scholarly journals Morphological Assessments of Root Apex of Permanent Mandibular First and Second Premolars in a Turkish Population

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-170
Author(s):  
Fidan Babayeva ◽  
Ekim Onur Orhan ◽  
Ozgur Irmak
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Root Apex ◽  
Turkish Population ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Correlation Tests ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Relevant Variation

There is no apical morphological data being available for mandibular first or second premolars in the Turkish population. The aims of the study were (I) to assess apical morphological data of mandibular first and second premolars in a Turkish population at a young-adult age range (II) to analyze potential correlations between the size and position of the apical foramina (AF). Extracted sound teeth were collected from an adult volunteer population as willing to donate. Morphological data were obtained from specimens using a stereomicroscope. The number, size, shape, and position of AF and frequency of accessory foramina were quantified. Mann-Whitney U and Spearman's rank correlation tests were performed (α=0.05). A total of 237 teeth were investigated. The majority of the specimens had one major AF. The frequency of major AF was between 1–3 for both groups. The median AF size in mandibular first and second premolars were 55,180 µm2 and 67,483 µm2, respectively. The majority of foramina shape was irregular for the mandibular first premolars whereas, was oval for the second premolars. The median location of AF with respect to the anatomic apex was 664 µm in mandibular first premolars and 677 µm in mandibular second premolars. The size and location of AF mostly overlap between the mandibular first and second premolars. The shape of the AF might be the only relevant variation concerning the apical morphology between the mandibular first and second premolars in young adults. The interaction between the size and location of AF in mandibular premolars of young adults seems not significant

Feng Shui principles and the Malaysian housing market: what matters in property selection and pricing?

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (5) ◽  
pp. 643-664
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Boon Hui Yap ◽  
Kah Chuan Lum
Keyword(s):  
Housing Market ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Living Room ◽  
Feng Shui ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Residential Properties ◽  
Correlation Tests ◽  
Klang Valley ◽  
Main Entrance

PurposeThis study aims to investigate Feng Shui elements that can influence housing selection and property pricing in the Malaysian housing market.Design/methodology/approachA structured questionnaire encompassing 26 Feng Shui elements, which were shortlisted based on relevant previous studies, was distributed to prospective homebuyers in the Klang Valley region. The elements were inferred and ranked according to frequency, significance and importance scores. Kruskal–Wallis ANOVA tests were used to assess the ratings provided by the different respondent groups, while Spearman's rank correlation tests were utilised to measure the degree of agreement or disagreement among each pair of the ethnic group.FindingsThe results obtained indicate the following as the five most influential elements: orientation, main entrance, street location, house number and living room. Despite a multiethnic and multicultural society in Malaysia, Spearman's rank correlation tests showed that there are no differences in the prioritisation of Feng Shui elements between three distinct ethnic groups (Malay, Chinese and Indian). However, the distribution scores are statistically different between the groups. Comparing income level with Feng Shui inclinations, the three most frequently considered elements across the three income groups consistently include orientation, main entrance and street location.Practical implicationsThe findings of this study are expected to provide guidance to property stakeholders (developers, real estate agencies, architects, local authorities) in their future development projects. For homebuyers, this study serves as a property Feng Shui checklist for home selection and investment.Originality/valueThis study explored the association of Feng Shui principles to housing selection and property pricing based on cultural and income factors. These findings provide useful insights for designing and positioning of residential properties in both primary and secondary housing markets in Malaysia and beyond.

scholarly journals Criticality of project knowledge and experience in the delivery of construction projects

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Boon Hui Yap ◽  
Ban Leong Lim ◽  
Martin Skitmore ◽  
Jason Gray
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Construction Projects ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Time Cost ◽  
Cost Overruns ◽  
Planning And Scheduling ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Correlation Tests

Purpose Poor project knowledge and inadequate experience are frequently linked to construction time-cost overruns. This paper aims to expound on the criticality of project knowledge and experience in the successful delivery of projects in the construction industry. Design/methodology/approach Following a detailed literature review, a quantitative positivist approach with a questionnaire survey involving industry professionals is used to appraise the 30 prevalent causes of time-cost overruns according to frequency, effectiveness and importance indices. The data are then subjected to Spearman’s rank correlation tests and exploratory factor analysis. Findings Using the importance index, which assimilates both frequency and effectiveness indices, the criticality of knowledge and experience in the overall context is seen as fundamental for addressing the contractor’s faulty planning and scheduling, construction mistakes and defective work, site management and supervision, delayed/slow decision-making, incomplete drawings and design documents and change/variation orders. Spearman’s rank correlation tests indicate a good consensus of perceptions among the key parties involved. Next, an exploratory factor analysis uncovers six underlying knowledge-based factors affecting construction performance, relating to inaccurate resource estimates, design changes, resource shortages, lack of experience, incompetence and mistakes and defects. Originality/value The study draws out the repercussions of the hitherto limited research into the deficiencies in knowledge and experience in undertaking construction projects to enhance performance using knowledge management functions.

