Creation of Antifungal Antibiotics of New Generation by Chemical Modification and Genetic Engineering Methods– Modern Approach to a Solution of the Problem of an Antibiotic Resistance at Candidiasis İnfections

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurmammed Ragimov ◽  
Arifa Baghirova
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Genetic Engineering ◽  
Chemical Modification ◽  
Modern Approach ◽  
Antifungal Antibiotics ◽  
New Generation

scholarly journals New Generation of Plasmid Backbones Devoid of Antibiotic Resistance Marker for Gene Therapy Trials

2011 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 1942-1949 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaëlle Vandermeulen ◽  
Corinne Marie ◽  
Daniel Scherman ◽  
Véronique Préat
Keyword(s):  
Gene Therapy ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Marker ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Marker ◽  
New Generation

scholarly journals Therapeutic and diagnostic enteroscopy in children: 15 years of experience

2020 ◽  
pp. 102-110
Author(s):  
E. V. Kirakosyan ◽  
M. M. Lokhmatov
Keyword(s):  
Full Range ◽  
High Definition ◽  
Double Balloon Enteroscopy ◽  
Modern Approach ◽  
Sophisticated Equipment ◽  
Modern Level ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Diagnostic Capabilities ◽  
New Generation ◽  
Digital Or

Each new stage in the development of endoscopy was characterized by the creation of more sophisticated equipment and the expansion of diagnostic capabilities. The 21st century was marked by the transition to robotic remotely controlled endoscopic systems, the use of digital or electronic endoscopic technology in children. The modern level of endoscopy in pediatrics includes a high definition of the image obtained, a morphological study of biopsy specimens and a full range of endosurgical procedures. The paper presents the experience of introducing, teaching, preparing, conducting, analyzing and evaluating the results, features and nuances of use in children of therapeutic and diagnostic enteroscopy of a new generation: video capsule endoscopy and double-balloon enteroscopy. The modern approach to intraluminal diagnosis and endoscopic treatment of children with digestive system pathologies is substantiated.

scholarly journals Engineered fluoride sensitivity enables biocontainment and selection of genetically-modified yeasts

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin I. Yoo ◽  
Susanna Seppälä ◽  
Michelle A. OʼMalley
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Genetic Engineering ◽  
Genetically Modified Organisms ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Wildtype Strain ◽  
Controlled Environments ◽  
Reduced Costs ◽  
Dna Vectors ◽  
Selection Agent ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Biocontainment systems are needed to neutralize genetically modified organisms (GMOs) that pose ecological threats outside of controlled environments. In contrast, benign selection markers complement GMOs with reduced fitness. Benign selection agents serve as alternatives to antibiotics, which are costly and risk spread of antibiotic resistance. Here, we present a yeast biocontainment strategy leveraging engineered fluoride sensitivity and DNA vectors enabling use of fluoride as a selection agent. The biocontainment system addresses the scarcity of platforms available for yeast despite their prevalent use in industry and academia. In the absence of fluoride, the biocontainment strain exhibits phenotypes nearly identical to those of the wildtype strain. Low fluoride concentrations severely inhibit biocontainment strain growth, which is restored upon introduction of fluoride-based vectors. The biocontainment strategy is stringent, easily implemented, and applicable to several eukaryotes. Further, the DNA vectors enable genetic engineering at reduced costs and eliminate risks of propagating antibiotic resistance.

scholarly journals CHALLENGING EDUCATIONAL PROCESS IN MODERN ENVIRONMENT

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radmila Janičić
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Traditional Concept ◽  
Modern Approach ◽  
Technology Platforms ◽  
Class Room ◽  
New Generation

The paper gives theoretical and practical approach to challenging educational process in modern environment.In first part of paper, present theoretical aspects of educational process through history and time, by leadingauthors in the field of education. Educational process comes from traditional form of teaching to integratedlearning process, which includes information technology platforms, modern holistic marketing approach,modern approach to presentation in class room, interactive discussion with students, and use of mobileplatforms and new concept of relationship with students, based on dialogue. Also, business environment haschanged and has impacted educational process. In second part of paper, is presented theoretical aspects ofstudent’s behavior through time, from traditional concept of listening lectures, to the interactive learningprocess and dialogue with colleagues and professors. Also, changing business environment bring to educationalprocess new topics, new professions. There is emphasizing that new generation need integrated approach,based on both traditional knowledge methodologies and information technologies platforms. Younggenerations love to share knowledge, educational experiences and have strong feeling for connection withothers, to learn more, to travel, to get experiences. Young generations are mobileand in looking for knowledgeand nontraditional professions. Professors have to follow these educational and business changes. In third partof paper, is presented empirical research about student’s behavior in modern educational process and newbusiness environment. Empirical research includes questionnaire and focus group by students about their newneeds, wishes and feelings in modern educational process in modern environment. Empirical research presentswhat drives students in education, in getting knowledge..

