scholarly journals Emotions, intentions and their expressions: Anscombe on Wittgenstein’s stalking cat

2021 ◽  
Vol 67 ◽  
pp. 173-197
Author(s):  
Valérie Aucouturier
Keyword(s):  
Present State ◽  
Expression Of Emotion ◽  
State Of Mind ◽  
The Difference

In this paper, I explore the difference between expression of intention and expression of emotion through a discussion of a passage from G.E.M. Anscombe’s Intention, where she claims that expression of intention, unlike expression of emotion, is “purely conventional”. I argue that this claim is grounded on the fact that, although emotions can be described, expressions of emotion are not descriptions at all (e.g. of some present feeling or experience). Similarly, expressions of intention are not descriptions of a present state of mind but are rather the expression of a special sort of foreknowledge of a purported action. They are, in this respect, distinct from expression of emotion, since they are a description of some future happening (the purported action). Now, the centrally descriptive character of expressions of intention is what makes them “purely conventional”. But of course, Anscombe argues, one can have an intention without expressing it. And having an intention does not amount to having some description in mind.

scholarly journals The Romanian-Russian Relations and the New Linguistic Hegemony: Towards Natural and Necessary Synergies

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (s2) ◽  
pp. 75-79
Author(s):  
Iancu Miruna Mădălina
Keyword(s):  
Present State ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Critical Mass ◽  
Major Change ◽  
Behavioral Pattern ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
State Of Mind ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Concrete Solution

Abstract It is certainly and without fail that through a simple hovering over the present state of relations between Romania and the Russian Federation, the factual balance is not an encouraging one, the state of mind of the bilateral register being continuously dominated by the same issue: ,,history is a ballast, and the frame in which the two states perceive each other has been fixed a long time ago, clogged and jammed by momentarily political statements, and deprived of any heuristic nuances” (Dungaciu, Tănăsescu, 2013). Therefore and within such optics, based on an undeniable belief that a heuristic approach of the bilateral dimension is an imperative, the present paper aims to provide a first concrete solution likely to create the critical mass necessary to achieve a complex regeneration process of normalizing Romania's relations with its neighbor to the East. Circumscribed to such a sphere of interest, the present paper assumes the fact that beyond the overwhelming historical legacy related to the bilateral register and implicitly, beyond its problematic receipt, the complex process of normalizing the relations between Romanian and the Russian Federation is unavoidably obstructed by an entire arsenal of terms such as ,, reset”, ,,thaw”, ,,recovery”, ,,blocking”, terms which maintain and support a certain negative perception, thus certifying the fact that it prevails a ,,freeze”, a ,,cooling” and an impediment in the bilateral dimension. Starting from this undeniable and undoubted reality, the axial objective of the present paper is to fundamentally reverse this lexical hegemony, thus operating substantive changes at the level of the linguistic universe specific to the bilateral register, in such a manner as to register a major change in regards to the behavioral pattern afferent to the bilateral reports.

scholarly journals Crisis Communication and the Norwegian Authorities

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soilikki Vettenranta
Keyword(s):  
Crisis Communication ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
The Public ◽  
World State ◽  
Terror Attacks ◽  
State Of Mind ◽  
Technical Rationality ◽  
Youth Camp ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Government

Abstract The present article examines how crisis communication after catastrophes can strengthen society or undermine trust, credibility and confidence between the authorities and the general public. The two cases examined are the Norwegian authorities’ communicative response to the Chernobyl power plant disaster on 26 April, 1986, and the terrorist attacks on the government complex in Oslo and the Labour Party youth camp on the island of Utøya on 22 July, 2011. The analysis compares the initial phase of crisis communication. A serious communication crisis arose between the authorities and the public after Chernobyl, while communication during the early days after 22 July was successful. The difference is explained by the concept of rationality; crisis communication after Chernobyl was based on technical rationality, whereas communication after the terror attacks was grounded on the rationality of caring. The theoretical framework originates from Heidegger’s existential phenomenology with special focus on the existentiales Being-in-the-World, State of Mind and Care.