scholarly journals The correlation of climate factors on dengue transmission in urban area: Bangkok and Singapore cases

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sittisede Polwiang
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Lag Time ◽  
Climate Factors ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Correlation Tests

The objective of this study is to find the correlation between climate factors and dengue incidence rate in Bangkok and Singapore during 2009-2015. Spearman's rank correlation tests with time-lag are performed to investigate the overall correlation between dengue incidence rates and climate factors , minimum, mean, and maximum temperatures, DTR, and rainfall. A Linear and Poisson regression analysis was performed. Spearman's rank correlation tests show that in Bangkok monthly rainfall (r=0.451, p<0.001), the number of rainy days (r=0.411, p<0.001) are positive correlation with 2 month lag time. DTR (r=-0.335, p<0.001) is negative correlation with 2 month lag time. Maximum (r=0.256, p<0.001), mean (r=0.304, p<0.001) and minimum (r=0.323, p<0.001) temperature are positive correlation with 4 month lag time. In Singapore, only minimum temperature (r=-0.299, p<0.001) with 1 month lag time is negative correlation and DTR (r=-0.289, p<0.001) with zero month lag time is positive correlation. The rest has no statically significance (p>0.05). This study concluded, climate factors play moderate role in dengue incidence in Bangkok. There is no statistical significance between rainfall and dengue incidence rate and temperature play a marginal role in Singapore.

scholarly journals The correlation of climate factors on dengue transmission in urban area: Bangkok and Singapore cases

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sittisede Polwiang
Keyword(s):  
Incidence Rate ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Time Lag ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Lag Time ◽  
Climate Factors ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Correlation Tests

The objective of this study is to find the correlation between climate factors and dengue incidence rate in Bangkok and Singapore during 2009-2015. Spearman's rank correlation tests with time-lag are performed to investigate the overall correlation between dengue incidence rates and climate factors , minimum, mean, and maximum temperatures, DTR, and rainfall. A Linear and Poisson regression analysis was performed. Spearman's rank correlation tests show that in Bangkok monthly rainfall (r=0.451, p<0.001), the number of rainy days (r=0.411, p<0.001) are positive correlation with 2 month lag time. DTR (r=-0.335, p<0.001) is negative correlation with 2 month lag time. Maximum (r=0.256, p<0.001), mean (r=0.304, p<0.001) and minimum (r=0.323, p<0.001) temperature are positive correlation with 4 month lag time. In Singapore, only minimum temperature (r=-0.299, p<0.001) with 1 month lag time is negative correlation and DTR (r=-0.289, p<0.001) with zero month lag time is positive correlation. The rest has no statically significance (p>0.05). This study concluded, climate factors play moderate role in dengue incidence in Bangkok. There is no statistical significance between rainfall and dengue incidence rate and temperature play a marginal role in Singapore.

scholarly journals A cone-beam computed tomographic study of root canal systems in mandibular premolars in a Turkish population: Theoretical model for determining orifice shape

2015 ◽  
Vol 09 (01) ◽  
pp. 011-019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hakan Arslan ◽  
Ismail Davut Capar ◽  
Elif Tarim Ertas ◽  
Huseyin Ertas ◽  
Merve Akcay
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Root Canal ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Turkish Population ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Round Shape ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Tooth Type ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT Objective: The purposes of this retrospective study were to represent a newly designed theoretical model for determining orifice shape and morphologic properties of mandibular premolars and to correlate these findings with each other. Materials and Methods: A total of 287 mandibular premolar images obtained from 88 patients by cone-beam computed tomography were included in this study. The measurements were performed below the cementoenamel junction, and different orifice configurations were defined in accordance with various ratios. The age and gender of the patient, the tooth type and position, the number of roots, orifice configuration, root canal configuration, presence of C-shaped canal, and the presence of radicular groove were recorded. It was also recorded whether the root canal becomes round or not and if any, length of the root canal from the orifice to the section in which it becomes round. Furthermore, the theoretical model for determining orifice shape was defined after measurements. The orifice shape was determined as round, oval, flat, keyhole-shaped, and T-shaped, and orifices with short, normal length, and long isthmus. Statistical analyses were performed using Chi-square and Spearman's rank correlation tests (P = 0.05). Results: Orifice configurations were, usually, flat (37%), or keyhole-shaped (23%). The prevalence of T-shaped was found to be 3.8%. The prevalence of C-shaped canals was found to be 2.1%. The percentage of root canals that became round in the middle or apical thirds was 95.1%. Radicular grooves were detected in 37 (24%) of first premolars and six (4.5%) of second premolars. Statistical analysis revealed that the mean length of distance until the canal reached a round shape varied according to age group (r = −0.270; P < 0.001). There was a statistically significant difference between radicular groove and tooth type (P < 0.001). Conclusions: The mean length of distance until the canal reached a round shape correlated with the patient's age. The new theoretical model could be beneficial to determine orifice configurations.

