of varieties (V) gives affects to stem diameter and number of leaves, the treatment V4 gives the best response 5,38 to number of leaves; (3) Types of thorn spinach weeds can reduce the initial growth of sugarcane. Keywords: Varieties; weed; sugarcane

scholarly journals Respons Pertumbuhan dan Rendemen Minyak Klon Nilam (Pogostemon cablin Benth) terhadap Aplikasi Berbagai Dosis Urea (Growth Response And Yield Of Patchouli Clones (Pogostemon Cablin Benth) On Dose Urea Various Applications)

2020 ◽  
pp. 109-119
Author(s):  
Retno Ayu Diah Pangestu ◽  
M. Tahir ◽  
Fatahillah Fatahillah
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Optimal Dose ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Best Response ◽  
Pogostemon Cablin ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
The Right

Patchouli (Pogostemon cablin Benth) is a plant that produces essential oils and important foreign exchange earner for Indonesia. Using superior clones  with the right fertilizer application will increase the yield of patchouli oil. The research aims to obtain patchouli plants that have the best response of urea fertilization application and optimum dosage of urea for patchouli plant growth. The study was conducted at the Politeknik Negeri lampung’s teaching farm in December 2018 until May 2019. The experiment was conducted using a factorial randomized block design (RBD), consisting of two treatment factors, namely the type of urea clone. The first factor is the type of clone consisting of 2 levels, namely NPL 9 clone and Lhokseumawe clone. The second factor is the treatment of urea doses consisting of 4 levels, namely control, 250 kg.ha-1, 300 kg.ha-1, and 350 kg.ha-1. Variables observed included plant’s height, bough, diameter, number of leaves, stalk angle, chlorophyll content, wet weight of plant, wind dry weight of plant, and yield. The results of research showed  NPL 9 clone had a superior appearance and 350 kg.ha-1 of urea dose  was the optimal dose compared to other doses and could increase patchouli yield 2,3% compared to the control treatment.

scholarly journals Distribution and occurrence of western gall rust in thinned jack pine stands

1994 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 788-794 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. C. Hills ◽  
D. M. Morris ◽  
C. Bowling
Keyword(s):  
Infection Rate ◽  
Pinus Banksiana ◽  
Stand Density ◽  
Jack Pine ◽  
Pissodes Strobi ◽  
Northwestern Ontario ◽  
Commercial Thinning ◽  
Endocronartium Harknessii ◽  
Commercial Species ◽  
Stem Gall

Jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.) is one of the most important commercial species in northwestern Ontario and is the principal host of one of the most serious stem rusts, western gall rust (WGR) caused by Endocronartium harknessii (J.P. Moore) Y. Hirat. In 1986 a trial was established to determine, in part, effects of precommercial thinning on the distribution and occurrence of WGR in jack pine. A 9 year-old aerially seeded jack pine stand was thinned to square spacings of 1 m, 1.5 m, 2 m, 2.5 m, 3 m and a control. Fifth-year results indicated that a significant quadratic trend (p = 0.014) existed between spacing and stem gall infection rate. The incidence of WGR (stem galls) increased as stand density decreased to a maximum at 1.5 m spacing, and then declined to roughly the infection rate of the control at the lowest density (3 m). A significant relationship (0.084) between crown class and the rate of branch gall infection rate was also detected. The branch gall infection rate decreased from 6.2% year−1 for dominant trees to 2.8% year−1 for trees categorized as suppressed. Based on these results, pre-commercial thinning operations should target those trees with main stem galls and/or numerous branch galls, regardless of size and crown position, and then focus on the removal of suppressed trees to meet the desired density target. This strategy should not only enhance growth of the remaining trees, but also reduce WGR inoculum levels and reduce future WGR-related mortality. Key words: jack pine (Pinus banksiana Lamb.), western gall rust (Endocronartium harknessii (J.R Moore) Y. Hirat.), pre-commercial thinning, white pine weevil (Pissodes strobi Peck.)

scholarly journals Optimization of Irrigation and Fertigation Scheduling for Sustainable Sugarcane Initiative (SSI) through Subsurface Drip Irrigation in Western Zone of Tamil Nadu

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-121
Author(s):  
M. Manikandan ◽  
G. Thiyagarajan ◽  
S. Thenmozhi ◽  
S.K. Natarajan ◽  
J. Bhuvaneswari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Climatic Zone ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Pan Evaporation ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Surface Drip Irrigation