scholarly journals XXXIII. On the figure of the earth

1826 ◽  
Vol 116 ◽  
pp. 548-578 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Present State ◽  
Royal Society ◽  
Mathematical Theory ◽  
Second Order ◽  
The Earth ◽  
First Approximation ◽  
Figure Of The Earth ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Difference

The ellipticity of the earth, deduced by Captain Sabine from a series of pendulum experiments the most extensive, and apparently the most deserving of confidence, that has ever been made, differs considerably from that which, as is generally believed, is indicated by geodetic measures. The difference can only be explained by errors of observation, by peculiarities of local circumstances, or by some defect in the theory which connects the figure of the earth with the variation of gravity on its surface: under the last head may be placed defects in the mathematical part of the theory, and errors in the assumptions of the original constitution and present state of the earth. It was with a view to ascertain the sufficiency of the mathematical theory, that I undertook the investigations contained in this paper. The celebrated proposition called Clairaut's theorem, by which the earth's ellipticity is inferred from the variation of gravity on its surface, is obtained only by the rejection of the squares and higher powers of the ellipticity. It is by the same rejection that the figure of the earth, supposed a heterogeneous fluid, is proved to be an elliptic spheroid. It appeared therefore probable, that a more accurate theory might introduce some modification into Clairaut's theorem, and might also show he figure of the earth to differ from an ellipsoid ; and there was no reason to think that the first approximation to that figure was more accurate, than the first approximation to the motion of the moon’s perigee. The result of my investigation does not at all serve to reconcile the pendulum observations made by Captain Sabine with the measures of degrees : and with respect to one object, which I hoped to obtain, I am therefore completely unsuccessful. The theory shows, however, that the earth’s figure, on the usual suppositions as to its constitution, is not an elliptic spheroid; and the formulæ which I have obtained will give the means of determining very exactly the figure of the earth, when the experiments on the variation of gravity, or the measures of arcs on the earth’s surface, shall be thought sufficiently accurate. As the subject is one whose interest is not confined to the present time, I have ventured to offer my investigations to the Royal Society. The first part of the following sheets contains the theory of the heterogeneous earth, pushed so far as to include all the terms of the second order: it is succeeded by a comparison of this theory with Captain Sabine’s results, and with the best arcs of the meridian that have been measured and in the conclusion, I have offered some suggestions on the propriety of repeating some of these measures.

scholarly journals A Male Transformation into a Female Character on the Noh Stage

Asian Studies ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-52
Author(s):  
Violetta BRAZHNIKOVA TSYBIZOVA
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Female Character ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
The Feminine ◽  
State Of Mind ◽  
Female Roles ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Feminine Roles

Femininity and the feminine figure itself in Noh theatre plays an important role, though nowadays the interpreter is fundamentally masculine. The central aim of impersonating feminine roles by masculine performers, and therefore creating the masculine femininity consists of transmitting the spirit and the state of mind in place of ordinary copies of external femininity signs. That is the basis of the work of interpretation of the actor in the Noh theatre, similar in the case of both male and female roles. However, this paper will examine the technique in both occasions, and the difference in the event that there is a difference.

Preliminaries

2019 ◽  
pp. 3-16
Author(s):  
John Schwenkler
Keyword(s):  
Intentional Action ◽  
Preliminary Discussion ◽  
The Future ◽  
State Of Mind ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Way

This chapter discusses the argument of Sections 1-4 of G.E.M. Anscombe’s Intention. Attention is paid to the “three headings” under which she introduces her topic: expression of intention, intentional action, and intention in acting; and then to her preliminary discussion of expression of intention. Important concepts that are discussed in this chapter include the relation between the expression of intention and prediction, the question of what is described in expressing an intention, the difference between how expressions of intention and estimates of the future are grounded or justified, and the way that expressions of intention set the standard of correctness for the events that they describe. The chapter also explores Anscombe’s reasons for considering the topic of intentional action before attempting to characterize intention as an inner state of mind.