Sexual Dimorphism among the Kathmandu University Students Assessed by Anthropometric Studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (05) ◽  
pp. 20469-20472
Author(s):  
Shakya R ◽  
Bhattacharya SC ◽  
Shrestha R
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
University Students ◽  
Plastic Surgery ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Clinically Normal ◽  
Crime Detection ◽  
Males And Females

Objectives: To observe the sexual dimorphism among the young adult age group ranging from 18-21 years, of Kathmandu University students by measuring craniofacial circumference and canthal distances. Rationale of the study: These data could be useful for establishing the craniofacial standards and adds an implementation on plastic surgery, crime detection as well as in the industrial field. Method: 300 clinically normal students of Kathmandu University aged between 18-21 years were examined for the study. Fronto-occipital circumference, outer and inner canthal distances were measured. All the parameters were compared between males and females. Result: The cranial circumference as well as the inner and outer canthal distance in males was found to be significantly higher as compared to the females. Conclusion: The results concluded that sexual dimorphism remarkably exists in young adults of Kathmandu University students.

A Study of the Relationships between Nursing Students’ Meanings of Life, Positive Beliefs, and Well-Being

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fu-Ju Tsai ◽  
Cheng-Yu Chen ◽  
Gwo-Liang Yeh ◽  
Yih-Jin Hu ◽  
Chie-Chien Tseng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Promotion ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Meaning Of Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Social Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nursing Educators ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation

Background: Nursing educators should train nursing students to pursue physical, psychological, spiritual, and social health promotion. The purpose of this study was to explore relationships between nursing students’ meaning of life, positive beliefs, and well-being. Methods: A cross-sectional correlational study with a quantitative approach was adopted. Purposive sampling was used. A total of 170 nursing students voluntarily participated in this study. A 56-item questionnaire was used to examine nursing students’ meaning of life (1-25 items), positive beliefs (1-11 items), and well-being (1-20 items). The content validity index (CVI) of the study questionnaire was established as 0.95 by seven expert scholars. The reliability values for the three parts of the measure were as follows: meaning of life, Cronbach’s α 0.96; positive beliefs, Cronbach’s α 0.93; and well-being, Cronbach’s α 0.95. Percentages, frequencies, means, SDs, Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance by rank, Spearman’s rank correlation, one-way analysis of variance, Spearman’s rho correlation, and regression analysis were used for the data analysis. Results: Nursing students had the following mean scores: meaning of life with 4.02 (SD 0.56); positive beliefs with 3.92 (SD 0.62); and well-being with 3.95 (SD 0.57). The results indicate that for all nursing students, meaning of life was positively correlated with positive beliefs, r=0.83 (P<.01); similarly, all nursing students had positive beliefs that were positively correlated with meaning of life, r=0.83 (P<.01). In the results of the study, the nursing students’ background, meaning of life and positive beliefs explained 63% of the variance in well-being (Adjusted R2 squared =0.63, F=33.41, P<.001). Conclusions: Nursing students’ sense of meaning of life and positive beliefs may impact their well-being. Therefore, nursing educators can promote meaning of life and positive beliefs to nursing students as a way to increase their well-being for physical, psychological, spiritual, and social health promotion.

Evaluation of the Degree of Dental Anxiety in a Lot of Patients Altered in Young Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 689-692
Author(s):  
Gheorghe Raftu ◽  
Elena-Claudia Sin ◽  
Aureliana Caraiane ◽  
Steliana Gabriela Bustiuc ◽  
Raluca Briceag
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Dental Anxiety ◽  
Background Level ◽  
Anxiety Scale ◽  
Statistical Relationships ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Age Range