Sustainable Sugarcane Initiative (SSI) under Sub Surface Drip Irrigation (SSDI) is gaining momentum among the farmers because of more output with less input. Even though the benefits of SSI under SSDI are realized by farmers, development of optimal irrigation and fertigation schedule is need of the hour for Western Agro-climatic zone of Tamil Nadu. Field trials were carried out at Agricultural Research Station, Bhavanisagar from 2014 to 2017 to develop an optimal irrigation and fertigation schedule for SSI for Western Agro-climatic zone. The experiment was taken in a randomized block design with three replications. The experiment consisted of eight treatments of which six treatments comprised of SSDI with three irrigation regimes of 100, 80 and 60 percent pan evaporation and two fertigation levels of 100 and 75 percent of recommended N & K and two treatments in surface drip irrigation (SDI) with 100 percent pan evaporation (PE) + 100 percent RD and 100 percent PE + 75 percent RD of N&K through fertigation. The results of this study revealed that SSDI with 60 per cent PE + 100 per cent RD of N&K through fertigation recorded lower water use (1004 mm) and higher WUE (113 kg/ha-mm). However, significantly higher and comparable yield of sugarcane (148 t/ha) was recorded in SSDI with 100 per cent PE + 100 per cent RD of N&K through fertigation and surface drip irrigation with 100 per cent PE + 100 per cent RD of N&K through fertigation. The net return (Rs. 2,09,405 per ha) and B:C ratio (2.6) was higher in SSDI with 100per cent PE + 100 per cent RD of N&K through fertigation treatment.

scholarly journals Impact of Micronutrients and Sea Weed Sap on Nutrient Availability and Leaf Nutrient Concentrations of Mango (Mangifera indica L.) CV. Dashehari in Mollisols of Uttarakhand

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Ravina Pawar ◽  
A. K. Singh ◽  
K. P. Raverkar ◽  
Chiranjeev Kumawat ◽  
Johnson Lakra
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Availability ◽  
Soil Nitrogen ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Tropical Region ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Leaf Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

An investigation was undertaken to study the effect of micronutrients and sea weed sap on nutrient availability and leaf nutrient concentrations of mango cv. Dashehari in the year 2014-2015. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design with three replications and ten treatments consisting of various concentrations and combinations of micronutrients, sea weed sap along with recommended dose of fertilizers in sub-tropical region of GBPUA&T, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India. The highest available soil nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium (195.51, 74.30 & 218.79 kg ha-1), B, Zn, Fe, Cu and Mn (1.41, 0.85, 16.78, 3.21 and 25.50 ppm) after harvest were observed with the application of RDF + IIHR Mango Special @ 5 g/l (2 sprays at two months before flowering and marble stage). RDF + IIHR Mango Special also increased the nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium (1.88, 0.99, 0.83 %); B, Zn, Fe, Cu and Mn (18.17, 69.29, 199.49, 48.89 and 84.40 ppm) in leaves of mango cv. Dashehari. Foliar application of sea weed sap @ 10% (2 sprays at panicle emergence and marble stage) + RDF + ZnSO4 @ 200 g + CuSO4 @ 100 g + Boric acid @ 100 g (soil application) per plant in basin after harvest, also resulted in enhanced status of nutrients in plants and soil over various treatments followed to RDF + IIHR Mango Special @ 5 g/l foliar application.

scholarly journals Efficiency of botanical extracts against Aphis craccivora Koch (Hemiptera: Aphididae) nymphs in Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. e910
Author(s):  
Jefferson Auteliano Carvalho Dutra ◽  
Victor Emmanuel de Vasconcelos Gomes ◽  
Ervino Bleicher ◽  
Deivielison Ximenes Siqueira Macedo ◽  
Mirla Maria Mesquita Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Aphis Craccivora ◽  
Nerium Oleander ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Aphis Craccivora Koch ◽  
Botanical Extracts