Introduction: The Problem

1980 ◽  
Vol 25 (S1) ◽  
pp. 51-51
Keyword(s):  
Present State ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
Evolutionary Progress ◽  
Living Things ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Complex Question

We must therefore see the whole varied congeries of living things as a single very ancient Being, of inconceivable vastness, and animated by one Spirit.—SAMUEL BUTLER, God the Known and God the Unknown.Science has opened all kinds of perspectives. In particular it has shown life as a slow upward-evolving process. It has shown that there is something in evolution which we must call progress, and it has shown that we ourselves are now trustees for any evolutionary progress that remains to be made.—JULIAN HUXLEY, Science and Social Needs, 1936.What, then, is the difference between the central unifying faculty of reason in man, out of which language arose, and the corresponding central faculty in the animals, which expresses itself in a few natural cries; and how in our present state of knowledge can this difference be distinctly brought into view and described in a concrete way? This is a complex question, and can be best answered for our purpose by breaking it into four parts.

1. On the Law which connects the Elastic Force of Vapour with its Temperature

1845 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 227-231
Author(s):  
John Scott Russell
Keyword(s):  
Present State ◽  
Elastic Force ◽  
Experimental Science ◽  
Franklin Institute ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Limits Of Error

The object of the paper was to examine into the present state of our knowledge of this subject, for the purpose of ascertaining its defects, and indicating the manner in which they were to be remedied.Although it appears to any one who examines only a single authority on the constitution of vapour, that its laws are sufficiently definite, yet on comparing together all the authorities we possess on this subject, or even the best of them, we find such discrepancies both in the general expressions of the law, and in the experiments themselves upon which they rest, as are highly discreditable to mechanical science, and far exceed the limits of error usually admitted in similar departments of experimental science. Between 32° and 212°, the difference between Dr Dalton's experiments and Dr Ure's amounts to more than three-tenths of an inch of mercury. Between the experiments of the Institute of France and of the Franklin Institute,—the latest and most extensive series of experiments,—there is a difference at the eleventh atmosphere of more than 6° in temperature, and about 20 inches of mercury in the pressure of the vapour.

Philology versus linguistics and Aramaic phonology

2006 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-89
Author(s):  
M. J. GELLER
Keyword(s):  
Present State ◽  
Present Author ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Formal Grammar ◽  
Textual Evidence ◽  
The Difference

The recent publication of The Cambridge Encylopedia of the World's Ancient Languages provides an occasion for assessing the present state of our knowledge of ancient languages. Any assessment, however, will inevitably be influenced by methodology and point of view, depending upon whether the reader is a linguist or a philologist. The present author would broadly define the difference in the following way, at least as far as ancient languages are concerned: linguists tend to focus on the rules of language and general theories about language which can be generated from these rules, while philologists, although concerned with formal grammar, tend to scrutinize the textual evidence upon which a grammar is based. These two approaches are sometimes difficult to reconcile.

A Review of Employability Skills Expected of New Graduates in the Hospitality Industry

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (11) ◽  
pp. 4797-4804
Author(s):  
Sushil Kalra ◽  
Deepika Puri ◽  
Kanwardeep Singh
Keyword(s):  
Present State ◽  
Hospitality Industry ◽  
Employability Skills ◽  
Hospitality Education ◽  
Education Literature ◽  
New Graduates ◽  
Stakeholder Perspective ◽  
The Difference

The objective of this study is to review the hospitality education literature. We analyze work on hospitality education and its justification utilizing a stakeholder perspective by evaluating its effect on employability skills in the hospitality industry. In this, we analyzed existing papers addressing various philosophical structures, metrics and samples for evaluating the present state of the sector, combining results, defining deficiencies and recommending avenues for potential studies. It explores the definitional dilemma, the phenomenon of education and the key theories used in the literature. It analyses the three stakeholders (industry, educators and parents) and their role in the students’ production of employability skills. We’re discussing various aspects of this business. This synthesizes the problems presented by employment in hospitality. This illustrates the difference between the educational establishments, understanding of the students, and business. Finally, we have the ramifications of this study and propose directions for potential studies.

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