scholarly journals MODERN APPROACH TO ANTIBACTERIAL THERAPY IN THE PRACTICE OF A SURGEON

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Morozov ◽  
A. N. Sergeev ◽  
E. M. Askerov ◽  
S. V. Zhukov ◽  
N. S. Novikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Antibacterial Therapy ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Antibacterial Prophylaxis ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Antibacterial Drugs ◽  
Modern Approach ◽  
Surgical Practice ◽  
Russian Science Citation Index

Relevance. Currently, all over the world, antibacterial therapy is widely used as a prophylaxis after surgical interventions. Currently, some data indicate the benefits of a short course, while others, in turn, indicate the benefits of a long course of antibacterial drugs as a prevention of postoperative complications. The problem of pan-resistance of bacterial strains in relation to almost all available groups of antibacterial drugs forces us to look for ways to overcome resistance, to look for new potential bases for the creation of antimicrobial drugs. New antibacterial drugs: odilorhabdins, tridecapeptins and malacidins, arilomycins and others will help to overcome the existing difficulties.The purpose of this study is to analyze the domestic and foreign literature for the period 2017–2021 in order to study the current approach to antibacterial therapy in surgical practice.Material and methods. In the course of this study, publications were selected according to the topic for the period from 2017 to 2021. The information was obtained from foreign and domestic sources: the Russian scientific electronic library, integrated with the Russian Science Citation Index (eLibrary.ru), Medline database (via Pubmed.gov), Scopus database, ScienceDirect database.Results. One of the significant difficulties in the treatment of wounds with antibacterial drugs of various localizations is the persistence of resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus. In the studied studies, the high effectiveness of tedizolide phosphate in the treatment of this type of infection was noted. It is also possible to use other new drugs as epmiric therapy in the presence of risk factors for MRSA infection: daptomycin (lipopeptides), ceftaroline (cephalosporins), tigecycline (glycylcyclines), telavancin (glycopeptides)[41]. The use of biocides in the treatment of prostheses for hernioplasty as an antibacterial prophylaxis significantly reduces the adhesion of staphylococci and prevents postoperative complications. Suture material with antimicrobial activity, which would allow to fully reduce the risk of infections in the field of surgical intervention, is not yet available on the pharmaceutical market, but the increasing attention of scientists is attracted by chitosan, a derivative of the natural polymer chitin. The combined use of bacteriophages with low doses of antibiotics leads to better results in the treatment of surgical soft tissue infection. Bacteriophages are one of the ways to overcome antibiotic resistance.Conclusions. The modern approach to antibacterial therapy in surgical practice involves the correct and timely appointment of starting therapy, taking into account the sensitivity of microorganisms, the use of antibacterial preoperative prevention, determining the optimal duration of use and dose selection of an antibiotic, the use of sensitive bacteriophages together with them, overcoming antibiotic resistance due to the competent use of new antibacterial drugs based on peptides, a comprehensive approach to the treatment of surgical infection.

977 Sitafloxacin and Garenoxacin, New-Generation Quinolones, Can Overcome the Antibiotic Resistance of H. pylori with gyrA Mutations

2009 ◽  
Vol 136 (5) ◽  
pp. A-150
Author(s):  
Hidekazu Suzuki ◽  
Juntaro Matsuzaki ◽  
Hiroe Muraoka ◽  
Toshihiro Nishizawa ◽  
Yoshimasa Saito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
New Generation

Epilogue

2021 ◽  
pp. 148-156
Author(s):  
Thomas E. Schindler
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Genetic Engineering ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Microbial Evolution ◽  
Tree Of Life ◽  
Dna Structures ◽  
Viral Genes ◽  
Biochemical Systems

This chapter reveals the importance of bacterial sex in evolution. After scientists realized that antibiotic resistance and the development of MDR pathogens were caused by bacterial sex, some evolutionary biologists began to wonder about the potential role of HGT in evolution. Scientists speculated that mobile genes might have played a significant role in microbial evolution. James Shapiro has argued genome change in evolution results from a natural genetic engineering process utilizing the biochemical systems for reorganizing DNA structures present in living cells. For billions of years—from the beginning of evolution—bacteria have been transferring genes horizontally, between species and therefore between lineages, interconnecting the branches on the tree of life. The promiscuous process that has scrambled the tree of life is bacterial sex, discovered by Joshua and Esther Lederberg as a laboratory curiosity that helped uncover the molecular secretes of bacterial and viral genes.

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