The present study aimed to evaluate the insecticidal activity of hydroalcoholic plant extracts on Aphis craccivora Koch nymphs in cowpea. The experiments were carried out under greenhouse conditions in a randomized block design with five repetitions. Hydrated ethanol was used as a solvent in the botanical extract preparation. Cowpea plants were infested with five female adult aphids, eleven days after planting. After 48 hours, the adults were removed from the plants, leaving the recently bred nymphs. The evaluation of the nymphs’ survival was carried out forty-eight 48 hours after the application of the plant extracts. The botanical extracts with more than 50% efficiency were: Allium tuberosum leaf, Caesalpinia ferrea leaf, Piper aduncum leaf, Carica papaya seed, Dieffenbachia picta leaf, Cucurbita moschata seed and the control treatment, Annona squamosa seed. The botanical extracts with less than 50% efficiency were: Allium sativum bulb, Anacardium occidentale leaf, Borreria verticillata leaf plus flower, Coffea arabica leaf and seed, Delonix regia leaf and flower, Euphorbia tirucalli leaf, Leucaena leucocephala leaf, Mimosa caesalpiniaefolia leaf, Nerium oleander leaf, Syzygium cumini leaf, endocarp and pericarp, Syzygium malaccense leaf, Zingiber officinale rizome and Ziziphus joazeiro leaf. The highest efficiency levels were obtained by D. picta and C. moschata, rendering these extracts suitable for field trials to further evaluate their efficieny against the cowpea black aphid.

scholarly journals Penampilan Karakter Agronomi 16 Genotip Kedelai (Glycine max L. Merrill) pada Pertanaman Tumpangsari dengan Jagung (Zea mays L.) Pola 3:1

Jurnal Agro ◽  
10.15575/436 ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 30-40
Author(s):  
Acep Atma Wijaya ◽  
Hana D Rahayu ◽  
Adi R. H. Oksifa ◽  
Meddy Rachmadi ◽  
Agung Karuniawan
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Leaf Angle ◽  
Agricultural Commodity ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Soybean Genotype ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Best Response ◽  
Soybean Genotypes ◽  
Glycine Max L

Kedelai merupakan komoditas pertanian yang sangat penting di Indonesia. Namun, produksi kedelai nasional belum dapat memenuhi kebutuhan kedelai nasional. Upaya yang dapat dilakukan adalah dengan menerapkan pola tanam tumpangsari kedelai dengan jagung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari genotip kedelai yang mampu beradaptasi pada pertanaman tumpangsari dengan jagung pola 3:1 serta menghitung produktivitas penggunaan lahan setiap genotip pada pertanaman tumpangsari dengan jagung pola 3:1. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK). 16 genotip kedelai digunakan sebagai perlakuan, dan diulang sebanyak dua kali. Untuk melihat respons genotip pada pertanaman tumpangsari dilakukan dengan uji Least Significant Increase (LSI) pada taraf signifikansi 5%. Pendugaan produktivitas lahan pada setiap genotip dihitung berdasarkan nilai Nisbah Kesetaraan Lahan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan genotip kedelai yang memperlihatkan respons paling baik pada pertanaman tumpangsari kedelai jagung dibandingkan kultivar cek untuk tinggi tanaman yaitu genotip BTN 5 dan JT 3, karakter jumlah cabang produktif yaitu genotip BTN 5, karakter luas daun dan indeks luas daun yaitu genotip JT 3, karakter sudut daun yaitu genotip CK 6, karakter bobot per plot yaitu genotip KBI 2, dan Nisbah Kesetaraan Lahan yaitu genotip CK 6 dan KBI 2.Genotip   BTN 1, BTN 2, BTN 5, CK 15, CK 6, JT 3, KA 6, KA 7, KBI 2, KH 8, Cikuray dan Malikka memiliki nilai NKL lebih besar dari 1,0. Soybean is one of important agricultural commodity in Indonesia. However, the national soybean production is not sufficient to meet the needs of national soybean. Effort to do is by applying an intercropping soybean with corn. The objectives of the research was to find soybean genotypes that can adapt to intercropped plantation with corn in pattern of 3 : 1 as well as the productivity of the land use of each genotype in intercropping with maize in 3 : 1 pattern. The research used an experimental method randomized block design (RBD), 16 soybean genotypes as treatments, and repeated twice. To see the response of genotype in intercropping planting was done by using Least Significant Increase (LSI) at the level of significant 5%. Estimation of land productivity on each genotype was calculated with Land Equation Ratio value. The results showed that the best response of soybean genotype compared checks cultivar for plant height were genotype BTN 5 and JT 3, character number of productive branches was genotype BTN 5, the character of leaf area and leaf area index was genotype JT 3 , leaf angle character was genotype CK 6, characters of weights per plot was KBI 2 genotype and Land Equation Ratio value were  CK 6 and KBI 2. Genotypes of BTN 1, BTN 2, BTN 5, CK 15, CK 6, JT 3, KA 6, KA 7, KBI 2, KH 8, Cikuray and Malikka had Land Equivalent Ratio values greater than 1.0.

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