The study aims at identifying and highlighting dental anxiety in a group of young adults, analyzing patients� concerns about the main dental treatment procedures, and establishing statistical relationships between anxiety and gender, the background, level of education, socio-economic status and knowledge of habits of care and hygiene of oral cavity characteristic of the studied group. The study group consists of 150 female (50%) and male (50%) patients , aged between 20 and 40 years. The inclusion criteria in the batch were those related to the age range of 20 to 40 years.Two respondents (Corah�s Dental Anxiety Scale, Revised (DAS-R)) were given two questionnaires ( Corah�s Dental Anxiety Scale, DAS-R), and the second questionnaire contained 7 questions about the habits dental care). Most patients� concerns about the main procedures of dental treatment / other concerns are: dental extraction, material expenses, possibility of treatments and shame she felt oppressed health of the oral cavity. Regardless of the level of dental anxiety, the oral cavity hygiene habits are not properly performed by patients, with an increased tendency for them to be disregarded by patients with severe dental anxiety.

scholarly journals Deregulation of lncRNA HIST1H2AG-6 and AIM1-3 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells is associated with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Jiang ◽  
Peian Lou ◽  
Xiaoluo Chen ◽  
Chenguang Wu ◽  
Shihe Shao
Keyword(s):  
Roc Curve ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation Coefficient

Abstract Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is mainly affected by genetic and environmental factors; however, the correlation of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) with T2DM remains largely unknown. Methods Microarray analysis was performed to identify the differentially expressed lncRNAs and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) in patients with T2DM and healthy controls, and the expression of two candidate lncRNAs (lnc-HIST1H2AG-6 and lnc-AIM1-3) were further validated using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was used to measure the degree of association between the two candidate lncRNAs and differentially expressed mRNAs. Furthermore, the KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) pathway and GO (Gene Ontology) enrichment analysis were used to reveal the biological functions of the two candidate lncRNAs. Additionally, multivariate logistic regression analysis and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were performed. Results The microarray analysis revealed that there were 55 lncRNAs and 36 mRNAs differentially expressed in patients with T2DM compared with healthy controls. Notably, lnc-HIST1H2AG-6 was significantly upregulated and lnc-AIM1-3 was significantly downregulated in patients with T2DM, which was validated in a large-scale qRT-PCR examination (90 controls and 100 patients with T2DM). Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient revealed that both lncRNAs were correlated with 36 differentially expressed mRNAs. Furthermore, functional enrichment (KEGG and GO) analysis demonstrated that the two lncRNA-related mRNAs might be involved in multiple biological functions, including cell programmed death, negative regulation of insulin receptor signal, and starch and sucrose metabolism. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that lnc-HIST1H2AG-6 and lnc-AIM1-3 were significantly correlated with T2DM (OR = 5.791 and 0.071, respectively, both P = 0.000). Furthermore, the ROC curve showed that the expression of lnc-HIST1H2AG-6 and lnc-AIM1-3 might be used to differentiate patients with T2DM from healthy controls (area under the ROC curve = 0.664 and 0.769, respectively). Conclusion The profiles of lncRNA and mRNA were significantly changed in patients with T2DM. The expression levels of lnc-HIST1H2AG-6 and lnc-AIM1-3 genes were significantly correlated with some features of T2DM, which may be used to distinguish patients with T2DM from healthy controls and may serve as potential novel biomarkers for diagnosis in the future.

scholarly journals Magnetic resonance cisternography imaging findings related to the leakage of Gadolinium into the subarachnoid space

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rei Nakamichi ◽  
Toshiaki Taoka ◽  
Hisashi Kawai ◽  
Tadao Yoshida ◽  
Michihiko Sone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Subarachnoid Space ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Predictive Performance ◽  
Roc Curves ◽  
Imaging Findings ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Sagittal Sinus ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Cisternography

Abstract Purpose To identify magnetic resonance cisternography (MRC) imaging findings related to Gadolinium-based contrast agent (GBCA) leakage into the subarachnoid space. Materials and methods The number of voxels of GBCA leakage (V-leak) on 3D-real inversion recovery images was measured in 56 patients scanned 4 h post-intravenous GBCA injection. Bridging veins (BVs) were identified on MRC. The numbers of BVs with surrounding cystic structures (BV-cyst), with arachnoid granulations protruding into the superior sagittal sinus (BV-AG-SSS) and the skull (BV-AG-skull), and including any of these factors (BV-incl) were recorded. Correlations between these variables and V-leak were examined based on the Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated to investigate the predictive performance of GBCA leakage. Results V-leak and the number of BV-incl were strongly correlated (r = 0.609, p < 0.0001). The numbers of BV-cyst and BV-AG-skull had weaker correlations with V-leak (r = 0.364, p = 0.006; r = 0.311, p = 0.020, respectively). The number of BV-AG-SSS was not correlated with V-leak. The ROC curve for contrast leakage exceeding 1000 voxels and the number of BV-incl had moderate accuracy, with an area under the curve of 0.871. Conclusion The number of BV-incl may be a predictor of GBCA leakage and a biomarker for waste drainage function without using GBCA.

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